Bulk and surface energy
Surface Energy Fluxes
... the bulk surface resistance obtained from canopy-scale micrometeorological measurements to leaf resistance, a biological parameter obtained directly from leaf gas exchange, is the subject of considerable ...
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Bulk termination of the quasicrystalline fivefold surface of Al70Pd21Mn9
... 9 surface has been investigated using high-resolution scanning tunneling ...the surface in a short decorated Fibonacci sequence, atomi- cally resolved surface images have been ...the bulk ...
15
Simulation studies of surface and bulk properties of materials
... calcite surface, due to the polar nature o f the hydroxyl groups, compared to the bulky methyl and phenyl groups present in the remaining ...replacement energy o f -8 9 ...
215
Bulk and Surface Nucleation Processes in Ag2S Conductance Switches
... In the case of ionic transport, conductance switching is due to the formation and dissolution of metallic fila- ments between the electrodes. The formation and dissolu- tion of such nanoscale metallic filaments is driven ...
7
Tuning Bulk and Surface Properties of Polymers for Micro- and Nanofabrication.
... By UV treating microchannels constructed from PVMS networks, we demonstrate siloxane-based microchannels that resist swelling in toluene. Although other research groups implement photo-sensitive PDMS in coatings or ...
223
Nanosegregation and Structuring in the Bulk and at the Surface of Ionic-Liquid Mixtures
... the surface, due to more efficient packing of the ...the surface structure of IL ...the surface structure can be obtained from indirect classical measurements such as surface tension ...
47
Cut finite element methods for coupled bulk–surface problems
... Coupled Bulk–Surface Problems Erik Burman · Peter Hansbo · Mats ...coupled bulk-surface model ...the energy and L 2 norms of the ...
23
Surface brillouin scattering in opaque thin films and bulk materials
... pump energy, which raises electrons into higher energy quantum ...The energy is typically supplied as an electrical current or as light at different ...
222
Temporary surface passivation for characterisation of bulk defects in silicon : a review
... 3. Energy Levels at the Silicon–Electrolyte Interface and the Influence of Illumination In general, silicon – electrolyte interfaces behave similar to silicon – metal ...silicon surface and, in general, a ...
19
Bulk crystal growth and surface preparation of NiSb, MnSb, and NiMnSb
... 9(a), with well resolved Ni 3p, Mn 3p and Sb 4d core levels. The Ni 3p and Mn 3p regions were readily fitted with stand- ard Shirley background and three Voigt peaks, primarily to obtain peak areas for stoichiometry ...
10
Exceptional surface and bulk electronic structures in a topological insulator, Bi2Se3
... High energy resolution enabled us to identify tiny features close to the Fermi level forming the topologically ordered surface states and the bulk bands arising due to defects/vacancies in the ...
8
Towards improving energy efficiency regulations of bulk carriers
... the bulk carrier ships stay in average around 30% of their operating time in ports, this mode contribution on CO 2 emissions must not be ...reference surface. Therefore a separate surface is ...
30
Electronic structure of quasicrystalline surfaces: Effects of surface preparation and bulk structure
... Electronic surface structure is probed primarily by photo- emission techniques, which are commonly used in two broad spectral regions: the valence band or the core ...the bulk. For the valence band, Stadnik ...
14
Periodic density functional theory calculations of bulk and the (010) surface of goethite
... (010) surface, using the Vienna Ab Initio Simulation Package ...the bulk mineral structure accurately reproduced the observed crystal structure and vibrational frequencies, suggesting that this ...
16
Understanding reflectance anisotropy: Surface-state signatures and bulk-related features
... All surface bonds are saturated by hydrogen. The Si atoms thus remain in bulk-like configurations and the re- laxations are rather small and ...the bulk CP ...stepped surface. Figure 9 shows ...
9
Biocorrosion and Surface Wettability of Ni-free Zr-Based Bulk Metallic Glasses
... corroded surface morphology and corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), ...to surface wettability, the characterization of the ...
9
Bulk Oxygen Diffusion and Surface Exchange Limitations in La2−xSrxNi1-yFeyO4+δ
... from bulk oxygen diffusion (T < 900 ∘ ) to surface exchange (T > 900 ∘ ...of surface exchange coefficients, while oxygen-ion conductivity possessed higher activation energy and was significantly ...
8
Density and T1 of surface and bulk spins in diamond in high magnetic field gradients
... First, there is a clear difference between data and theory for large tip-surface separations at low temperatures. It seems that the quality factor of the silicon cantilever increases when the temperature decreases ...
8
Surface Activity and Bulk Defect Chemistry of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes
... before and after the most oxidizing condition, to demonstrate repeatability and rule out irreversible effects like hard x-‐ray damage. In Figure 6.9, we compare the quenched cobalt K edges described above with high ...
164
Detection of decoupled surface and bulk states in epitaxial orthorhombic SrIrO3 thin films
... electron energy) could be deeper than the photoemission mean free path at 150 eV: although very material dependent, the electron mean free path frequently increases rapidly at kinetic energies below 50 eV, but ...
8