rain rate
Performance Analysis of Rain Rate Models for Microwave Propagation Designs Over Tropical Climate
... Several efforts have however led to the development of rain rate and rain attenuation models. Invariably, such efforts have facilitated attenuation mitigation at various stages of communication link ...
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Rain Rate and Rain Attenuation Prediction for Satellite Communication in Ku and Ka Bands Over Nigeria.
... rainfall rate at 1-minute integration time is needed for the site under studied in order to predict accurate rain attenuation for the ...rainfall rate of 1-minute integration time necessary for the ...
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The use of the texture and motion of clouds from geostationary satellite images in rain rate estimation and prediction
... in rain rate estimation from satellite measurements is a scarcity of ground data to verify instantaneous satellite ...The rain rate information is retrieved from the British Atmospheric Data ...
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The use of the texture and motion of clouds from geostationary satellite images in rain rate estimation and prediction
... actual rain rates are available for the best accuracy. The derived rain rate is post-processed by comparing with its ...median rain rate calculated from its neighbour is assigned ...
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Rain Rate Attenuation Prediction Model At 12 Ghz In Melaka
... 5.2 Cumulative Distribution of Rain Rate 2006, 2007 and 2008 39 5.3 Cumulative Distribution of Rain rate from 2006 until 2008 40 5.4 Average one year of the cumulative distribution of ...
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Automated rain rate estimates using the Ka-band ARM zenith radar (KAZR)
... retrieving rain rates from the profiling Ka-band (35-GHz) ARM (Atmospheric Radiation Measurement) zenith radars ...high rain rates are retrieved by using the amount of attenuation in rain layers, ...
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A proposed rain attenuation prediction method for free space optical link based on rain rate statistics
... to rain for Free Space Optical communication links for all percentage of availabilities and any path ...path rain attenuation for FSO for any outages and path lengths while rain rate ...
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Empirical Models for Estimation of Rain Rate in the Fifteen ITU Rain Zones
... ITU rain rate data for the 15 ITU rain zones are analysed in order to select the appropriate empirical model for estimating the rain rate for any given percentage of time ...of ...
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Raindrop size distributions and radar reflectivity–rain rate relationships for radar hydrology
... given rain rate, orographic rainfall tends to exhibit smaller mean raindrop sizes and larger concentrations, whereas thunderstorm rainfall tends to be associated with larger mean raindrop sizes and smaller ...
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Optimal rain rate estimation algorithm for light and heavy rain using polarimetric measurements
... The rain rate is not a direct measurement of weather radars and it must be estimated from echoes of the rain events (At- las, ...for rain quantification have been proposed (Atlas and Ulbrich, ...
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Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Rain Rate and Rain Attenuation on Ku Band Satellite Systems in a Tropical Region: A Synthetic Storm Techniques Approach
... time-varying rain characterization and diurnal variation in the Ku-band satellite systems simulated with synthetic storm techniques (SST) over a tropical location in Nigeria have been ...years’ rain ...
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Tropical Rain Classification and Estimation of Rain from Z-R (Reflectivity-Rain Rate) Relationships
... of rain integral parameters during the entire rain stage leads to higher values of coefficient A and lower values of coefficient ...stratiform rain event recorded on 18th May 1998 has rain ...
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Wind Profiler Observations of Shallow Convection over Palau in Tropical Western Pacific
... Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar (PR) and revealed that the shallow precipitation contributes about 20% of the total precipitation in the tropics [21-23]. However, these estimates are based ...
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Prediction of rainfall intensity measurement errors using commercial microwave communication links
... path-averaged rain rate due to spatial rainfall ...point rain- fall amount at the gauge’s location, even though the link and the gauge are installed in close proximity; in this case, the link-gauge ...
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New algorithm for integration between wireless microwave sensor network and radar for improved rainfall measurement and mapping
... traditional rain gauges, they have their limita- tions as ...actual rain intensities in space, but also the reconstructed maps are extended to the maximum coverage ...significant rain events, we show ...
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Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial Rain Attenuation at Ku band for Stations in South Western Nigeria
... Daily rainfall data were collected from the Nigerian Meteorological Services (NIMET) for four stations (Akure, Ile-Ife, Ilorin and Ikeja,) all in the South-Western region of Nigeria, for a period of one year (January to ...
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Representation of model error in a convective-scale ensemble prediction system
... sembles, indicating that the RP scheme has little impact on the skill of the wind forecast. For rain rate and hourly rain ac- cumulation (Fig. 17a and b) all ensembles show an improve- ment in skill ...
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Studying the Efficiency of Irrigation with Micro-Irrigation
... intensity rain rate of water absorption into the soil formation of a surface relief and soil erosion, uneven and shallow soaking imperfection open irrigation system at a superficial irrigation, the need for ...
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Performance Analysis Of Rain Attenuation Of An Earth Space Path
... Rain rate modelling can be done using cumulative distribution with a lognormal behavior at lower rain rates and as a gamma distribution at higher rain ...Rainfall rate with lower ...
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Z-R Law for Quantitative Rainfall Estimation Using a C-band Radar and a Network of Ground-Based Disdrometers
... Commonly, the rainfall estimation from weather radar is based on empirical models such as reflectivity–rain rate (Z-R) power-law relation, i.e., Z = a*R^b. However, these equations are generally used while ...
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