Ricin toxin
Antibody Mediated Inhibition of Ricin Toxin Retrograde Transport
... ABSTRACT Ricin is a member of the ubiquitous family of plant and bacterial AB toxins that gain entry into the cytosol of host cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis and retrograde traffic through the ...
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High-Definition Mapping of Four Spatially Distinct Neutralizing Epitope Clusters on RiVax, a Candidate Ricin Toxin Subunit Vaccine
... recombinant ricin toxin A subunit (RTA) vaccine antigen that has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in humans and effective at protecting rhesus macaques against lethal-dose aerosolized toxin ...
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Humanized Monoclonal Antibody That Passively Protects Mice against Systemic and Intranasal Ricin Toxin Challenge
... lowing ricin challenge, animals were monitored twice daily for 5 to 10 days for symptoms of ricin intoxication ...mucosal ricin exposure, although the thresh- olds of serum hPB10 associated with ...
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Rescue of rhesus macaques from the lethality of aerosolized ricin toxin
... Ricin toxin (RT) is considered a high priority biothreat agent by the Centers for Disease Control and Preven- tion (CDC), the US Department of Defense (DOD), and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ...
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Production and purification of immunologically active core protein p24 from HIV 1 fused to ricin toxin B subunit in E coli
... Results: A fusion between ricin toxin B subunit and p24 HIV (RTB/p24) was expressed in E. coli. Affinity chromatography was used for purification of p24 alone and RTB/p24 from cytosolic fractions. ...
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High-Resolution Epitope Positioning of a Large Collection of Neutralizing and Nonneutralizing Single-Domain Antibodies on the Enzymatic and Binding Subunits of Ricin Toxin
... of ricin toxin with a focus on localizing the epitopes recognized by toxin-neutralizing ...more toxin-neutralizing antibodies that render the immunotoxin inactive (43, ...
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Comparative Efficacy of Two Leading Candidate Ricin Toxin A Subunit Vaccines in Mice
... Following this low-dose immunization, neither the RiVax- nor the RVEc-immunized animals had detectable TNA in their sera, despite the fact that the animals were immune to the ricin chal- lenge. This phenomenon ...
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Comparative Adjuvant Effects of Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxins in Combination with Two Different Candidate Ricin Toxin Vaccine Antigens
... to ricin toxin is obviously beneficial, considering its toxicity following inhalation or inges- tion ...(28), ricin-specific IgA antibodies in fecal pellets from mice immunized with RiVax and the ...
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Ricin trafficking in plant and mammalian cells
... (ricin toxin A or RTA) is joined by a single disulfide bond to a B chain (RTB) that is a galactose- and N-acetylgalactosamine-specific ...of ricin [6–8]. RCA is a tetramer of two ricin-like ...
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Ricin Toxicity: Clinical and Molecular Aspects
... contain ricin toxin (RT), one of the most poisonous naturally-occurring substances ...known. Ricin toxin, a water-soluble glycoprotein that does not partition into the oil extract, is a ...
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Ricin trafficking in cells
... of ricin. Ricin binds N-glycosylated molecules with available β1→4 linked galactosyls at the plasma membrane and after internalization by endocytosis, traffics via early endosomes, the TGN and the Golgi ...
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Medical management of ricin poisoning
... biological toxin which can be extracted from the beans of castor plant (Ricinus ...the toxin ricin remains in the residual mesh, from which it can be easily extracted and used for notorious ...the ...
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Studies on the entry of ricin subunits into cells
... activities. Ricin A chain, the effectomer, is k no w n to enzymatically inactivate eukaryotic ribosomes resulting in a cessation of protein synthesis in the Intoxicated ...ribosomes ricin A chain must first ...
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Clostridium difficile PCR Cycle Threshold Predicts Free Toxin
... method results may be due to the presence of low-toxin-producing C. difficile strain types. Other preanalytical factors that could potentially play a role but which were not investigated in this study include the ...
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The action of ricin A chain on eukaryotic ribosomes
... y ricin A chain ( Stirpe and Hughes, 1989, Cenini et ...to ricin A chain but only at high concentrations ( Harley and Beevers, 1982 ...of ricin A chain on these ...the toxin-treated ...
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Propriétés et utilisation de l’huile de ricin
... 1) comme lubrifiant : de par ses pro- pri et es sp ecifiques, l’huile de ricin poss ede un grand int ere ˆt comme lubri- fiant. Elle fut utilis ee par le pass e pour l’aviation, mais aussi dans les moteurs de v ...
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The cytosolic fate of ricin A chain in target cells
... this toxin subunit, suggesting Hsp90 may participate in the lysine-ubiquitination of ...cholera toxin A chain (Taylor et ...homologous toxin, saporin, which does not exploit ERAD to achieve ...the ...
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Effect of the Black Snake Toxin on the Gastrocnemius Sciatic Preparation
... Site of action of the toxin 1 Effect of toxin on the nerve The nerve of the gastrocnemius-sciatic preparation was immersed in toxin solution and the muscle in Ringer's solution.. The soa[r] ...
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New Players in the Toxin Field: Polymorphic Toxin Systems in Bacteria
... and toxin genes encoding various toxic activities are depicted as white arrows with ends of different colors labeled Tox (upper ...of toxin genes enabled the discovery of additional genes encoding immunity ...
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A CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE UNKNOWN FACTS OF BOTOX COSMETIC TOXICITY AND ITS SAFER AYURVEDIC ANTI-AGING ALTERNATIVES .......
... potent toxin. Each vial of Botox (Botulinum Toxin Type A) contains 100 U of toxin, ...the toxin is drawn into the vial by the vacuum and not squirted into it and it is not ...Botulinum ...
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