short interfering RNAs
Biological Relevance of a Stable Biochemical Interaction between the Tombusvirus-Encoded P19 and Short Interfering RNAs
... The Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV)-encoded p19 protein (P19) is widely used as a robust tool to suppress RNA interference (RNAi) in various model organisms. P19 dimers appropriate 21-nucleotide (nt) duplex short ...
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Endoribonuclease-Prepared Short Interfering RNAs Induce Effective and Specific Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication
... Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting viral or cellular genes can efficiently inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Nevertheless, optimal HIV-1 gene silencing by siRNA ...
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Sequence Homology Required by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 To Escape from Short Interfering RNAs
... double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs), either artificially or by RNA virus infection, can induce the specific degradation of homologous mRNA species, a process termed RNA interference (RNAi) ...termed short ...
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Inhibition of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Reactivation by Short Interfering RNAs Targeting p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase or c-myc in EBV-Positive Epithelial Cells
... antiviral defense mechanism. The molecular details are be- coming clear due to combined genetic and biochemical ap- proaches (51, 48). On entry into the cells, the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is cleaved by an RNase ...
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Depletion of polycistronic transcripts using short interfering RNAs: cDNA synthesis method affects levels of non targeted genes determined by quantitative PCR
... Background: Short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are often used to deplete viral polycistronic transcripts, such as those encoded by human papillomavirus ...
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Silencing of Host Genes Directed by Virus-Derived Short Interfering RNAs in Caenorhabditis elegans
... Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) processed from viral replication intermediates by RNase III-like enzyme Dicer guide se- quence-specific antiviral silencing in fungi, plants, and ...
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Tomato Chlorotic Mottle Virus Is a Target of RNA Silencing but the Presence of Specific Short Interfering RNAs Does Not Guarantee Resistance in Transgenic Plants
... from N. benthamiana (Fig. 3a). Labeled siRNAs isolated from tomato hybridized predominantly to segments A6 and A4 (AC2 and AC3 sequences), whereas the differences among the rest of the segments were less pronounced (Fig. ...
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Trans inhibition of HIV 1 by a long hairpin RNA expressed within the viral genome
... synthetic short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or gene constructs encoding short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) or long hairpin RNAs ...
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RNA Interference with Measles Virus N, P, and L mRNAs Efficiently Prevents and with Matrix Protein mRNA Enhances Viral Transcription
... multiple short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against the six measles virus genes, we found efficient downregulation of viral gene expression in general with siRNAs against the nucleocapsid (N), ...
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Exosomes as mediators of neuroinflammation
... siRNAs: short interfering RNAs; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; α -Syn: α -synuclein; TAR: trans-activation response element; TEM: Tetraspanin-Enriched Membrane domains; VPS35: vacuolar sorting ...
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Plant Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs Originate Predominantly from Highly Structured Single-Stranded Viral RNAs
... double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that leads to homology-dependent degradation of target ...small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) (17, 18, ...single-stranded RNAs (ssRNAs) that are processed into siRNAs ...
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RNA Interference: Past, Present and Future
... A number of different approaches have been used to introduce siRNAs into both cells and whole organisms. Successful approaches include: electroporation (McRobert and McConkey, 2002), soaking in siRNAs (Malhotra et al., ...
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Demystifying the mechanistic and functional aspects of p21 gene activation with double-stranded RNAs in human cancer cells
... AGO1 and AGO2 proteins are expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus and are well-characterized in mammals, assisting in post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) [44, 45] and transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) [46, ...
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Translation but not the encoded sequence is essential for the efficient propagation of the defective interfering RNAs of the coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus.
... defective interfering (DI) RNA MIDI of mouse hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59) contains a large open reading frame (ORF) spanning almost its entire ...DI RNAs containing different ...DI RNAs ...
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Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus Genomic RNA Accumulation Is Regulated by Interdependent cis-Acting Elements within the Movement Protein Open Reading Frames
... Some of the effects observed in plants could be caused by the influence of mutations on the activity of the P22 or P19 protein or its dosage or by host-specific effects of RNA mutations on infectivity (6, 38, 39, 42). ...
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Yeast interfering RNA larvicides targeting neural genes induce high rates of Anopheles larval mortality
... yeast interfering RNA ...yeast interfering RNA larvicides are ...yeast interfering RNA larvicides into integrated vector mosquito control ...yeast interfering RNA pel- lets could be used to ...
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How many antiviral small interfering RNAs may be encoded by the mammalian genomes?
... be perfectly or not perfectly matched, are further recog- nized by the cellular RNAi machinery which may result in silencing of the source gene for one of the above interacting RNAs. The complementary motifs in ...
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Effect of defective interfering particles on plus- and minus- strand leader RNAs in vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells.
... 3 Effect of Defective Interfering Particles on Plus- and MinusStrand Leader RNAs in Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Infected Cells MARK LEPPERT' AND DANIEL KOLAKOFSKY* Department of Cellular,[r] ...
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Structural and Genetic Requirements for the Biogenesis of Tobacco Rattle Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs
... noninoculated inflorescence tissue was not affected by single loss-of-function rdr mutations (Fig. 5A). Accordingly, accumu- lation of TRV genomic RNA in single rdr mutants was not substantially different from that in ...
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Noncoding RNAs in prostate cancer: the long and the short of it
... noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), is emerging as a key player in cancer initiation and progression and boasts many attractive features for both biomarker and therapeu- tic ...
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