snow on sea ice
The effects of additional black carbon on the albedo of Arctic sea ice: variation with sea ice type and snow cover
... in sea ice may affect surface albedo, knowledge of snow depth over sea ice and its variation seasonally and spatially is essen- ...tial. Snow depth measurements over sea ...
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Arctic Ocean sea ice snow depth evaluation and bias sensitivity in CCSM
... of sea ice found that snow on sea ice has two primary competing effects on the ice mass budget (Maykut and Untersteiner, ...the ice growth season, the presence of ...
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The effect of snow/sea ice type on the response of albedo and light penetration depth ( -folding depth) to increasing black carbon
... similar, snow- packs at Barrow Alaska: a hard snowpack, soft snowpack, in- land snow and snow on sea ...Greenland ice sheets considering the effect of increasing mass ratio of black ...
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Snow depth on Arctic sea ice from historical in situ data
... Beaufort Sea, Elson Lagoon and Chukchi Sea (Sturm et ...of snow on sea ice as a function of ice type, field experiments SIMMS’95 and C-ICE’96 in the Canadian Arctic have ...
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Algal hot spots in a changing Arctic Ocean: sea ice ridges and the snow ice interface
... of snow infiltration communities is to detect them since they are covered by snow and therefore not readily visible from the surface, except at the edge of ice floes (von Quillfeldt et ...for ...
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Measuring snow thickness over Antarctic sea ice with a helicopter borne 2 8 GHz FMCW radar
... validated snow thickness estimates over sea ice in Antarctica derived from a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave radar on a helicopter- borne ...and snow/ice interfaces allows for a ...
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Estimating the snow depth, the snow–ice interface temperature, and the effective temperature of Arctic sea ice using Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 and ice mass balance buoy data
... the ice mass bal- ance of the Arctic sea ice cover (Richter-Menge et ...the snow cover and sea ice, into the water and has temperature sensors lo- cated every 10 cm along the ...
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Arctic climate: changes in sea ice extent outweigh changes in snow cover
... in sea ice and snow cover ex- tents, the linear correlations between snow cover anomalies or sea ice extent anomalies and shortwave absorption anoma- lies are both approximately ...
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Biogeochemical impact of snow cover and cyclonic intrusions on the winter Weddell Sea ice pack
... the ice cover at some stations (Figure ...growing sea ice (Carnat et ...upper sea ice cover are rather typical of warming spring sea ice, leading to episodic brine ...
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Canadian snow and sea ice: assessment of snow, sea ice, and related climate processes in Canada's Earth system model and climate-prediction system
... Seasonal snow cover and sea ice are integral to the cul- tural identity, history, and economy of northern nations like ...and snow-covered regions, to larger-scale interactions with weather ...
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Canadian snow and sea ice: historical trends and projections
... terrestrial snow and sea ice across Canadian territory using the longest available time se- ries of validated gridded ...terrestrial snow vari- ables together for more robust trends and using ...
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Arctic Mission Benefit Analysis: impact of sea ice thickness, freeboard, and snow depth products on sea ice forecast performance
... the sea ice and the ocean state are routinely produced by coupled sea ice–ocean models that are driven by prescribed atmospheric ...of sea ice thickness (SIT) have been shown to ...
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Measuring snow thickness over Antarctic sea ice with a helicopter borne 2 8 GHz FMCW radar
... on sea ice? Accuracy of measurement of the instruments refers to the degree to which they are representative of the ...of snow over sea ice, this is not a clear ...denition; ...
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Impact of assimilating sea ice concentration, sea ice thickness and snow depth in a coupled ocean–sea ice modelling system
... years, sea-ice concentration was the only parameter used for assim- ilation into numerical sea-ice ...models. Sea-ice concentration can easily be observed by satellites, and ...
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Leads in Arctic pack ice enable early phytoplankton blooms below snow covered sea ice
... multiyear ice cover to a thinner and largely seasonal first-year ice cover with significant consequences for Arctic primary ...ponded sea ice during summer, indicating that satellite-based ...
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Three years of sea ice freeboard, snow depth, and ice thickness of the Weddell Sea from Operation IceBridge and CryoSat-2
... As snow loading is required for the conversion of freeboard to thickness, the reliable determination of sea ice thickness in the Antarctic remains a challenge largely due to uncertainties in ...
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The impact of snow depth, snow density and ice density on sea ice thickness retrieval from satellite radar altimetry: results from the ESA-CCI Sea Ice ECV Project Round Robin Exercise
... average ice thickness rather than the actual range of ice thickness values (see ...different ice types and ice surface properties im- pact the radar backscatter and the waveform (Zygmuntowska ...
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Snow-driven uncertainty in CryoSat-2-derived Antarctic sea ice thickness – insights from McMurdo Sound
... Modelled snow depths have been evaluated in previous work over Antarctic sea ice (Maksym and Markus, 2008), but the study produced precipitation data while this assessment takes the next step by ...
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Reflective properties of white sea ice and snow
... white ice were systematically mea- sured for various melting ice situations during the R/V Po- larstern cruise ARK-XXVII/3, 2 August–8 October 2012 (Is- tomina et ...the ice edge, and only in the ...
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Estimation of Antarctic land fast sea ice algal biomass and snow thickness from under ice radiance spectra in two contrasting areas
... between sea ice physical properties, ice algal absorbance spectra and under- ice irradiance spectra at similar times of the year, the aim of the present study is to develop and evaluate the ...
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