... Firstly, typeIinterferons are widely used for the treatment of chronic viral infections, mainly by hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus ...that typeIinterferons are not ...
... that typeI IFN negatively regulates CD8 ⫹ T-cell responses after DNA vacci- nation ...class I tetramer-positive CD8 ⫹ T cells between IFNAR and wild-type mice after FV infection (data not ...
... Type-Iinterferons (IFN-a/b) are potent cytokines that can be released from virtually all vertebrate cells follow- ing viral infection. They comprise a large number of IFN- a subspecies and a single ...
... of typeIinterferons were also detected in the ...As typeIinterferons have been reported to damp foreign gene expression in vivo, we examined the possibility that these local ...
... identify typeIinterferons (IFNs) as important regulators in developing anti- parasitic immunity in healthy volunteers infected for the first time with Plasmodium falciparum .... Type ...
... This type of immune response is crucial for the clearance of virus infection and for long-term protection against ...reinfection. TypeIinterferons (IFNs), the primary innate cytokines that ...
... TypeIinterferons induce a complex transcriptional program that leads to a generalized antiviral response against a large panel of viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ...
... TypeIinterferons (IFNs) appear to play major pathogenic roles in SLE [17] and their increased levels are reported in lupus blood and tissues ...that typeI IFNs induce abnormal ...
... TypeIinterferons alpha and beta (IFN- ␣ and IFN-  ) play key roles in both innate and adaptive immunity (17). Viral infection activates cellular signaling pathways through various pattern ...
... Construction of mutant viruses. (i) vK1L ⴚ C7L ⴚ /GFP ⴙ . vK1L ⫺ , a K1L dele- tion mutant of WR VACV, was described previously (19). vK1L ⫺ C7L ⫺ /GFP ⫹ was constructed by replacing the C7L gene of vK1L ⫺ with ...
... class I heavy chains, nonclassical class I molecules, and multiple cofactors involved in class I antigen processing ...class I upregulation in microglia following sublethal MHV-JHM infection ...
... Induction of IFN-α/β protein in liver. As IFN- α / β can have profound effects on cell trafficking (13–16) and on cytokines and chemokines (11, 12), liver IFN-α/β expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. Tissue ...
... Like other virus species, HIV encounters the antiviral effects of typeI IFN in infected individuals and has evolved multiple strategies to overcome these constraints. Some viral proteins, including Vpu and ...
... NK cells are a second line of SSM defense. The finding that IFNAR blockade did not increase MuHV-4 passage through SSM implied additional, IFN-I-independent restriction, before adap- tive immunity comes into play ...
... all typeI IFN family members remains ...a typeI IFN family member that is constitutively expressed by epithelial cells of the female reproductive tract and pro- tects from common sexually ...
... individual interferons [175-177]. How different interferons are able to produce different biological actions through the same receptor and highly conserved downstream signaling is not fully ...the ...
... cell type. However, we saw no differences in the typeI IFN induction phenotype for mam- and mos-RRV virus stocks, regardless of whether the virus stocks had equivalent capsid/glycoprotein signal, or ...
... immunity. TypeIinterferons (IFN) are essential for mounting efficient antiviral innate and adaptive immune responses, but in a recent study, North American PRRSV genotype 2 isolates did not induce, ...
... P athogens are sensed by pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of the mammalian innate immune system, which directly recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP), and also host-derived damage-associated ...
... including typeIinterferons, and express multiple costimulatory ligands; induction of a productive T cell response within lymph nodes; migration of activated T cells to the tumor microenvironment in ...