[PDF] Top 20 A kinetic model for runaway electrons in the ionosphere

... to model the ...1-D model of the ...2-D model is under study in order to include a perpendicu- lar electric field and the perpendicular motion of the charged ...our model, the time-evolution ... See full document

... a model of the ionospheric electron population of Jupiter’s moon Callisto using a prescribed neutral atmosphere composed of O 2 , CO 2 and H 2 ...A kinetic description of ionospheric suprathermal ... See full document

... with electrons has been studied in a flowing afterglow ...A kinetic model describing gas-phase chemistry and diffusion to the reactor walls was fitted to the experimental data, yielding a DR ... See full document

... real electrons with finite q and m, the Vlasov equation must be modified so that elements of the continuum follow trajectories of the Lorentz-Dirac ...a kinetic equation was introduced previously; 26 ... See full document

... of runaway electrons at midlatitudes, where most sprites have been ...the runaway beam from the vertical, so that the frequently observed vertical columnar structure of sprite is an indication that ... See full document

... Hot-tail runaway-electron generation If the time scale of the initial thermal quench in a disruption event is short enough – comparable to the collision time – the tail of the initial Maxwellian electron ... See full document

... Turbulent transport is one of the most critical issues for plasma confinement in magnetic fusion devices. The- oretical expressions for the turbulent transport due to the various instabilities were reviewed [1]. ... See full document

... the electrons in the electrojet, with temperatures up to about 4000 K at alti- tudes as low as 105 ...converting kinetic power from plasma convection in the near Earth ... See full document

... electron model has been limited to adiabatic electrons, and elec- tron transport in full- f gyrokinetic simulations has been an open issue for a long ...hybrid kinetic electron model for ... See full document

... tail electrons have been computed for different Ω ce /ω pe ratios and, interestingly, we find that the ADI can arise beyond the previously ex- pected parameter range, in particular where Ω ce < ω pe ...Our ... See full document

... important for applications of positrons in medicine. Assuming that a set of cross sections is sufficiently complete, we may proceed to model tracks of positrons in water vapour allowing also for assessment of ... See full document

... coupling model that provides, 18, the potential drop be- tween the magnetosphere and the polar cap ...cap ionosphere, we “launch” electrons with a Maxwellian distribution function with a temperature ... See full document

... downward-precipitating electrons from the hot, tenuous magnetospheric ...magnetospheric electrons into the ionosphere, thereby increasing both the current (number flux) and the kinetic energy ... See full document

... gyro-center model for runaway ...of runaway elections is found to be larger than the prediction of the gyro-center model and to depend heavily on the background magnetic ... See full document

... low-latitude ionosphere have dif- ferent degrees of importance, depending on the altitude re- gion and the local time under ...the ionosphere the principal neutral constituent is atomic oxygen, at least ... See full document

... transport model then proceeds to compute the plasma parameters for the next time step, using the electrodynamics provided by ...the ionosphere after the initial rise in conductivities a few tens of seconds ... See full document

... in Fig. 7a. We should point out that the individual dots rep- resent a significant uncertainty considering the complex pro- cedure to estimate electron energy spectra from combined PIXIE and UVI measurements, as ... See full document

... post-disruption phase are almost halved with respect to the unmitigated RE discharge without external field application when ∆φ = 45 ◦ , 90 ◦ . Similarly, the HXR signal decreases by a factor of ∼ 2 − 3 in less than 70 ... See full document

... energy fluxes calculated by MHD or electron ring current kinetic models, as those do not include 108.. the fluxes of backscattered superthermal electrons (SE) that can contribute to ion[r] ... See full document

... Recent investigations suggest that the wave-particle interactions in the solar wind can be dominated by the waves with short cross-field wavelengths, i.e. in the wavelength range of kinetic Alfven waves (Howes ... See full document