[PDF] Top 20 A Mutation in the 3′ Region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase (Y318F) Associated with Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance
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A Mutation in the 3′ Region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase (Y318F) Associated with Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance
... RT mutation P236L results in a 70-fold reduction in DLV susceptibility ...the region containing FIG. 2. The frequency of resistance mutations commonly associated with NNRTI resistance ... See full document
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Amino Acid Mutation N348I in the Connection Subdomain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Confers Multiclass Resistance to Nucleoside and Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
... NNRTI resistance, our molecular modeling anal- ysis is consistent with a hypothesis that the mutation is likely to affect the flexibility and mobility of the p66 thumb ...hinge region leads us to ... See full document
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mutagenesis during Antiviral Therapy: Impact of Drug-Resistant Reverse Transcriptase and Nucleoside and Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mutation Frequencies
... drug resistance muta- tions, the effects of drug-resistant mutants and combined drugs on HIV-1 mutation frequencies were ...was associated with a decrease in susceptibility to all NNRTIs ... See full document
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The K65R Mutation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Exhibits Bidirectional Phenotypic Antagonism with Thymidine Analog Mutations
... coding region (amino acids 1 to 560) of RT by RT-PCR, purifying the PCR product (Wizard PCR Purification System; Promega, Madison, ...an inhibitor were added in triplicate to P4/R5 cells (provided by ... See full document
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An in vivo mutation from leucine to tryptophan at position 210 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase contributes to high-level resistance to 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine.
... of Sayers et al. (47). In our modifications, pT7T319U phagemid recombinants rather than M13 recombinants were the initial single-stranded templates and PvuI or NciI was the nicking enzyme. pMQ was mutagenized by using ... See full document
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Construction and Characterization of a Temperature-Sensitive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Mutant
... progeny virus production at ...mt1 mutation might be located within a poten- tial ts region of the HIV-1 RT and that the four-residue ... See full document
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In Vitro Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Protease Region and Maintenance of Reverse Transcriptase Resistance following Prolonged Drug Exposure
... a mutation from alanine to valine was observed in 4 of 10 clones at position (P2) of the p7-p1 cleav- age site, and this mutation was always linked to M46I in the ...Figure 1 shows the tree obtained ... See full document
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Subtype-Specific Differences in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Connection Subdomain of CRF01_AE Are Associated with Higher Levels of Resistance to 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine
... To determine which AE RT domain(s) enhanced AZTMP excision, vectors containing chimeric B/AE RTs were tested for their ability to carry out AZTMP excision (Fig. 4E and F). The percentage of the labeled primer that was ... See full document
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Novel mutation in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase gene that encodes cross-resistance to 2',3'-dideoxyinosine and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine.
... In contrast, viruses derived from subjects 1266 and 1241, who had been treated with ddl for 4 and 5 months, respectively, contained only the wild-type form of codon 184 lanes F and G, re[r] ... See full document
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Genotypic Correlates of Phenotypic Resistance to Efavirenz in Virus Isolates from Patients Failing Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Therapy
... The reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is both critical to the life cycle of HIV and is without a homologue in eukaryotic ... See full document
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Incorporation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase into Virus-Like Particles
... homology region (MHR) in ...truncation mutation in the gag coding ...into virus-like ...of virus-associated Gag and RT in each sample were quantified by scanning immunoblot band ...of ... See full document
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Chemical barriers to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: retrovirucidal activity of UC781, a thiocarboxanilide nonnucleoside inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
... enhance virus infectivity during sexual contact (27, 28), as well as diminished reverse transcription following virus entry into the ...viral resistance would not develop since the drug would ... See full document
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High-Level Resistance to 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythimidine due to a Deletion in the Reverse Transcriptase Gene of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... contained the T69G mutation (Table 1). A recent abstract also reported the emergence of a deletion at codon 67 in associa- tion with a T69G change during combination therapy with 3TC, D4T, and IND (L. Ross, ... See full document
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Involvement of Novel Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Mutations in the Regulation of Resistance to Nucleoside Inhibitors
... in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) whose role in drug resistance is still unknown by analyzing 1,906 plasma-derived ... See full document
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3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine (AZT) and AZT-Resistant Reverse Transcriptase Can Increase the In Vivo Mutation Rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... HIV-1 mutation rate. A series of HIV-1 RT variants that confer AZT resistance was tested for their ability to influence the HIV-1 mutant ...AZT resistance, were tested: T215Y, ... See full document
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The Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor MIV-150 in Carrageenan Gel Prevents Rectal Transmission of Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Macaques
... The virus stocks were grown for a limited number of passages in vitro, and sequencing confirmed that they were clonal and wild type in RT at the time of challenge (unpublished data) as expected (47, ...drug ... See full document
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Hypersusceptibility to Substrate Analogs Conferred by Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... all reverse transcriptases and RNA-dependent viral polymerases (Fig. 1) (4, 21, ...(Fig. 1). Although a few mutations in HIV-1 RT motif B have been shown to confer drug resistance (25, ... See full document
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Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to Protease Inhibitors on Reverse Transcriptase Processing, Activity, and Drug Sensitivity
... man immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in treated patients, particularly when used in combination with other antiretroviral agents, has been extensively documented ... See full document
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Mutants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Reverse Transcriptase Resistant to Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Demonstrate Altered Rates of RNase H Cleavage That Correlate with HIV-1 Replication Fitness in Cell Culture
... One resistance mutation, Y181C, showed an alteration in the relative distribution of primary and secondary RNase H cleavage ...DNA 3⬘-end-directed RNase H ... See full document
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The M184V Mutation in the Reverse Transcriptase of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Impairs Rescue of Chain-Terminated DNA Synthesis
... a 1:2 molar ratio of RT and the nucleic acid ...unmodified 3⬘-OH terminus and might help to explain the fact that the primer was quan- titatively ...pyrophosphorolysis associated with this ... See full document
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