[PDF] Top 20 On estimating local long term climate trends

... and climate disruption at a level that poses a threat to society is ...on climate sensitivity that is defined as the equilibrium change in the annual mean global surface temperature following a sustained ... See full document

... possible long dis- tance spatial and/or temporal dependence introduced by climatic episodes such as El Niño, La Niña, the North Atlantic Oscillation, and other large-scale cli- matic ...significant trends ... See full document

... The decadal tendency in the recent era is shown in Fig. 2, as snow depth anomalies between the 1996–2010 period mi- nus those in the 1981–1995 period. In April, the region with the strongest snow depth decrease is the ... See full document

... on Climate Change (IPCC) states that climate change has been observed and is a reality (Solomon et ...of climate change and associated impacts such as sea level rise and changing weather means that ... See full document

... and climate change, particularly in the upper ...examine long-term changes in daily variation as derived from hourly mean values from 14 geomagnetic observatories around the ... See full document

... Two-way dialogue is likely to encourage greater local ownership of climate information. This can help to addresses ethical concerns about externally imposed agendas and is cited as a key reason behind the ... See full document

... Scientific advances often take place when science of one field is merged with another. This type of interdisciplinary research involves the integration of different tools, skill sets, knowledge, and problem solving ... See full document

... Total employment growth is projected to slightly out- pace the rate of change for the civilian labor force in El Paso (Table 3). As a consequence of that scenario, the unemployment rate trends downward over the ... See full document

... We present three models for statistically estimating non-linear trends in groundwater levels. The first model is an autoregressive model, in which a past moving average of the dependant variable is included ... See full document

... The NAA transmitter has been transmitting with 1 MW output power since 1961, and has changed frequency only once, from 17.8 kHz to 24.0 kHz in 1983. Receiver system setup, and receiver amplitude calibration uncer- ... See full document

... the climate in terms of its statistical characteristics for the 10-year period 1979–1988 over ...for climate simulations, (ii) how large the differences to the driving data are, and (iii) whether there are ... See full document

... autotrophic water mass will also increase, and DIC will in- crease as POC decomposes (i.e., heterotrophic water), caus- ing acidification (e.g., Sunda and Cai, 2012; Duarte et al., 2013). In most coastal regions with low ... See full document

... Changing winter conditions in catchments where stable snow packs and single snow melt episodes used to be com- mon thus seem to affect nitrate leaching in opposite ways. In areas with significant inputs of atmospheric N, ... See full document

... of long-wavelength crustal anomalies of all three components at the Earth’s surface obtained from the MF4x model (Lesur and Maus, 2006) in ...because local, short-wavelength anomalies are not detected by ... See full document

... these trends can be explained by the effect of climate, particularly that related to winter conditions as measured by the ...European climate over both short and long time periods, ... See full document

... temperature trends there are discrepancies between reconstructions, which indicate limited, non-significant continent-scale temperature trends, and the warming trends simulated by historical ... See full document

... time trends, and estimation on sub-samples partitioned over time and ...of climate (that is, long-run trends in temperature) on slave exports, and find effects that are the same in sign and ... See full document

... INCA-C was able to simulate the pattern of surface-water [DOC] in the Valkea-Kotinen catchment as a function of tem- perature and precipitation. This may be somewhat fortuitous. Valkea-Kotinen is recovering from ... See full document

... many climate analyses that employ modeled temperature averages ...that local-scale, short-term temperatures in the gardens are quite variable, although long-term average temperatures in ... See full document

... and local new entrants and promoting better credit culture of the credit to facilitate the access to the finance, associated with more effective prudential ... See full document