[PDF] Top 20 Sustained Induction of NF-κB Is Required for Efficient Expression of Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
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Sustained Induction of NF-κB Is Required for Efficient Expression of Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... transcriptionally latent, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviruses currently pose an insurmountable barrier to viral eradication in infected ...the ... See full document
14
Activation of Transcription Factors NF-κB and NF-IL-6 by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protein R (Vpr) Induces Interleukin-8 Expression
... the expression of IL-8 through the activation of transcription factors NF-B and ...of NF-B or NF-IL-6 for the induction of a proinflammatory ...by NF-B or NF-IL-6, and ... See full document
8
Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase Type IV Suppresses Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication and Cytokine Production in Primary T Cells: Involvement of NF-κB and NFAT
... gene expression in transformed Jurkat T cells ...with NF-kB and binds to the core enhancer element (2104 to 281) instead of the NFAT site of the LTR (2255 to ...of NF-kB, NFAT, and Ets has been ... See full document
9
Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat Promoter by Conversion of an NF-κB Enhancer Element into a GABP Binding Site
... of NF-kB, we also analyzed the promoter constructs in the Jurkat T-cell ...higher NF-kB levels in the latter cell type ...the NF-kB ...stimulates NF-kB binding activity in the nucleus, ... See full document
10
Synergistic Activation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Promoter Activity by NF-κB and Inhibitors of Deacetylases: Potential Perspectives for the Development of Therapeutic Strategies
... TNF-induced NF-B DNA- binding activity, whereas TSA (or NaBut) alone caused no induction of ...a sustained nuclear p65 presence as revealed by immuno- blotting and confocal immunofluorescence ...the ... See full document
13
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TAR element revertant viruses define RNA structures required for efficient viral gene expression and replication.
... revertant virus suggested that restoration of the TAR RNA bulge structure was the primary mechanism which in- creased the level of HIV-1 gene ...tat induction, computer analysis of the TAR RNA ... See full document
8
The Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56lck Is Required for Triggering NF-κB Activation upon Interaction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope Glycoprotein gp120 with Cell Surface CD4
... a 1/50 dilution of fluores- ceinated goat anti-mouse (GAM) Ig ...Fig. 1. As expected, no CD4 expression was detected on HeLa p56 lck , which was only transfected with the pBabe/Hygro ... See full document
8
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Genome Activation Induced by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Protein Is through Cooperation of NF-κB and Tat
... of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV- 1) in T lymphocytes is modulated by HIV-1 early regulatory proteins such as Tat, Rev, and Nef (9, ...HIV- 1 ... See full document
6
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 ICP27-Dependent Activation of NF-κB
... between NF- B activation, namely p65 nuclear translocation, and the loss of I B ␣ after HSV ...of NF- B. Virus binding and entry into the cell were not sufficient for I B ␣ degradation, based ... See full document
14
IRF-1 Is Required for Full NF-κB Transcriptional Activity at the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat Enhancer
... distal NF- B sites were ...with NF- B, we carried out gel retardation assays using double-stranded DNA probes corresponding to the LTR B enhancer and total cell extracts from HEK293 cells expressing ... See full document
10
Vpr Is Required for Efficient Nef Expression from Unintegrated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA
... enhances expression from integrase-defective HIV-1 and that the enhancement is dependent on the presence of the HIV-1 ...Sp1, NF- B, and glucocorticoid response element binding sites (3, 54, ... See full document
9
Exon 1 leader sequences downstream of U5 are important for efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression.
... gene expression to generate the trans-activator Tat (23, 24). The exon 1-derived 106-bp leader sequence downstream of the U5 region (lsdU5) that is present in all HIV-1 transcripts was identified to ... See full document
8
Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax Inhibits Innate Antiviral Signaling via NF-κB-Dependent Induction of SOCS1
... the expression of SOCS1. Since it was previ- ously demonstrated that HTLV-1 antagonizes type I IFN sig- naling (7), we examined the expression of SOCS1, a potent inhibitor of IFN signaling, in ... See full document
8
Rab9 GTPase Is Required for Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Filoviruses, and Measles Virus
... Marburg virus-infected cells, suggesting that Rab9 is utilized in Marburg ...in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, previous reports suggested that the late endosome is an ... See full document
10
Induction of Bcl-xL Expression by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Tax through NF-κB in Apoptosis-Resistant T-Cell Transfectants with Tax
... an NF-B binding motif (GGGACTTCC) similar to the one in the immunoglob- ulin promoter, which was located at positions ⫺848 to ⫺840 of the bcl-x promoter in an inverted ...Tax expression plasmid or control ... See full document
7
CD63 Is Not Required for Production of Infectious Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Human Macrophages
... Reagents and antibodies. Tissue culture medium and supplements were ob- tained from Invitrogen (Paisley, United Kingdom), and tissue culture plastic was from TPP (Trasadingen, Switzerland). All chemicals were from ... See full document
11
Interleukin-7 Induces Expression of Latent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 with Minimal Effects on T-Cell Phenotype
... HIV type 1 (HIV-1) to achieve and maintain active replication ...of latent HIV-1 and to define its action on quiescent human cell populations known to harbor latent ... See full document
6
Cooperation of Multiple CCR5 Coreceptors Is Required for Infections by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... the virus, only a small proportion of the virions would occur in infection-competent complexes at any instant and the infection would proceed ...of virus inactivation (or dissociation), all of the adsorbed ... See full document
11
Nuclear Export of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Is Not Required for Virion Packaging
... Having found that HIV-1 Vpr shuttles and that the L68A mutation blocks export, we were in a position to address whether virion packaging is dependent on nuclear export. 293T monolayers were therefore cotransfected ... See full document
5
Induction and Suppression of NF-κB Signalling by a DNA Virus of Drosophila
... two NF- B pathways in Drosophila: Toll and Imd, which primarily function in antibacterial (Toll, Gram positive, and Imd, Gram negative) and antifungal (Toll) defense, although both provide protection against ... See full document
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