Afilesystembackupcanonlybe performedformounted(active)filesystems.
Variousfilesystemsareoftenbackedupatdifferentintervalsfromeachotheror fromthevolume grouporsystembackup,because thedataindifferentfile systemsischangedatdifferentintervals.
Becausefilesystemsarecontainedinthesystemand volumegroupbackups,you do notneed tobackthemupseparately, unlessyouwanttobackupthis data independentlyormorefrequently.
All filesanddirectoriesinthefilesystemsare includedinthebackupunlessyou specifythemintheexcludelist.Ifthemountpointofafilesystemtobe backedup isalsointheexcludelist,thebackupofthefilesystem continues,butnofiles in thefilesystemare included.
Before performinga filesystembackup,logintothesystemasa rootuser.This ensures thatyouhavetheappropriatepermissionstoreadallof thefilesin thefile systems.
Tobackuponeormorefilesystems:
1. FromtheBackupOptionsmenu,selectBackupfilesystems.
Note: Froma commandline, type smitsb_mkfsback.
2. Selecta filesystemfromthelistof filesystem mountpoints.Toselecta single filesystem,highlightadirectoryand pressEnter. Toselectmultiplefile systems,highlighteachdirectoryand pressF7.Whenyou’ve madeallyour selections,pressEnter.
3. On theDevice Selectorscreen,highlightthedeviceyouwanttouseand press Enter.
4. Oneofthefollowingscreensisdisplayed.Thesescreensshowthedefault optionsandvaluesavailablewhenyoubackuptoeitheralocaltapedriveora diskimagefile.
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Thefields havethefollowingdefinitions:
BackupDataHostname
Thisfieldcontains thehostnameofthebackupserveronwhich theselectedbackupdeviceorfileexists.Youmayeditthisfield asnecessarytospecifyathehostnameofaremotesystem not listedinthedeviceselectordialogscreen. Thisisusefulwhen initiatinga PullBackup.
Device name Thedevice,ifatapedriveorvirtualdevicewas selected.You
Backup a Filesystem
Type or select valuesin entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER makingall desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Backup Data Hostname hambone.austin.ibm.com
Device name /dev/rmt0
Report output type progress indicator +
Forward to End of TapeBefore Starting Backup no +
Rewind tape beforestarting backup? yes +
Compress data beforewriting to media? no +
Incremental backuplevel (0=full) [] #
User description []
Buffer size (in Kbytes) [64] +#
Preserve physical partitionmapping? no +
Device name for remotevolume prompt []
* Filesystem(s) (directorynames) [/tivoli] +/
[MORE]
F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel F4=List
F5=Reset F6=Command F7=Edit F8=Image
F9=Shell F10=Exit Enter=Do
Figure4-6.DefaultOptionsandValuesAvailableWhenBackingUptoaLocalTapeDrive
Backup a Filesystem
Type or select valuesin entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER makingall desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Backup Data Hostname hambone.austin.ibm.com
Images directory /sysback.images/fatrat>
* Backup file ID [03071032]
Dynamically CreatedBackup File ID no +
Report output type progress indicator +
Compress data beforewriting to media? yes +
Incremental backuplevel (0=full) [] #
User description []
Host read permission all hosts +
User read permission all users +
Buffer size (in Kbytes) [64] +#
Preserve physical partitionmapping? no +
Overwrite existingbackup with same ID? no +
* Filesystem(s) (directorynames) [/tivoli] +/
[MORE]
F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel F4=List
F5=Reset F6=Command F7=Edit F8=Image
F9=Shell F10=Exit Enter=Do
Figure4-7.DefaultOptionsandValuesAvailableWhenBackingUptoDiskImageFile
mayeditthis fieldasnecessarytospecifya deviceonaremote systemnotlistedinthedeviceselectordialogscreen. Thisis usefulwheninitiatinga PullBackup.
Imagesdirectory
Thedirectoryname,if previouslyselected.Youcannotchange thisfieldfromthisscreen.
Createa Backup?
Default=no.UseTabtochangethisfieldto“yes”ifyouwant thisbackuptobea “Power”backup.APowerbackupbacksup allfilesystemsas“raw”logicalvolumes,whichusually
providesmuchbetterbackupandrestoreperformance,but imposesthefollowinglimitations:
v Youcanrestoreonlyrawlogicalvolumesfromthisbackup.
Therefore,whenchoosingtorestoredatafromthebackup, youwillbe allowedtorestoreonlyanentirelogicalvolume andonlyifitisinactive.Becauseofthis,youcannotrestore anyindividualfilesordirectories,onlyentirefilesystems;
andnofilesystems,suchas/,/usrand/varcanbe restored sincetheyare alwaysactive.
v Becauseallfilesystemsarebackedupasrawlogical
volumes, theentirelogicalvolumeisbackedupevenif only one–fourthofthefilesystemisused.Ifthis werethecase withall filesystems,thebackupand installationwouldlikely takelongerthannormal.
v Wheninstallingor recreatingvolumegroupsorlogical volumesfromthisbackup, youcannotchangethefollowing attributes:
– Anyfilesystem attributes – Logicalvolume name – Logicalvolume size
– Thevolumegroupinwhichyouwanttocreatea logical volume
BackupfileID
Default=date/time(MMDDhhmm).Uniquelyidentifiesthe backup.Youcanchangethisfieldtoanyvaluebutitcannot containsingle(’)ordouble(″)quotes.Thisfieldisactiveonly whenyoubackuptoa diskimagefile.
DynamicallyCreatedBackupFileID
Generatesa dynamicbackupfileID.Thisoptionusesthesame currentdateandtimevaluesat thetimeofcommandexecution astheID. IfadynamicbackupfileIDalreadyexistsandthis optionissetto“yes”,theexistingIDisoverwritten.
Reportoutputtype
Default=progressindicator.Keep thedefaultvalue ifyouwant todisplayaprogressindicatorduringthebackupprocess, whichindicatestheapproximatetotalbackuptimeandamount completed.PressTabtoselect“filelist” ifyouwanttodisplay alistoffiles astheyare beingbackedup,orTaboncemoreto show“onlyerrors”thatoccur duringthebackup.
Compressdatabeforewritingtomedia?
Default=“no”fortapesand “yes”fordiskimagebackups.Press
Tabto changetheoption.“yes”indicatesthatthedatawillbe compressedbeforeitiswrittentothebackupmedia.
Compressingthedatausuallyincreasesbackupperformance andusesbetween25and40%lessspaceonthemedia.For best performance,donotselectthisoptionifthebackupdevice providesitsownhardwaredatacompression.Compressing datawithsoftwareusesconsiderablymoreCPU cyclesto processthedata.
Incrementalbackuplevel(0=full)
Default=(Blank/None).Toperformanincremental backupof thevolumegroup,enteranincrementallevel.Level 0indicates abackupofallfiles andlogicalvolumes.Leavingthisfield blankalsobacksupall filesandlogicalvolumesbutthe previouslevel0incrementalbackupinformation,ifany,isnot overwritten.Referto“UnderstandingIncrementalBackups”on page4-1foradditionaldetails.
Userdescription
Default=(Blank/None).Enterupto60charactersofdescriptive informationtoaddtothevolume labelonthebackup. Donot usesingle (’)ordouble(″)quotationmarksinthedescription.
Host readpermission
Default=allhosts.Bydefault,allhosts withaccesstothesystem onwhichthisfileiswritten havepermissiontoread,orrestore from,thisimage.PressTabtolimitread permissiontothe originalhostortheserveronwhichthefileiswritten. This optionisdisplayedonlywhenyoubackuptoa diskimagefile.
Userreadpermission
Default=allusers.By default,anyuserona hostwithaccessto thesystemanddirectoryonwhichthis fileiswrittenhas permissionto read,orrestorefrom,thisimage.PressTabto limitthereadpermissiontoonlytheoriginaluser,therootuser ontheoriginalhost,ortheservertowhichthefileiswritten.
Thisoption isdisplayed onlywhenyoubackuptoadisk imagefile.
Rewindtapebeforestarting backup?
Default=yes.PressEntertorewindthetapebefore thebackup begins.Ifyouare placingmultiple backupimagesontoa single tape,then select“no”toplacethisbackuponthetapeatthe currentlocation.Thisoptionisdisplayedonlywhenyouback uptoatapedevice.Forasystem backup,tapebootinformation isplacedonthetapeatthebeginningofthefirst backup.This informationisnotplacedonthetapeforsubsequent backups.
Note: Ifthis isthefirst backuptothis tape,orifyouhave restartedthesystem,reinsertedthetape,orchangedthe tapedriveblocksize,youshouldselecttorewindthe tape. Onlyifyoucompletedanotherbackupandhave notperformedanyofthese functionswillthetapebe positioned correctlyat theendoftheprevious backup image.
Forward toEndofTape BeforeStartingBackup
ForwardstotheendofthelastSysBackbackuponthetapefor allbackuptypes.Usethis optionwhenstackingmultiple
backupsonatapethathasbeen rewoundorejected.Alsouse thisoptionwhenthesystemhasbeenrestartedorwhenthe blocksizeofthetapedriverhasbeenchangedfromthelast backup.
Buffersize(InKbytes)
Default=64.Changingthis valueeitherincreasesordecreases theamountofdatathatiswrittentotheoutputdeviceina singleI/Ooperation.Somedeviceswith smallbuffers might requireyoutoreducethisvalue,whileotherdeviceswith very largebufferscanbenefitfromincreasedperformance by increasingthisvalue.Ifyouareunsure,usethedefaultvalue.
Thisvalue mustbe amultiple ofthetapeblocksize.
Preservephysical partitionmapping?
Default=no.Selecting“yes”tothis optionensuresthatall logicalvolumeswillberecreatedfromthisbackupusingthe samephysicalpartitionsthatare currentlyallocatedtothem.
Unlessthelogicalvolumeswereoriginallycreatedusing physicalpartitionmaps,itisgenerallyrecommended thatthey notberecreatedusingthesame partitions,because this
preservesfragmentationthatdevelopsovertimeaslogical volumesandfilesystemsexpand.
Whenyourecreateavolume grouporlogicalvolume or
performa systeminstallation,youcanchoosewhetherornotto usethepriorpartitionmap. Iftheoriginalphysicalvolumesdo notexistorarenotlargeenoughtocontainthesamepartitions, thelogicalvolumeswillberecreatedwithoutusingthemaps.
Devicename forremotevolumeprompt
Default=(Blank/None).EnteraTTY,LFTorPTSdevicenameto sendthevolumeprompttoa specifieddeviceratherthantothe currentSMITscreen.Ifyouarebackinguptoa remotehost, thedevicenameyouspecifyisattachedto theremotehost.
Thisfieldisdisplayedonlywhenthebackupdeviceisa tape driveorvirtualdevice.
Examplesofdevicenamesare /dev/tty0,/dev/lft0and /dev/pts/5.
Youcandeterminetheterminaldevicenamebytypingttyat thecommandlineonthatdevice.
OverwriteexistingbackupwithsameID?
Default=no.IftheBackupFile IDfieldcontainsa valuealready usedforanexistingsystembackup,changethis fieldto“yes”
bypressingTab. Doingsoindicatesthatyouwanttooverwrite thepreviousbackupwiththisbackup.Afteryoubeginthis backup,thepriordisk imagefilesare removedandcannotbe recovered.Thisfieldisdisplayedonlywhenyoubackuptoa diskimagefile.
HostnametoBackup
Thehostnameofthebackupsystem,themachinethatwillsend itsdatatothedatadestinationserver.
ExcludeListFileName
SpecifythefullqualifiedpathandfilenameofaSysBack excludelist.Ifthisfieldisleftblank,thebackupprocess will processthecontentsof /usr/lpp/sysback/.exclude_list
automatically.
Temporaryworkspacedirectory
Default=blank.Specify thefullyqualified directorynameof the locationwhereyouwould likeSysBacktocreateitstemporary workfilesduringthis process.Workfilescreateddirectlyby SysBackprogramswillbegeneratedinthespecifiedlocation.
AnyAIXcommandsthatSysBackmaycallwillbeunaffected bythisoption.Ifnodirectoryisspecified,thedefaultwork spacelocationis/tmp.
Filecontaininga listofdatato bebackedup
Default=blank.Specify thefullyqualified pathandfilenameto afilethatcontainsa listoftheitemsthatyouwouldliketo backup.
Thisoption isrequiredwhenyouattemptingtospecifyentities thatcannotbe displayedonthecurrentdisplayscreensuchas whenusinganASCII terminal.
Thisoption mayalsobe usedwhenthepathandfilenamesof thebackupobjectsare solongthatthecommandlengthplus thebackupobjectspecificationlengthexceedthe255character limitationfortheAIXcommandline.
Note: Thisuseofwildcardsinthis listisnotsupported.
Inallothercases,useofthisoption isnotrequiredasthe specificationvolumegroupsisindicatedinthefieldFilesystem (s)(directorynames).
Whenspecifying afilelist,thefilemust beformattedsuchthat eachlineof thefileincludesthefullyqualifiedpathofonlyone file,directory,logicalvolume,filesystem,or volumegroup name.
Note: Thisoptionmust alsobeusedwhenyouarespecifyinga volume groupnamethathas:
v aspaceinthename
v charactersinthenamethatareinterpretedbytheshell asspecial.For example:@,*,$.
v DBCScharactersinthename
Specifyinga volumegroupnamewiththese
characteristicsintheFilesystem(s)(directorynames) fieldwillcausetheprocess toerror.However, ifyouare specifying atopleveldirectoryasthedatatobackup, and itssubdirectories orfileshavespecialcharacters, spaces,orDBCScharacters,thereisnoneed toplace themina file.They willbe backedupautomatically.
Filesystem(s)(directorynames)
Thefilesystemmountpoints (directories)selectedonthefirst selectionscreen,eachseparatedbyspaces.Youcanchangethe listbyadding orremovingfilesystems,oryoucanpressF4to listthemountedfilesystemsonthesystemand useF7toselect oneormorefromthelist.Allfilesystemsinthisfield,unless includedin theexcludelist,areincludedinthisbackup.
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Directorynamesshouldbe specifiedrelativetotheroot(/) directory.
5. Afterconfirmingtheaboveentries, makesurethebackupmedia isproperly insertedinthedriveandpressEntertobeginthebackup.
Note: Ifyouare backinguptoatapedrive,thetapewillNOT berewoundupon completionofthebackup. Thisenablesadditionalbackupstobe performed (alsowithoutrewinding),thereby“stacking”thebackupsontoa singletape.