LISTENING, PAGE 418

1. Gist Question Answer choice D is correct. The student says that her grade was low for the last exam and she wanted to know if there was anything she could do about it. Answer choice A is incorrect because retaking the exam was the student’s suggestion, not the professor’s. Answer choice B is incorrect because the professor asked her to explain why the grade was low, but she did not go to see him in order to explain. Answer choice C is incorrect because she did not miss any exam.

2. Function Question Answer choice A is correct. The expression “as to” means

“concerning,” and the professor refers to her original question, which they discussed earlier. Answer choice B is incorrect because he does not follow his statement with reinforcement of anything, but adds new information. Answer choice C is not right because he understands what the question was and does not need clarification.

Answer choice D is incorrect because he is not asking the student a new question, but referring to her earlier question.

3. Detail Question Answer choices B and C are correct. The professor says that the final is worth half of the grade for the course, and the three unit exams make up the

other half. Answer choice A is not right because there are three unit exams, not just one. Answer choice D is incorrect because the professor says that the homework assignments aren’t graded.

4. Detail Question Answer choice B is correct. The professor says that the final is a cumulative final exam covering all the material in the course. Answer choices A, C, and D the professor states a cumulative final exam covering all the material in the course.

5. Detail Question Answer choice D is correct. The professor asks the student to come to [his] office hours… with specific questions about the last unit exam. Answer choice A is incorrect because the final will cover all of the class material; she cannot forget about the last exam. Answer choice B is incorrect because when the student suggests retaking the exam, he says that he does not do that. Answer choice C is incorrect because he does not mention another student.

6. Gist Question Answer choice B is correct. The professor begins the topic saying we’ll be discussing the formation of four major mountain ranges around the world, and she describes them later as the big ones and the tall mountain ranges of today’s world. Answer choice A is incorrect because the professor does not say that any of the four mountain ranges she discusses are among the world’s oldest. Answer choice C is incorrect because the professor does not describe four stages, but four different examples and processes. Answer choice D is not right because the methods of proving that mountains are rising are not discussed.

7. Detail Question

The Alps and the Himalayas can be considered parts of the same mountain range.

YES

Both mountain ranges were formed when the Eurasian plate collided with the southern plate. NO

Both mountain ranges continue to rise and get taller. YES Both mountain ranges are older than the Andes. NO

The professor says that the Alps and Himalayas are actually part of the same 7,000-mile mountain system. The ranges were formed by not one southern plate, but two different plates colliding with the Eurasian plate. The Alps were formed by the collision with Africa, and the Himalayas by the collision with India. The professor says that both mountain ranges are… getting taller and taller. According to the lecture, the Andes are 65 million years old, but the Himalayas and Alps are 80 million years old.

8. Detail Question Answer choices A, B, and E are correct. Answer choice A is correct because the professor says that the Rockies are 100 million years old, while the Andes are 65 million, and the Alps/Himalayas are 80 million years old. Answer choice B is correct because the professor says that the North American plate

eventually rode up and over another tectonic plate. This means that one plate slid on top of another. Answer choice E is right because the professor says now the Rocky Mountains are no longer growing, but only being torn down. Answer choice C is incorrect because the professor does not mention volcanic action when she

discusses the Rocky Mountains. Answer choice D is incorrect because the professor does not say that they are part of the same range as the Andes.

9. Organization Question Answer choice A is correct. The professor poses the question of why the Rocky Mountains are so far from the edge of the North

American continental plate. She then discusses how a stiff doormat behaves if you push it against something to explain the answer. Answer choice B is incorrect because the professor does not discuss the doormat in relation to the Himalayas.

Answer choice C is incorrect because although the professor makes this statement

about the Alps and Himalayas, she does not explain it with the example of the doormat. Answer choice D is incorrect because the example is not used to explain the ages of the mountain ranges.

10. Detail Question Answer choice A is correct. The professor says one tectonic plate is sliding under another… in a process called subduction, and subduction zones generally produce chains of volcanic mountains or islands. Answer choice B is incorrect because the professor does not describe the process as crushing up.

Answer choice C is incorrect because subduction does not involve both plates lifting.

Answer choice D is incorrect because subduction does not result from plates pulling apart.

11. Relationships Question Answer choices B and D are correct. Answer choice B is correct because the professor says that the Andes will also continue to get higher and higher. Answer choice D is correct because the professor describes the volcanic formation in some detail. Answer choice A is incorrect because they are younger than the other mountain ranges. Answer choice C is incorrect because the professor says that one plate is diving down into the hotter layer underneath the crust. This means that one plate does not sit atop another.

SPEAKING, PAGE 422 Question 2, p. 423

Sample Notes

Reading Passage Listening Passage

Top: Nullification = import early hist of U.S.

= states believed they could reject fed laws (fed believe X)

Top: Examples of attempt nullification Ex 1: 1828 Congress pass law: new tax on

import

—S. Carolina (state) votes X to pay tax (=

nullify law)

—Pres deny right 2 null, prepares 2 send troops

Compromise = S. Carol agrees to pay taxes (X renounce right)

Ex 2: 1859 Wisconsin (north state) null fugitive slave act (FSA)

(FSA = return escaped slave 2 owner, even free state)

U.S. Supreme Court: X state can nullify fed law

Civ War gov enforce X null

Sample Answer

The text and the lecture explain the issue of nullification. This is when a state decides to nullify, or reject a law passed by the national government. The lecturer explained two situations where states tried to nullify a national law. One was a southern state that tried to nullify an import tax, but eventually compromised when the president threatened to send troops. The other situation was when a free state tried to nullify a law that said fugitive slaves had to be returned to owners, even if they escaped all of the way to a free state. The U.S. Supreme Court declared this illegal. The listening passage emphasized that the American Civil War ended the attempts to nullify laws.

Question 3, p. 424

Prob: M—chance 4 intern position w/ Dr. Collins, conflict w/ soccer S1: Dr. C. internship = work man wants to do 4 grad schl, get head start S2: W—soccer, 3 yrs, champ, last year/chance,

import for M 2 relax, intern w/ Dr. Roberts < perfect Op: soccer, Dr. Roberts

Sample Answer

The problem that the man has is that he has the opportunity for an internship with one professor, which conflicts with soccer. So he has to choose between an internship that is perfect for his graduate studies and not playing intramural soccer, or another less perfect internship but playing. I think I would choose soccer and the second internship because college isn’t only about studies. It’s also about making lifelong friendships and doing the activities of that time of your life. It’s a way for him to relax, and he’s part of the team. In my opinion, being part of that group and maintaining those friendships are more important than an internship.