Measured crop performance small grain 1953

(1)

(2)

MEASURED CROP PERFORMANCE

Wheet • Oats - Barley

1953

By

.:..

M. G. McKenzIe, Jr.~ Research Instructor

w.

H. Rankin~ Research Associate Professor,

In Charge Crop Variety Testing

This release presents the report of the North Carolina Officiaj Small Grain

Variety Tests for the

1952-1953

season.

The objective of these tests is to obtain performance information on

com-mercially avai table varieties and to evaluate newer strains and varieties that may have possibi Ilties of replacing those now in general production.

Test Locations

Five field tests were conducted to represent the different soi land cl imatic conditions and these locations are shown on a map of the state. From simi lar tests conducted for severaJ seasons it is possibJe to predict which varieties are most

likely to produce consistently high yields in a given area. Such a I ist, better

known as "recommended varieties", is shown directly under the map for the three

geographic regions.

These tests were carried out on privately operated farms and branch experi-ment stations as fol lows:

I. Mountain Branch Experiment Station~ Haywood County, Waynesvil Ie.

11. Farm of W. J. McAteer, Union County, Monroe.

Ill. Farm of G. D~ Pearson, Rockingham County, Reidsvil Ie. IV. Tobacco Research Farm, Columbus County~ Whitevil Ie.

(3)

Agencies Sponsoring Entries

Coker Pedigreed Seed

Co.,

Hartsvi Ile~

s.

c.

T. W. Wood and Son, Inc.J Rlchmond~ Va.

Marrett Farm and Seed Co.~ Westminste~, s~ C~

North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Raleigh, N. C.

Management of Te_~~~~:.:.

CulturaL practices such as seed bed preparation~ date of seeding. ferti liza-tionJ and amount and time of applying nitrogen top dressing were in accord with good farm practice and findings of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment

Sta-tion.

The pJanting and harvesting were directly supervised by personnel of North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station.

SeG5')1"t8I Conditions

_

..~_.

---In general the 1952-J953 season was fevoreble for the production of smelI grains throughout the state. The losses caused by dIseases were at a mtn.irnum

and the average yields were about the same as those produced in

.1951

and

J952.

The yieLd records of the

1953

smal! grain tests are given for each Qf ~e

three crops at each of the five locations. Since a single year's record at ~

single Jocntion may not protray the true performance of a variety the performance

r ecor-ds of comm~~;lJJly ava!l.ttblt=! verlet les ere surmar lz od and IncJude three y-ears,

1951,

1952 and

1953

at a l l IocerIons within a geographIc region.

Even though a ver Jety may pr-oduce a superior ytel d 1t mEJy possess

character-Is t Ics that make It Jess desi-rable for a specIfic condition or purpose.

To further characterize the varieties a table listing qualifications ~f those

(4)

~-DIfferences In YIeld

Small differences In yield between varieties should be considered cautiously since it is not possible to det~m'ne the absolute performIng ability- The size of difference that may have been due to chance has been computed and listed at the

end of each table of the 1953 data as "least significant difference (l.S.D)". A similar value is not listed for the average of two or more years' data, but the

level of significance in such instances wIll be somewhat smalJer than that for

Individual years. These measures of chance difference should be used to remind

(5)

LOCATION OF TESTS AND

RECOMMENDED SMALL GRAIN VARIETIES 1953

COAST AL PLAI N

Arlington Anderson * Victorgrain 49-93 Atlas.50 **

Fulgrain Atlas 66 Fulwood Coker 47-27 BARLEY

Colonial 2

MOUNTAINS

OATS

Forkedeer

Arlington ****

WHEAT

Thorne

BARLEY

Colonial 2

Davie

PIEDMONT

OATS

Arl ington

Victorgrain 49-93

Fulgroin Fulwood

Anderson Atlas 50

Atlas66

Coker47-27

Taylor '***

Chancellor} Mosai c Thor ne ) I and

BARLEY

Colonial 2

OATS WHEAT

* Should be harvested as early as possible to prevent excess weather damage to groin.

*..* Atlas SO under heavy mildew conditions may be expected to excel.

*** Has fair mosaic resistance.

(6)

Characteristics of Recommended Wheat Varieties

5. VarIety

Leaf Rust

Resistance

Mi ldew

Re-sistance

Mosaic Re~ Maturity sistance

Cold Toler-ance

Lodging

Resist-ance

Height of Straw

Test

Weight Per Bus.

2

3

4

5

6

7

Medium Fair to

At las

50

FaIr Good

Poor

early Fair good Medium Fair

Medi urn Fa ir t.

At las 66 Good Fair Poor early Fair good Medi um Fair

Medium Medium

Ccker

47-27

Good Fair

Poor

early Fair Good tal J Good

Medium

Anderson Good Fair Poor early Good Good Tall Good

Medium

Teyl or Good Poor Fair earJy Good Good Tall Fair

Medium Very

Thorne _Poor Poor Good Late Good FaIr Medi urn Good

Very

..

:\.

Chancellor

FaIr

Poor Good Early Good Fair Medium Fair

(7)

..6-Characteristics of Recommended Oat Varieties.

Variety Rust

Re-sistance

Smut

Re-sistance

81 Ight Re-sistance

Mosaic

Re-sistance

Maturity Cold Tot .. erance Lodging Resist.. ance Amount of

Straw

Test Weight

Per Bus.

2 ~

4

5

MGdlum

Ar11ngton Good Good

Poor

Goo~ early Good Fair Heavy Good

Victorgrain

48-93

Good Good Poor Good Early Fair Good Medium Good

Fulgraln Good Good Poor Good Early Fair Good Light Good

Very

~ulwood

••

**

Poor

Good

_Medium

earty FaIr .!~Good Light Good

J:orkedeer Poor Poor Good Good late Excellent . Fair Medium Good

Characteristics of Recommended Barley Varieties*

Variety Loose

Smut Re-sistance

Mi Idew Re-sistance Rust Re-sistance Lodging Re-sistance Cold Tol-erance

IA6turlty Amount of Straw

Test Weight Per Bushel

2

Medium

ColonIal Poor Poor Poor Good Fair oarly Light Fair

Medium

DavIe Poor Good Good Good Fair eerly Light Fair

(8)

Performance of Wheat Varieties

3

Years (1951~

1952,

and

1953)

Mountain

7·

48 J

40

16 8

o

Atlas 66

Variety Yield

~/A ")

Ky.

53*

5300

I

---Ky.

37*

50·3

I

Purcam 48eO

I

Anderson _47u9

I

Thorne

_47.5

I

Taylor

46.0 I

Chancellor

_44.9

I

At las 50

43.6 I

Bus./A

Piedmont

Coker

47-27

Anderson Purcam

Taylor

Atlas

50

ChanceJ lor

Ky.

35*

Atlas 66

Ky.

37*

48.7

47.2

-. ..

(

47.2 ₁

45.9 I

45.8 I

45.8 (

45.6 I

44.7 I

42.0

I

o

8 16

24

Bus./A

40

48

(9)

3 Years (J95',

1952~ and

1953)

Coastal

.

PI;:},,,

Variety Yield

Bus./A

At Ias

50 47.•

1

I

Coker

47-27

_45.7

I

Anderson

45.5 I

I

Taylor _45.,5

I

Atlas 66

_45·0

Purcam

₄₃₀₁

I

Chancellor 42~8

I

8.

o

8 16

Bus./A

(10)

Table I

Performence of Wheat Varieties In Mountain North Carolina

1953

Locaiion

Entries

Commercially available varieties:

Anderson

Thorne Taylor Atlas

50

At las 66 ChanceI lor

Purcam

Experimental Entries -Not Commercially available:

A3848-2-4

x

396

0- 1- 200 1 Ky.

37

(Mal x

P

44-3)

x

CJ.

12457-13

1 Ky..

35

A3848--2..

4

x 3960-1-74

Y2375·..

49

Gab 806

3960-1 x 3816-5--96 Leap x Atlas

66 -

3

85

IndC' 29-4.,8

R l85 x P~.

Gal) 815

5461+

x Hard ired

3

855

L .5.0. (~05)

Haywood County

Bushels per Acre

33·7

33·3

31.8

29·3

28.9 26.3

25.4 33·7

~

32.6

31.5

29.

0

28.1 28.2 26.4 25·8 25.1

24.9

23.0

(11)

Table 2

In Piedmont North Carolina

1953

i

10.

Locations

Union County Rockingham County Average

Entries Southern

Pledmonf

~orthern Piedmont: Two Tests

Bus.!A Bus./A Bus./A

Purcam 40.8

40.4

40.6

Atlas

50

37.8 3409

36.4

Atlas 66

_39·5

32.2 35.9

Chance] lor

37.6

32.0

34.8

Anderson

39.9 29·3

34.6

TayJor

36.5 _3°·0

33·3

Coker

47-27

BRS

38.7

27.3

33.

0

Thorne

_25·5

29.8

27.7

Experimental Entries -Not commercially available:

5464

x Hardired 3855

43.0

41.0 42.0

Ind.

29-4-8

40.5 38·9

39.7

Ga. 806

43.8 33·3

38.6

Ga. 815 40.8 32.8

36·8

Coker 52..7

43.4

28·5

36.0

Coker 51-2

38.9

32.6

35.8

4 0 Coker

52-6

39.

6

31.4

35-5

Ky.

35

38.2

31.4

34.8

Coker 52--9

39.3

29.5 34-4

Coker 52...8

3

8

.4

3°.2

34.3

Coker

52-5

38.5

29.9

34.2

Coker 52~4

36.7

29.9

33·3

R.

185 x

p.s.

34-9

31.5 33·2

Y2375-49

32.2

32·5

32.4

Coker

51-3

37.7 25·5

31

.6

Leap x Atlas

66 - 385

36.0

27.0

31·5

3960

~

I

x

3817-5-96

31.9

27.4

29.7

Ky.

37

29.7

29.4

29.6

(Mal. x PJ.,4-3)xCI 12457-131

27.8

3

0.3 ~.l

A

3848-2-4

x

3960-1-14

31.1

2~8 28.3

A3848-2-4

x 2960-1-2001 21.8

3°·2

26.0

(12)

T8ble

3 rerformanee

of

Wheet

Varieties In Coastal Plein North Carolina

1953

11.

Locati ons Entries

Erlgecombe

Coontl

Columbus County

Northern Coasta S.uthern Coasta

1

Average

Plain Plain Two Tests

Bu,,.7~

.

_Bt!$7~ -.~"!yslk;

Chancellor

_49.3

36.4

42.9

Coker

47-27

BRS

48.4

37.4

42.9

raylor

45·6

39.8

42.7

Atlas 50

!jJ.6

34.7

40.7

Anderson

45.1

33.5 39·3

At las 66

39.8 38·5

39·2

Purcam

37·9

23.5 3°·7

Experimental Entries

-Not Commercially avat (able:

Coker 52--6

51

.1 40.2

45·7

Coker

52-7

49.1

40.3

44.7

Coker

52-4

48.0

40·9

44.5

Coker

52-5

47·5

41·3

l.t4.4

Coker

52-9

46.5

41.1

43.8

Coker

5

1-3

41.0

40.[

43·6

Coker

52..

8

46.8

38.5

42.1 Y237S-49

44.7

39.1 4l.,

Coker 51~

44.5 39.('

41.8

Leap x Atlas 66-385 40.1!

36.6

48.4 5464

x Hardired

3855

44.7

31.3

38.0

(13)

12.

Performance of Oat Varieties

3 Years

('951~

1952

and

1953)

Mouni"ain

Var iety Yield ....- Bus./A

Artington _113·0

1

Forkedeer _113·0

j

Atlant ic .

_107.7

_j

-Le Conte _98.0

j

o

20

40

60

Bus./A

80 100 120

Piedmont

.ArI tngton _l~8.7 Victorgrain

}02.7

48-.93

A-tranttc _~~8.5 . FuLgrain

_95.

0

/- ₀ ₂₀

₄₀

₆₀

Bus./A

80 JOO ._ .120

Coastel Pia

in-l

i 12.6

I

111·5

.108.2

I

107.2 I

96.4

_{- -}

_{._}

_...

_{_---}

_. J

Vic torgrain

48--93

~LIngton

Fulwood

Fulgraln StraIn

7

Fulgrain

o

20

40

60

Buso/A

80 100 120

(14)

Performance of Oat Varieties Spring Seeded*

In Mountains

3

Years

(1951,

J952 and

1953)

Variety

Ar Iington

Victorgrain

48-93

Fulgrain

Lbs. Hay

fA

5611

4980

5100

--2000

40

Bus./A

:-4000

Bus./A

60

80

6000.

*Long time records show that spring seeded oats usually produce about haJf the yield of fal I seeded oats. In seasons of very

(15)

'Table

4

Performance of Oats Varieties In Mountain North Carolina

1953

Entries

Commercially avaIlable varieties:

l.ocatiens

---Ha-yvK~0a Cou~ty

Bus/A Lbso Hay

jA

Le Conte Ar1ington Forkedeer Atlantic Lee

9906

95~7 87.8 84~2 80.4

8794

9J20

7759

9256

8304

Experimental Entries - Not Commercially available:

2

CI

4658

x Cl SoF.,

6583

2

CJ

4658

x CI S.F.,

6576

Cl 5106

Wintock x Cl - S.F. x Forkedeer R

2387

CI 6571 (Fulwin x

(L.V.)

L.S.O.

(.05)

=

98~5 8J68 87~2 7623 86.0

7133

83.7 7569

81.9

7759

(N~S.) 1305 Table

5

Performance of Spring Oats In Mountain. North Carol ina

1953 Entries Fu!greln"Strain

4

Ar'lington Victorgrain

48-93

Fulgrain

Bus/A

~804

35·7

32.

J

2909

=' 11·3 Location HaY\rvood Count y

(16)

Table 6 15 •

Performance of Oats Varieties In Piedmont NOrth Carolina

1953

...",,'

LocatIons

Entriec

Union Cou nty : Rockinghom County Average : Southern Piedmont ----t~(l'-·I·hern piedmont Two Tests

: Bus ../A Lbs.Hay :Bus./A l.bs , Hay _Bus·fA lbs.Hay

fA

/A

Com~ercially available varieties:

Fulwood··..

_125·1

₉₉₃₇

81.8

6725

'.0608

8331

FuIgrain Strain

₇

₁₁₄₀₄

₉₅₈₃

88.2 ₆₉₄₂

101·3 8263

FuIglta.in BRS 111.2

₉₅₈₃

BO.r)

5853

'95.6

1718

vtctorgrain

48-93

116.9

10421

73·6

6044

95.3

8236

ArIington 115·8 10618 72.1

7432

9405

9025

Lee 110.8 11211

75-5

6997

93.

2 9107

Forkedeer 112.J 10699 71.8

7133

92.0 8916

Le Conte

89.9 10972

91.6

7677

90.8

9325

Atlantic

_1°3·9

10808

_70·9

7351

87.4

9080

Experimental Entries -Not Commercially available:

Coker 52-22 12002 10536 81~O

6616

100.6 8576

Coker 52-29 123.6 10019 74.~6

5636

99·1 7828

Coke.,

52-31

116.7

9747

79.9 6044

98·3

7896

Coker

52-44

112.3 10019 81.2 6126

9 6•

8

8073

2 Cl

4658

x CI S.F.~

7160

96.5

9461

CI

6575

113·1 11761 7909

2 CJ

4658

x CI S.F.~

7487

96·3

Cl

6583

110·9 12115 81.1

9801

Coker

52-30

122.8

10346

68.9 5772

95-9 8059

Coker

52-34-

J15.9

9855

74.6

5717

95·3

7786

Coker

52-31

116.7 9747

73·4

5636

95.

J

7692

Coker

52-39

113.0 9610

7508

6207

94-4

79(1)

Coker

52-43

102.8

8494

77.7 5663

90·3

7079

(17)

Table

7

16.

Performance of Oats Varieties In Coastal Plain North CarolIna

1953

.-Locations

Edgecombe County

·

COll!mDI}S County

Entr ies Northern Coastal

·

- Sou t hern Coasta1 Average

: Plain Plain TV/o Tests

: Bus./A Lbs.Hay :Bus.!A lbs.Hay

: Bus./A

Cbs.Hay

fA

jA

[A

Commercially avaIlable varieties:

FuI1wood 119.0 9039 J03.0

7078

11 J.0 8059

ArIington 120.4 115J6 99.4 9610 109·9 10563

Fulgrain Strain 7

1154

9120

_99·7

72&:;

107.6

8195

Victorgrain 48*93 116.0 9801

_9°..9

7'($6

1°3.5

8549

Atlantic 104.2

JC1972

102.& 9801 103.2 J0386

Fulgraln BRS _96·3 8031

79.6

6452 88.0

7242

Experimental Entries

-Not Comnercially avai (able:

Coker

52-29

120.8 ₉₉₃₇ 9}·.2

7568

107.0 8753

Coker 52-34 119.2 10155

92.7

7160 106.0 8658

2

Cl

4658

x CI S.F.,

CJ

6575

1f1.9 10427 92.8 8848 102.4 9638

f)

Coker

52-37

115.6 ~947lj ~7.a

7432

101.7 8453

Coker

52-31

107.·1

9251

94·5

7568

100.8 8413

Coker

52-30

114.9 9747

86.1 7568 100·5 8658

Coker 52-22 l18.8

9665

81

-1

6997 100·3 8331

Coker

52-44

10.4.7

8385

8J.6 6479

93.2 7432

Coker

52-39

99·3

8516

86.8

6751

93·1 7664

2

Cl

465e

x CI S.F.,

Col

6583

Joo·3 10128 80.1 8031

_9°·2

9080

Coker

52-43

97.2

8494

19.1

6452

88.2

7473

(18)

Variety IYield

Performance of Barley Varieties

3 Years

(1951#

1952 and

1953)

Mountain

17.

Bus/A

Hudson

_75·7

-Colonial 2 _73·1

J

Wong 69('2

I

Davie

_65.0

I

Calhoun

_59.8

J

Sunrise 52..

4

(

]

o

16 _~2

Bus./A

PIedmont

48

72

80

16

32

Bus./A

Coasta1 PI a in

72

80

Colonial 2

Cal houn

Davie Wong Sunrise

74.3 I

59.6 I

55-4

I

52.1

I

51·5

o

16 32

Bus./A

(19)

Table 8

Performance of Barley Varieties In Mounta in North Caro I ina

1953

Locat ion

HaYW00d County

Bus./A

Commercially avai table varieties:

18.

Colonial 2

Hudson

Marconee Kenbar

Wontd

Davie

Sunrise Calhoun

Experimental Entries -Not Commercially avai lable:

Early Wong

Beltsvi IJe Y11

L.S.D.

(.05)

69.0

67.1

64.5

58.8

58.5

56.3

47.5

39.8 55·5

5°·3

(20)

Table

9

Performance of Barley Varieties Piedmont North Carolina

1953

Locat ions

En tries

Union Count"

~___ I

Southern Piedmont Bus/A

Rockinaham County Nor-trh?rn Pi

edmon·P--Bus/A

Avera ge Two Tests

Bus/A

Commercially avai lable varieties:

Davie

65.6 75·0

70·3

f~arconee

_53·7

72.1

62.9

Colonial 2 63.2

56.0

59.6

Early Wong

42.0 75·1

5

8.6

Vvong

54.5

61.2 57.9

Calhoun 47.1

_53·5

_5°·3

Sunrise

_43·2

53·9

48.6

Experimental Entries -Not commercial fy avai lable:

Bel tsvi J1e y

71 _53·3

Kenbar 41.7

Hudson

43.2

LoS.D • (.05 ) = 12.6

5,8.6 45·5

41 e3

(21)

Table 10

Performance of BarlGY Varieties In Coastal Plain North Carol ina

1953

Locat ions

Entries

Edgecombe County .e~~ County

Northern CoasfaI -'Southern - CoastaI

Plain Plain

Bus/A

Average

Two Tests

Bus/A

Commercially available varieties: Colonial 2

Davie Calhoun Marconee

Sunrise

Ear IY 'Hong Wong

Experimental Entries -Not Commercially avai lable:

46.5

34.5 42 ..

3

26.9

25.9

14~3

10.7

730

I

55.2

42.4

47.3

40.7 23·3

25.4

59.8

1.44.9 42-4

37.1

33.3

18.8 18.1

Bel tsvi lie Y 71

L.S.D.

(.05)

=

30.1