114 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
Ally Friendly Jamming Technique against Adversarial Effects using NS2
A.Muthu Meenal1 | P.Aishwarya2 | S.Elsi3 | D.Kalai Uma Sakthi4
1,2,3,4Department of ECE, TRP Engineering College, Trichy, Tamilnadu.
To Cite this Article
A.Muthu Meenal, P.Aishwarya, S.Elsi and D.Kalai Uma Sakthi, “Ally Friendly Jamming Technique against Adversarial Effects using NS2”, International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology, Vol. 04, Issue 01, January 2018, pp:
114-118.
This paper presents a novel mechanism, called Ally Friendly Jamming, which aims at providing an intelligent jamming capability that can disable unauthorized (enemy) authorized wireless devices to communicate, even if all these devices operate at the same frequency.Adhoc is the one of the most widely used technologies in our daily lives. Instead of being limited to the range of wired equipment, users can communicate freely. However, since wireless networks are based on communication within radio channel.
Wireless sensor network are susceptible to malicious attempts to block the channel. One of the most frequently used attacks is the Denial of Service (DOS) attack known as jamming attack. Jamming attack interfere with the transmission channels by constantly sending the useless packet in order to disturb legitimate nodes. In real wireless network where users communicate constantly, a jamming attack can cause serious problem. Because of this, a study of jamming attack and how to prevent them is necessary. In this thesis, the jamming attacks where stimulated in Adhoc using NS2 modeler, in order to provide the better understanding of jamming attacks. This study will be helpful for future research and development of a practical, effective way to avoid jamming attacks. The objectives of this thesis were to simulate client-server and ad-hoc networks and different jammers; launch jamming attacks in order to test how much influence different jammers have in Adhoc communications; and to compare the performance of different ad-hoc routing protocol.
Copyright © 2018 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology All rights reserved.
I. INTRODUCTION
Wireless communication technology has been widely deployed and increasingly adopted due to the ease of installation and reduced operational cost.
The applications that benefit from wireless communication range from traditional military operations to more recent civilian applications such as Wi-Fi and mobile phones. There have also been ongoing efforts aimed at adopting wireless communication in emerging and mission-critical applications (e.g., healthcare and critical infrastructure protection). In mission-critical applications such as battlefield operations,
anti-terrorism activities, and critical infrastructure protection, it is highly desirable and sometimes necessary to gain advantages over the adversary in terms of wireless communication capability. In particular, it is highly desirable to disable the adversary’s (unauthorized) wireless communication while still maintaining our own (authorized) wireless communication. For example, wireless communication has been a common way to trigger Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) (a.k.a. roadside bombs), which were responsible for approximately 63% coalition deaths in the second Iraq war from 2001 to 2007 and over 66% of the coalition casualties in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2012.
The capability of disabling enemy wireless ABSTRACT
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International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology
ISSN: 2455-3778 :: Volume: 04, Issue No: 01, January 2018
115 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology Effects using NS2
communication and at the same time maintaining coalition’s wireless connectivity would greatly reduce the casualties due to radio-controlled IED. It is conceivable that such a capability will also enhance the security of other non-military mission-critical applications such as critical infrastructure protection and health-care applications.
This paper aims at providing such a capability. Specifically, we develop a novel mechanism, called Ally Friendly Jamming, to provide an intelligent jamming capability that can disable Unauthorized (enemy) wireless communication but at the same time still allow authorized wireless devices to communicate, Even if both the authorized and unauthorized devices operate at the same frequency.
The basic idea behind ally friendly jamming is to jam the wireless channel continuously but properly control the jamming signals using secret keys, so that the jamming signals are unpredictable interference to unauthorized devices, but are recoverable by authorized devices equipped with the secret keys. As a result, when authorized devices need to communicate, they can employ proper signal processing techniques to remove the jamming signals and recover the messages transmitted by other authorized devices. In other words, authorized devices can regenerate jamming signals using the secret keys and subtract them from the received, mixed signals to get jamming-free transmissions. Though conceptually simple, ally friendly jamming turns out to be non-trivial to achieve. We have to resolve three technical challenges to ensure effective jamming and at the same time enable authorized devices to actually receive messages under ally friendly jamming, even though such devices know the secret keys.
II CLIENT SERVER COMMUNICATION In general, a service is an abstraction of computer resources and a client does not have to be concerned with how the server performs while fulfilling the request and delivering the response.
The client only has to understand the response based on the well-known application protocol, i.e.
the content and the formatting of the data for the requested service.
Clients and servers exchange messages in request response messaging pattern. The client sends a request, and the server returns a response.
This
Exchange of messages is an example of inter-process communication. To communicate, the computers must have a common language, and they must follow rules so that both the client and the server know what to expect. The language and rules of communication are defined in a communications protocol. All client-server protocols operate in the application layer. The application layer protocol defines the basic patterns of the dialogue. To formalize the data exchange even further, the server may implement an application programming interface (API). The API is an abstraction layer for accessing a service. By restricting communication to a specific content format, it facilitates parsing. By abstracting access, it facilitates cross-platform data exchange.
A server may receive requests from many distinct clients in a short period of time. A computer can only perform a limited number of tasks at any moment, and relies on a scheduling system to prioritize incoming requests from clients to accommodate them.
To prevent abuse and maximize availability, server software may limit the availability to clients. Denial of service attacks are designed to exploit a server's obligation to process requests by overloading it with excessive request rates.
III AODV PROTOCOL
Ad-hoc on demand distance vector routing uses collection of mobile nodes. Each mobile host works as a specialized router and routes are available on demand means only when needed. This protocol is suitable for dynamic self starting network which is loop free network. For route discovery AODV uses broadcast mechanism only when needed. It maintains route table entries for intermediate nodes which are dynamically varying.
A node does not have to discover and maintain a route until the two nodes want to communicate where the previous node provide the services as a intermediate forwarding station to maintain connectivity between two other nodes. For path discovery each node has to maintain two separate counters a node sequence number and its broadcast id. Source node broadcast the route request message to its neighboring nodes. This request message contains source address, broadcast id, source sequence, destination address, destination sequence & hop counter. When any neighboring node satisfy route request it will send route reply message to the source node. When it will not satisfy then it will rebroadcast the request to neighboring nodes and will increase the hop
116 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology counter. If node cannot satisfy route request
message it keeps track of destination address, source address, broadcast id, expiration time for reverse path route entry, sequence number of source node so that it implement the reverse path setup. The purpose of route request expiration time is to separate the routing entries of reverse path from those who do not lie on source destination path.
This time is depending on size of the network. Each routing table maintains the address of active neighbors. Neighbor is said to be active if it originate at least one packet for the destination. A mobile node maintains a route table entry for each destination of interest. Each entry of route table contains destination, next hope, number of hopes, destination sequence number, active neighbors and expiration time for route table entry. When new route is found it will compare the destination sequence number of previous path and new path and the route having greater sequence number is being selected.
IV DENIAL OF SERVICE In computing,a denial-of-service
attack (DOS attack) is a cyber-attack where the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to the Internet.. Denial of service is typically accomplished by flooding the targeted machine or resource with superfluous requests in an attempt to overload systems and prevent some or all legitimate requests from being fulfilled. A Dos attack is analogous to a group of people crowding the entry door or gate to a shop or business, and not letting legitimate parties enter into the shop or business, disrupting normal operations. Criminal perpetrators of DOS attacks often target sites or services hosted on high-profile web servers such as banks or credit card payment gateways.
revenge, blackmail and activism can motivate these attacks.
This technique is referred to DOS. In this technique, the device transmits a noise signal at the same operating frequency of the mobile phone in order to decrease the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the mobile under its minimum value. This kind of jamming technique is the simplest one since the device is always on.
V. EXISTING SYSTEM
We discuss wireless Reduction of Quality (RoQ) attacks against the transmission control protocol (TCP). RoQ attacks can dramatically degrade the TCP performance with a less number of wireless jamming attacking packets, which makes them rather difficult to detect. We propose a RoQ attack model which exposes the possibility to launch a RoQ attack and illustrates attack conditions. A CTS jamming method is proposed to make it possible to launch RoQ attacks in 802.11b/g wireless networks. The wireless RoQ attacks are evaluated in both NS2 simulation environment and practical wireless networks.
Experimental results demonstrate that it is possible to degrade wireless TCP throughput through RoQ attacks with undetectable low rate attacking traffic.
We have implemented a prototype for ally friendly jam-Ming using the Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) platform and GNU Radio.
In this thesis we use the Aodv algorithm, and that shows the various advantages than the previous protocols.
Our experimental results show that under ally friendly jamming, authorized devices have close-to-0 packet loss rate, and at the same time unauthorized devices suffer from 100% packet loss rate.
Illustration of ally jamming:
VI COGNITIVE RADIO
This cognitive radio cognitive network (CRCN) simulator is a software based network simulator for network-level simulations. It is based on open-source NS-2 (network simulator 2). CRCN simulator supports performance evaluations for the proposed dynamic spectrum resource allocation, power control algorithms, and the adaptive Cognitive Radio (CR) networking protocols including the CR MAC and the CR Routing
117 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology Effects using NS2
protocols. This simulator uses NS-2 to generate realistic traffic and topology patterns. For each node in this simulator, a reconfigurable multi-radio multi-channel PHY layer is available by customizing +-+-+-the spectrum parameters such as transmission power, propagation and etc
At present, modeling & simulation is the only paradigm which allows the simulation of complex behavior in a given environment's cognitive radio networks. Network simulators like OPNET, Net Sims, MATLAB and NS2 can be used to simulate a cognitive radio network. Areas of research using network simulators include:
1. Spectrum sensing & incumbent detection 2. Spectrum allocation
3. Measurement and modeling of spectrum usage
4. Efficiency of spectrum utilization
VII SIMULATION
The project is implemented and stimulated by using the windows xp professional in windows 7 VM ware using Cygwin software and the graph shows the result of existing and proposed system.
Graph result:
VIII CONCLUSION
In this paper, we presented ally friendly jamming, a mechanism that jams unauthorized wireless communication and maintains legitimate communication at the same time. Ally friendly jamming is achieved by properly controlling the ally jamming signals using secret keys shared among authorized devices and the ally jammers. We have analyzed the properties of ally friendly jamming, implemented a prototype system, and performed a series of experimental evaluation. Our results demonstrated that the proposed techniques can
118 International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology effectively disable unauthorized wireless
communication and at the same time allow wireless communication between authorized devices. Our future work includes enhancing the robustness of the ally friendly jamming technique, investigating its capability against unauthorized anti-jamming devices and defending against adversarial jamming attacks.
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