TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
WINTER ANNUAL FORAGES - Agencies Sponsoring Entries
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
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INTRODUCTION
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YIELDS • · · · • • • . . . • . . . • . . . • 5
PERENNIAL FORAGES - Agencies Sponsoring Entries
SUMMER ANNUAL FORAGES - Agencies Sponsoring Entries
YIELDS
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YIELDS • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • • 12
APPENDIX
CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA FOR WAKE COUNTY LOCATIONS • • . . . • • • 19 CULTURAL PRACTICES AND FERTILIZATION FOR PERENNIAL FORAGES 20
NORTH CAROL\NA
THE LIBRARiES
INTRODUCTION
Evaluation of Forage Crop Varieties
in North Carolina datatables.are listed in the appendix
Most computations and statistical analyses were conducted in the Statistical Laboratory and Computing Center at North Carolina State University. These operations were supervised by Dr. John
o.
Rawlings and Mrs. Faye Childers. We appreciate their cooperation and assistance.In this publication the Waller-Duncan L.S.D. (least significant difference) test is used to determine if real differences exist among varieties (chance odds of about 5\). In most tables where yields are presented, the L.S.D. values are listed below each yield column. Yield differences between varieties must exceed the L.S.D. values for the difference to be considered statistically significant. An example of the use of the Waller-Duncan L.S.D. is given below.
In order to decide if true differences exist in a set of varieties being tested, field trials are designed so that statistical procedures can be used to determine whether observed differences are most likely real or due only to chance. Measured differences among varieties can result from influences other than their true genetic character. These random effects which may include variation in soil fertility, moisture, temperature, etc. are always present to some degree. Experimental design and statistics help in deciding whether true differences exist. There is always a chance that an observed difference between varieties will be due to chance alone and not due to true varietal differences. It is up to the experimenter to choose the odds that he is willing to accept. Most experimenters will accept chance odds of 5\ or less. In other words, the chance of concluding falsely is about one in twenty.
New forage cultivars and hybrids are constantly being released from public and private sources. In addition, forage breeders are continually interested in testing experimentals under various growing conditions. In order to determine adaptability and productivity, i t is necessary that these forages be tested under North Carolina growing conditions. The purpose of this publication is to present comparative data on forages tested in North Carolina during 1993.
The varieties tested are classed into three major groups: winter annuals (such as rye, wheat, oats, barley and ryegrass); summer annuals (such as sudangrass, pearl millet, and sorghum-sudan hybrids) and perennial forages ( such as alfalfa, orchardgrass, tall fescue, and bermudagrass). All varieties were managed on a multiple-cut system with most varieties being clipped three or more times to simulate rotational grazing or haying conditions. Dry forage yields are reported for all entries tested.
Experimental lines are sponsored through the USDA-ARS, state agricultural experiment stations and privately owned companies. These lines may not be available for farm use. All entries from privately owned companies (experimental lines are commercial varieties) are tested on a fee basis. The Crop Science Department, N. C. state University often enters varieties of interest or proven varieties to be used as standards. All varieties are from certified sources or from sources which would be able to verify origin. This gives assurance as to the purity of the entries tested and that results reported here could be reproduced.
All forage tests were conducted on North Carolina state University Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in 1993. Weather-measuring instruments were located approximately one mile from the test site. Climatological
Determining Varieties
Table la. Example of use of the L.S.D. value.
Variety Yield (LbsjA)
1 1600+
2 1570++
3 1450
4 1410
LSD SO
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K Ratio
=
100 +Highest yield.++Not different from highest yield.
By using the L.S.D. value in the above example, it can be determined that:
a. Variety 1 is not different from variety 2 because the observed difference (30) does not exceed the L.S.D. value of 50.
b. Variety 1 is different from varieties 3 and 4 since the yield difference exceeds the L.S.D. value.
c. Likewise, based on similar comparisons, varieties 3 and 4 are not different, but variety 2 is different from varieties 3 and
4.
In ~tudying the information presented 1n this publication, i t should be emphasized that data collected over several years are a better indication of a variety's potential than single year test results. If one wants to observe data for each harvest for previous years check the publication for those years.
EXPE~ENTALPROCEDURES
Recommended small-plot techniques and cultural practices were employed on all tests. Fertilization, seeding rates, dates, and other cultural information of a given test are listed in the table which gives dry matter yields by harvest for the current year. cultural practices of prior years for perennial forages are given in the appendix tables.
2
The experimental design used for all tests was a randomized complete block with four or five replications (reps). Plots were 20 feet long and three feet wide. Blocks were separated by at least three feet and tests were bordered by material comparable to that included in the
All plots contained three rows nine inches apart. Seeding was accomplished with a specially designed cone planter which was calibrated for each entry. Seeding rates for all tests were adjusted to 100\ germination based on tests conducted just prior to planting.
Cool season perennials and winter annuals were sown in September and summer annuals were planted in mid-May.
Plots were harvested with a self-propelled, flail-knife chopper (Carter harvester). It was designed specifically for small plot work with the wheels spaced so the harvest rows and the stubble were not damaged during harvesting.
Each plot was evaluated for weed percentage. When estimated to be greater than 5\ of the harvested forage dry matter, weed cont+ibution was subtracted from total herbage weight. Thus, dry forage yields listed in this publication are on a weed-free basis.
3
Table 1. Supplemental information for forage variety test locations.
Location CooperatingPersonnel Soil
Lona Term Average Growing Annual Season Rainfall
(Days) (Inches)
University Research Unit 9
Raleigh, NC
East Central Piedmont Wake County
Approx. Elev. 400 feet
Wallace Baker Ken Snyder
Appling-Cecil Association
Gray Sandy Loam soil red, firm clay
subsoils
4
Table 2. Names and addresses of agencies sponsoring winter annual forage entries in the 1992-1993 trials.
Sponsor
Green Seed Company
Carl R. Gurley, Inc.
Cascade International Seed Co.
Gainey Grain, Inc. N. C. Agriculture
Extension Service
Dlf Trifolium
Seed Production, Inc.
Southern States cooperative
University of Florida
The Wax Company, Inc.
Willamette Valley
Address
P.
o.
Box 29247 Atlanta, GA 30359 P.o.
Box 995Princeton, NC 27569
8483
w.
stayton Rd. Aumsville, OR 97325 Route 1, Box 92Laurel Hill, NC 28351 Raleigh, NC 27695
P.
o.
Box 742 Albany, OR 97321 P. O. Box 290 Madison, GA 30650P. O. Box 26234 Richmond, VA 23260 Bldg. 107
Gainesville, FL 32611 P. O. Box 60
Amory, MS 38821 36100 Hwy. 228
Brownsville, OR 97327
Brand
Green Seed
Gurley Gurley Gurley Cascade Gainey
Dlf
Trifolium Seed
Production So. states so. states
Wax
willamette Valley wiI lamette Valley Willamette Valley
Cultivar Designation winter King Rye GI 85 Rye
Gurley Grazer 2000 Rye
GI 87 Rye
CAS-BRM. S Bromus SS2-Rye
SS2 Cross Rye NCSU 89 Ryegrass NCSU 90 Ryegrass NCSU 91 Ryegrass Tetrablend 444
Ryegrass Brooks Oat Boone Barley Wakefield Wheat Gulf Ryegrass Rustmaster Ryegrass
Wintergrazer 70 Rye
Wheeler Rye Pastar Rye
Florida 80 Ryegrass Surrey Ryegrass Marshall Ryegrass
Table 3. FVT 250 Dry forage yield of rye, wheat, oats, barley and annual ryegrass at North Carolina state University, Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory, Wake County, N.C. 1992-931
Brand or Sponsor Variety 11/19 2/3 Harvest Dates3/31 4/28 5/27 Total
Pounds per Acre Drv ForaQe2
DLF Trifolium Rustmaster RG Univ. of Fla. Surrey RG
smith Seed Tetrablend 444 RG
WVPB AR-92-401 RG
NCSU Gulf RG
Wax Marshall RG
Univ. of Fla. Florida 80 RG
NCSU __ NCSU 90 RG
WVPB AR-90-300 RG
NCSU NCSU 91 RG
NCSU NCSU 89 RG
NCSU Brooks Oat
WVPB AR-90-1 RG
Green Seed winter King Rye Carl R. Gurley GI 87 Rye
NCSU Boone Barley
NCSU Wakefield Wheat
Carl R. Gurley GI 85 Rye Gainey Grain SS2 Cross Rye
Seed Production wintergrazer 70 Rye Gainey Grain SS2 Rye
Carl R. Gurley Gurley Grazer 2000 Rye Cascade CAS-BRM-S Bromus
Southern States Wheeler Rye Southern States Pastar Rye
Mean of Test
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K Ratio=100 s.e. Error d.f. C.V. 102 289 184 340 216 90 340 95 125 140 143 561 129 846 769 688 398 779 1020 759 1056 722 127 785 657 454 247 213 96 47 834 697 1067 576 1109 602 995 516 721 571 515 1858 912 1042 1054 925 1341 922 1256 865 1669 826 594 818 744 921 339 283 96 31 1918 1758 1570 1527 1609 1465 1713 1584 1563 1670 1583 1040 1692 2077 1966 1512 1449 2048 1536 1992 711 1770 947 1154 1125 1559 227 198 96 13 3103 2921 2810 2856 2550 3105 2299 2933 2749 2741 2747 1718 2302 1313 1269 1922 1387 1092 1037 1137 1238 1340 2288 1816 1927 2104 351 311 96 15 1236 1407 1251 1374 1163 1322 1170 1260 1230 1242 1322 1128 1240 853 816 791 1215 885 851 844 868 880 1465 720 790 1093 280 227 ~96 21 7193+ 7072++ 6882++ 6673++ 6647++ 6583++ 6515++ 6388++ 6388++ 6365 6309 6305 6275 6131 5874 5837 5789 5727 5701 5597 5543 5538 5421 5294 5244 6132 822 632 96 10 lJ1
ISeeded September 17, 1992 on a Cecil clay loam soil at rate of: Rye - 120 Ib/A, Oats - 90 Ib/A, Ryegrass - 40 lb/A and Wheat - 120 lb/A. Soil Analysis - pH 5.8, P-I 064, K-I 58, HM% 0.7
Fertilization: Preplant (lb/Acre) SON, 50 P20S' 50 K20 ; Postplant (lb/Acre) February 6 - 50N,
March 31 - 50N, April 29 - SON
Table 4. Dry forage yield of rye, wheat, oats, barley and annual ryegrass at University Research Unit 9, Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory, Wake County, N.C.l
Brand or Sponsor Variety 19932 Test Years
19923 19914
Three Year AverageS
Pounds Per Acre Drv Foraqe 5408++ 5854++ 6152 5277++ 5906++ 6085 DLF Trifolium
Univ. of Fla. smith Seed WVPB
NCSU
Wax
Univ. of Fla.
NCSU WVPB NCSU NCSU NCSU WVPB Green Seed Carl R. Gurley NCSU
NCSU
Carl R. Gurley Gainey Grain Seed Production Gainey Grain Carl R. Gurley Cascade
Southern states Southern states
Rustmaster RG Surrey RG
Tetrablend 444 RG AR-92-401 RG
Gulf RG Marshall RG Florida 80 RG NCSU 90 RG AR-90-300 RG NCSU 91 RG NCSU 89 RG Brooks Oat AR-90-1 RG
winter King Rye GI 87 Rye
Boone Barley Wakefield Wheat GI 85 Rye
SS2 Cross Rye
Wintergrazer 70 Rye SS2 Rye
Gurley Grazer 2000 Rye CSA-BRM-S Bromus Wheeler Rye Pastar Rye 7103+ 7072++ 6882++ 6673++ 6647++ 6583++ 6515++ 6388++ 6388++ 6365 6309 6305 6275 6131 5874 5837 5789 5727 5701 5597 5543 5538 5421 5294 5244 5587++ 5783+ 5414++ 5420++ 5239++ 4954 5457++ 4531 4485 3534 5132++ 4208 3602 4221 4487 3654 5741++ 5435 6193++ 5803++ 3330++ 5788++ 3123 2473 3309 3066 2825 3171 5992 5934 6041 5904 5784 4863 5840 4595 5180 3948 5430 4371 4573 4275 3782 4023 ~
IAverage of- five replications. Entries with missing values indicate the cUltlvar was not tested at that location.
2Wake County. See FVT 250, Table 3, page 5.
~ake County. See Ag-49 Crop Science Report 140, 1992 for details on establishment and fertilization
4Wake County. See Ag-49 Crop Science Report 135, 1991 for details on establishment and fertilization.
7
Table 5. Names and addresses of agencies sponsoring summer annual forage entries
in the 1993 trials.
Sponsor
ciba Seeds
DeKalb-Pfizer Genetics
Cultivar
Address Brand Designation
P. o. Box 18300 Ciba FP-5 SS
Greensboro, NC 27407 Ciba FP-6 55
1350 Center Drive DeKalb Sudax 5X-17 SS
suite 201B DeKalb Sudax SX-15 S5
Atlanta, GA 30338
Northrup King Co. P. O. Box 249
Grifton, NC 28530 NKNK
Sordan 79 55 X9232 SS
Pioneer Hi-Bred 1000
w.
Jefferson st. Pioneer 855F S5International Tipton, IN 46072
Southern states P. O. Box 26243 FFR 120 SS
Cooperative, Inc. Richmond, VA 23260 FFR 3-Mil-X PM
FFR Mil-Hy 300 PM
u.s.
Dept. Agri. Forage&
Turf Res. unitP.o. Box 748 Tifton, GA 31793
USDA USDA USDA
Tifleaf 1 PM Expt 1 PM Expt 2 PM
Table 6. FVT 251 Dry matter yield of summer annuals on North Carolina state University Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County, North Carolinal
Brand or
Sponsor Variety 6/28
Harvest Dates 1993
7/14 8/11 9/21
1993 Total 1992 Total Two Year Average
Pounds Per Acre Drv Foraae2 DeKalb Sudax Southern states Ciba Seeds DeKalb Sudax USDA Southern states USDA NK NK Ciba Seeds Pioneer USDA USDA Southern states Southern states
Mean of Test
SX-17 SS3 FFR 120 S5 FP-6 S5 SX-15 SS
Tift Exp 1 PM3 FFR 2113SS Tifleaf 2 PM Sordan 79 SS X9232 SS FP-5 SS 855F 5S
Tift Exp 2 PM Tifleaf 1 PM Millhy 300 PM
3-Mil-X PM 2016 1931 1625 1703 980 1799 1244 1847 1487 1501 1536 698 957 906 983 1414 1020 638 817 1084 928 879 929 846 1003 979 846 988 954 936 854 913 1881 2009 1916 1521 1953 1636 1668 1637 1686 1783 1496 1851 1753 1603 1456 1723 1806 1891 1991 1820 2227 1604 1984 1473 1554 1358 1731 2000 1750 1741 1545 1765 6723+ 6468++ 6349++ 6128++ 6088++ 5918++ 5825++ 5803++ 5730++ 5621 5609 5538 5414 5186 4838 5816 6557++ 7676+ 6745++ 7179++ 6653++ 6847++ 6966++ 5823 6540 6640 6882 6332 6502 6131 6192 6076 5331 co
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K-Ratio=100 s.e. Error d.f. C.V. 419 346 56 25 237 155 56 17 421 264 56 15 409 294 56 17 1012 684 56 12 1444 975 48 15 11993 Cultural Practices Seeded May 24, 1993.
Soil Analysis pH 6.5, P-I 166+, K-I 30, HM% 0.9
Fertilization (lb/acre) May 20, 1993 - 25N, 50 P20S' 50 K20 , July 2, 1993 - 50N August 19, 1993 - 50N
2Average of five replications.
3SS = Sorghum sudan hybrid, PM
=
Pearl millet.Table 7.
9
Names.and addre
7ses
of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1993 NorthCarollna Perennlal Forage Trials.
Sponsor
AgraTech Seeds, Inc
Address
P.
o.
Box 2210Atlanta, GA 30301
Brand
AgraTech
Cultivar Designation
8607 Alfalfa
Agripro Biosciences, Inc. Route 3 Alfalfa
Ames, IA 50010
Americas
Americas Americas
A 1 f a g r a
z
eAggressor Alfalfa Apollo Supreme
Alfalfa
Allied Seed Cooperative Inc.
Mike Braxton Seed, Inc.
1917 E. Fargo Nampa, ID 83687
P.
o.
Box 308Ames,IA 50010
Allied Seed
Braxton
Asset Alfalfa
MBS 2152 Alfalfa
E. F. Burlingham and Sons
P.
o.
Box 181A BurlinghamForest Grove, OR 97116 Burlingham
MB 30 Ryegrass
MB 31 Ryegrass
ciba Seeds
D.S.I.R. Grasslands Division
Daehnfeldt,Inc.
Dairyland Research
DeKalb-pfizer
FFR cooperative
Garst Seed Co.
Great Plains
Research Co., Inc.
P. O. Box 18300
Greensboro, NC 27419
Private Bag
Palmerston North, NZ
P.
o.
Box 947Albany, OR 97321
RR 1, Box 129
Clinton, WI 53525
3100 Sycamore Road DeKalb, IL 60115
4112
E.
state Rd. 225W. Lafayette, IN 47906
Box 300
Coon Rapids, IA 50058
3624 Kildaire Farm Road
Apex, NC 27502
ciba
NZG NZG NZG NZG NZG NZG
NZG
Daehnfeldt
Dairyland
DeKalb DeKalb
FFR
Garst Garst
Great Plains
G2833 Alfalfa
Roa Fescue
Matua Rescuegrass Nui Per Ryegrass Pacific Per Ryegrass Puna Chickory Super Nui Per
Ryegrass
Wana Orchardgrass
Deborah Brame
Magnum III Alfalfa
OK 125 Alfalfa
OK
135 AlfalfaTF 9001 Fescue
Garst 630 Alfalfa Garst 645 Alfalfa
Table 7. continued.
Sponsor
Green Seed Company
10
Address
P. O. Box 1678
Gallatin, TN 37066
Brand
Green Seed Green Seed Green Seed
Green Seed
Cultivar Designation
Legacy Alfalfa Cattle Club Fescue Green 89-103
Orchardgrass Shiloh Orchardgrass
N.C. Agricultural Extension Service
N. C. state University NCSU Raleigh, NC 27695
Bastion Bison Per Ryegrass
Johnstone Fescue Ky 31 Fescue
Boone Orchardgrass Cajun Fescue
Martin Fescue Mozark Fescue citadel Per Ryegrass Infested Ky 31
Fescue
Non-Infested Ky 31 Fescue
Rebel II Fescue Triumph Fescue Tetralite Per
Ryegrass
Bison Per Ryegrass Coastal Bermuda
Tifton 44 Bermuda
Callie Bermuda Tifton 78 Bermuda Pasta Rico Bermuda Tierra Verde Bermuda
Guymon Bermuda Pensacola Bahia
Tifton 9 Bahia
Northrup King Company P.
o.
Box 885Grifton, NC 28530
NK NK NK NK
Crockett Alfalfa Fortress Alfalfa Commandor Alfalfa Multiking I Alfalfa
Olsen-Fennell Seeds, P. O. Box 15028
Salem, OR 97302
Olsen Fennell OFI-OG-4
Orchardgrass Olsen Fennell OFI-OG-T-88
Orchardgrass
Oregon Orchardgrass Seed Producers Commission
Pennington Seed Production, Inc.
1270 Chemeketa st.
Salem, OR 97301
P. O. Box 290
Madison, GA 30650
Oregon Oregon
Pennington
Latar Orchardgrass Paiute Orchardgrass
11
Table 7. Continued.
Sponsor Address
Pioneer Hi-Bred
International, Inc.
Southern States Cooperative, Inc.
vista
Willamette Seed
Willamette Valley
Willamette Valley
1000 W. Jefferson st. Tipton, IN 46072
P.
o.
Box 26234 Richmond, VA 23260P.
o.
Box 1428 Woodland, CA 95695 P. O. Box 791Albany, OR 97321 36100 Hyw 228
Brownsville, OR 97327
36100 Hwy 228
Brownsville, OR 97327
Cultivar Brand Designation Pioneer 5331 Alfalfa Pioneer 5373 Alfalfa Pioneer YAL06 Alfalfa So. States Anstar Alfalfa So. States Benchmark
Orchardgrass So. States Forager Fescue So. States Haymark Alfalfa So. States Phyter Fescue So. States Hallmark
Orchardgrass So. States Resistar Alfalfa vista VS 9060 Alfalfa Willamette Crown Orchardgrass Willamette WVPB-FIR-90-1
Valley Per Ryegrass Willamette WVPG-OG-89-19 Valley Orchardgrass Willamette WVPB-OG-89-40 Valley Orchardgrass Willamette WVPB-OG-89-35 Valley Orchardgrass Willamette WVPB-OG-89-309
Valley Orchardgrass Willamette WVPB-TF-88-14 Fescue
Valley
Table 8. FVT 244 Dry forage yields of alfalfa on North Carolina state University Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County, North Carolinal
Brand or Harvest Dates - 1993 1993 1992 2-Year
Sponsor Variety 5/4 6/7 7/15 8/18 9/23 11/4 Total Total Average
Pounds Per Acre Drv Forage2
Northrup King Crockett 5101 3292 801 1162 1351 913 12619+ 10877+ 11748+ America's Alfalfa Aggressor 5175 3480 630 1013 1342 813 12453++ 10644++ 11548++
Green Seed Legacy 5074 3292 657 1152 1308 854 12338++ 10731++ 11534++
Garst Seed Garst 630 4931 3415 738 1165 1356 728 12334++ 9687++ 11010++
Pioneer Exp. YAL06 4944 3143 721 1202 1447 755 12212++ 9775++ 10994++
Allied Seed Asset 5027 3335 601 1149 1288 718 12118++ 9852++ 10985++
Dairyland Seed Magnum III 4952 3309 688 1095 1385 662 12090++ 10116++ 11102++
Ciba-Geigy C-G2833 5159 3160 649 1122 1184 638 11912++ 10442++ 11177++
America's Alfalfa Apollo Supreme 4986 3280 594 1158 1227 597 11842++ 9930++ 10886++ Pioneer Variety 5373 5058 3289 561 1088 1194 641 11831++ 10010++ 10920++ Southern States Anstar 4883 3167 585 1120 1361 689 11806++ 10524++ 11165++ Southern States Resistar 5122 3207 517 851 1219 665 11580++ 10320++ 10950++ Great Plains Cimarron VR 4917 3035 597 1025 1189 730 11492++ 10749++ 11120++
Garst Seed Garst 645 5032 3116 509 1045 1151 600 11453++ 9124 10289 I--'
Pioneer Variety 5331 5001 3033 543 942 1242 657 11418++ 9929++ 10673 tv
DeKalb DK 125 5016 3119 467 899 1201 704 11407++ 9830++ 10619
Mike Braxton Seed MBS 2152 4909 3023 743 1206 1364 972 11399++ 9233 10316 Northrup King Multiking I 4704 3129 619 1067 1213 636 11369++ 9855++ 10612 Southern states Haymark 4942 3023 596 966 1207 590 11324++ 9756++ 10540
Agratech Agratech 8607 4274 3073 647 1057 1317 908 11276++ 9488 10382
vista VS 9060 4836 3029 533 1010 1102 716 11225 10297++ 10761
Northrup King Fortress 4724 3001 565 1026 1172 643 11132 9973++ 10552
DeKalb OK 135 4744 3011 537 984 1157 590 11021 10035++ 10528
America's Alfalfa Alfagraze 4836 3040 464 826 1232 526 10923 9971++ 10447
Mean of Test 4897 3167 607 10S6 1259 706 11691 10048 10869
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K-Ratio=100 536 323 286 286 202 117 1352 1296 909
s.e. 364 209 155 172 132 97 793 757 775
Error d.f. 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 184
C.V. 7 7 25 16 11 14 7 8 7
11993 Cultural Practices: Fertilization ( lb/acre) February 16 - 50 P20S' 100 K2O , 3 lb. Boron, 1000 lb. lime Insect Control (Ib/acre a.i.) March 31 0.5 Furadan
Table 9. FVT 239 Dry forage yield of fescue on Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County, North caro l Lna'
Brand or
Sponsor Variety
Harvest Dates 1993 4/14 5/17 11/4
1993 Total 1992 Total 1991 Total Three Year Average
Pounds Per Acre Drv ForaQe2
Green Seed WVPB NCSU NCSU FFR NCSU NCSU WVPB Green Seed NCSU NCSU Pennington Southern States Southern States Green Seed NCSU NZG
Mean of Test
Triumph TF88-B-1 Mozark
Noninfected KY 31 TF 9001
KY 31
Infected KY 31 TF 88-14 Cajun Johnstone Martin Penngrazer Phyter Forager Cattle Club Rebel II Roa 2316 2008 2164 1466 2391 1272 1213 1185 1904 1501 2081 1384 1664 1824 1149 917 1493 1643 2175 2458 2439 2936 1914 2793 3041 2990 2203 2862 2126 2834 2339 2014 3067 3185 2574 2585 2919 2825 2511 2675 2767 3004 2794 2844 2876 2608 2688 2673 2782 2797 2412 2477 2354 2706 7410+ 7291++ 7113++ 7078++ 7072++ 7069++ 7048++ 7019++ 6983++ 6971++ 6895++ 6891++ 6785++ 6635++ 6627++ 6579 6421 6935 7567++ 7374++ 7022 5705 7143 6356 5889 6257 7692+ 6224 7264++ 6028 5942 6785 5841 5184 6111 6493 9891++ 9680 9158 7998 9880++ 8869 8120 8814 10427+ 5506 9295 9167 9884++ 8398 8494 7163 8237 8940 8289++ 8115++ 7765++ 6927 8032++ 7431 7019 7363 8367+ 7234 7818++ 7362 7537 7273 6987 6309 6923 7456 ~ w
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K Ratio=100 s.e. Error d.f. C.V. 263 229 64 14 325 276 64 11 488 293 64 11 812 450 64 6 439 382 64 6 718 608 64 7 777 489 192 7
11993 Cultural Practices Soil Analysis pH 5.7, P-I 048, K-I 26, HM% 0.7
Fertilization (lb/acre) February 16, 1993 - 75N 50 P20S ' 50 K20 , August 19,1993 - 75N
Weed Control (lb/acre a.i.) March 31, 1993 - 0.25 Banvel, 0.75 2,4D For earlier years cultural practices, See Appendix Table 2A.
Table 10. FVT 240 Dry forage yield of orchardgrass on Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County, North Carolina1
Brand or
Sponsor Variety Harvest Dates - 19934/26 6/2 Total1993 Total1992 Total1991
Three Year Average
Pounds Per Acre Drv ForaQe2
NCSU Southern states Willamette Valley Green Seed Southern states Willamette Valley Willamette Valley Willamette Seed Oregon O.G. Comm. Olsen-Fennell Olsen-Fennell Willamette Valley Oregon O.G. Comm. Green Seed
NZG
Mean of Test
Boone Hallmark OG-89-309 Shiloh Benchmark OG-89-40 OG-89-19 Crown Paiute OFI-OG-4 OFI-OG-T-88 OG-89-35 Latar Green-89-103 Wana 3701 3405 3298 3395 3372 2943 2932 3074 2967 2719 2857 2617 2693 2394 2044 2961 941 952 1051 932 893 1195 1195 902 947 1193 1029 1189 1058 1125 1282 1059 4642+ 4356++ 4350++ 4327++ 4265++ 4139++ 4127++ 3976 3914 3912 3886 3806 3751 3519 3326 4020 7154++ 7318+ 7039++ 6496++ 7129++ 6477++ 6755++ 6684++ 6292 6519++ 6751++ 6678++ 6163 6609++ 6541++ 6707 6248++ 6002++ 5967++ 6458+ 6016++ 5403 5281 5540++ 5527++ 5143 5876++ 5414++ 5928++ 5349 4433 5639 6015+ 5892++ 5785++ 5760++ 5803++ 5339 5388 5400 5244 5192 5504 5299 5281 5159 4767 5455 f----I .::::.
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K Ratio=100 s.e. Error d.f. C.V. 499 402 56 14 121 101 56 10 551 409 56 10 1002 565 56 8 952 668 56 12 466 558 168 10 11993 Cultural Practices Soil Analysis - pH 5.7, P-I 048, K-I 26, HM% 0.7
Fertilization (lb/acre) February 16, 1993 - 75N, 50 P20S' 50 K20 , August 19, 1993 - 75N
Weed Control (lb/acre a.i.) March 31, 1993 - 0.25 Banvel, 0.75 2,40 For earlier years cultural practices, see Appendix Table 2B.
2Average of five replications.
Table 11.
FVT 241
Dry forage yield of perennial ryegrass, rescuegrass,chickory and brome
on Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County, North CarolinaBrand or
Sponsor Variety Harvest Dates 19934/20 5/28 Total1993 Total1992 Total1991
Three Year Average
Pounds Per Acre Drv ForaQe2
NCSU NCSU NCSU NZG NZG NZG NZG WVPB Burlingham Burlingham NCSU Daehnfeldt NZG
Mean of Test
Tetrlite Per RG Bison Per RG Bastion Per RG Super NUl Per RG Pacific Per RG Matua (Rescue) Nul Per RG
Fir-90-1 Per RG MB30 Per RG MB31 Per RG citadel Per RG Deborah Brome Puna Chickory 2474 2380 2722 2602 2735 2051 2470 2247 2740 2682 2015 1875 1217 2324 2166 2182 1568 1534 1396 2019 1465 1671 1156 1131 1773 1870 1588 1655 4640+ 4562++ 4290++ 4136++ 4131++ 4071++ 3936 3918 3896 3813 3788 3746 2805 3979 4868 4886 3691 4264 4833 4647 3960 4100 4527 4220 4233 4496 6300+ 4540 7655 7343 6640 7151 6513 9593+ 7112 6857 7286 7056 5840 6992 8752 7292 5798++ 5671++ 4916++ 5258++ 5232++ 6249+ 5079++ 5032++ 5332++ 5117++ 4680++ 5173++ 6177++ 5364 I--' U1
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K-Ratio=100 s.e. Error d.f. C.V. 454 328 36 14 314 231 36 14 684 453 36 11 644 529 48 12 784 661 48 9 1736 562 132 10 11993 Cultural Practices Soil Analysis - pH 5.7, P-I 048, K-I 26, HM% 0.7
Fertilization lIb/acre) February 16, 1993 - 75N, 50 P20S' 50 K20 , August 19, 1993 - 75N Weed Control lIb/acre a.i.) March 31, 1993 - 0.25 Banvel, 0.75 2,4D
For earlier years cultural practices, see Appendix Table 2C.
21993 data average of four replication, 1991 and 1992 data average of five replications. Replication one dropped in 1993 due to crabgrass infestation.
Table 12.
16
FVT 245 Dry forage yields of bermuda and bahiagrass on
Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County,
North car-o Li.na'
Variety
Coastal Bermuda Tifton 44 Bermuda Callie Bermuda Tifton 78 Bermuda
Laurel Springs Bermuda
Tifton 9 Bahia
Pasta Rico Bermuda Tierra Verde Bermuda Guymon Bermuda
Pensacola Bahia
Mean of Test
L.S.D. Waller Duncan
K Ratio=100
s.e.
Error d.f. C.V.
Harvest Dates 19932 1993
5/2 6/28 7/29 8/24 Total
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage3
1767 1189 1193 3415 7563+
1627 1076 1141 3377 7220++
1027 1372 1197 3114 6710++
1309 1095 948 2465 5817
1504 618 617 2310 5049
1048 580 940 1919 4487
178 398 324 1754 2654
178 265 368 1546 2357
40 143 308 1471 1962
28 63 142 256 490
871 680 718 2163 4431
445 228 270 668 1352
378 197 229 566 1160
36 36 36 36 36
43 29 32 26 26
11993 Cultural Practices Soil Analysis pH 5.6, P-I 094, K-I 60,
HM% 1.1
Fertilization lIb/acre) February 16, 1993 50 P20S' 100 K20 ,
1000 Lime, March 31 - 50 N, May 10 - 45N
July 2 - 50 N, July 29 - 50N
Weed Control lIb/acre a.i.) March 31, 1993 1.5 AAtrex, 1.0 2,4-D
2Considerable growth present in October; was not harvested. will
be burned in Sring of 1994. 3Average of five replications.
Table 13.
17
Biomass: switchgrass variety/management trial - dry forage yields of switchgrass and tall fescue on Lake Wheeler Road Field Laboratory in Wake County
North Carolinal '
Variety/ Treatment
1993 Harvest Dates 6/29 11/23
1993 Total
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage2 Two Cut Management
Alamo3
Cave-In-Rock Kanlo
Shelter NC 2-16 NC 1-16
Ky 31 Fescue One Cut Management
Alamo3 Kanlo
Cave-In-Rock Shelter
NC 2-16 NC 1-16 Mean of Test
L.S.D. Waller Duncan K Ratio=100 s.e.
Error d.f.
C. V. 18
2978 4033 3284 2713 1630
2928
981 515
8
21
4357 7335+
2802 6835++
3276 6561
2088 4801
895 895
467 467
3180 4810
5750 5750
5105 5105
3963 3963
3005 3005
791 791
518 518
2784 3911
889 1105
580 724
24 24
19
11993 cultural Practices Planted May 22, 1992. NCl-16 and NC2-16 reseeded on June 8, 1993.
1993 Soil Test pH 6.3, P-I 166+, K-I 70, HM% 0.8.
Fertilization lIb/acre) March 31, 1993 - 125 P20S ' 125 K20 ;
May 10, 1993 - 45N; July 2, 1993 - SON.
Weed Control lIb/acre a.i.) March 31, 1993 AAtrex 1.5; April 29, 1993 Princep 1.5
Insect Control lIb/acre a.i.) July 20, 1993 Sevin 1.5 2Average of three replications.
3Two cut treatment in June and November one-cut treatment in
November.
20
Appendix Table 2. Cultural practices and fertilization for perennial forages.
A. FVT 239 FESCUE (Wake County)
Seeded September 10, 1990 at rate of 25 lbs/acre in 9-inch rows on a Cecil soil. Soil test report at planting: pH 6.2, P-I 056, K-I 26, HM% 0.7.
Fertilization llbs/acrel
Date H
£&5
E&
September 10, 1990 50 50 50 February 28, 1990 75
August 27, 1991 75
February 4, 1992 75 50 50 Septmber 9, 1992 75
Weed Control llbs/acre a.i.) February 4, 1992 June 12, 1992
1 lb. 2,4-0
1 lb. 2,4-0
1993 Soil Test pH 5.7, P-I 166+, K-I 30, HM% 0.9
B. FVT 240 ORCHARDGRASS (Wake County)
Seeded September 10, 1990 at rate of 20 lb/acre in 9 inch rows on a Cecil soil. Soil test at planting: pH 5.6, P-I 142, K-I 81, HM% 0.7.
Fertilization lIb/acre)
September 10, 1990 50 February 28, 1991 75 August 27, 1991 75 February 4, 1992 75 September 9, 1992 75 Weed Control (lbs/acre a.i.)
50 50
February 4, 1992 June 12, 1992
1 lb. 2,4-0
21
C. FVT 241 RYEGRASS (Wake County)
Seeded September 10, 1990 at rate of: Perennial ryegrass 35 lb/acre, rescue 25 lb/acre, and chickory 25 lb/acre in 9 inch rows on a Cecil soil.
Fertilization CIb/acre)
September 10, 1990 50 February 28, 1991 75 August 27, 1991 75 February 4, 1992 75 September 9, 1992 75
Weed Control Clbs/acre a.i.)
50 50
February 4, 1992
June 12, 1992
1 lb. 2,40
1 lb. 2,40
1993 Soil Test pH 6.2, P-I 092, K-I 58, HM% 0.7 D. FVT 244 ALFALFA (WAKE COUNTY)
Seeded September 5, 1991 at rate of 20 lb/acre on a Cecil soil. Soil test at planting: pH 6.0, P-I 084, K-I 98, HM% 0.7.
Fertilization CIb/acre)
Boron
September 5, 1991 16 96 96 3
Insect Control lIb/acre a.i.)
Preparedby:
Dorsey W. Daniel, J. Paul Mueller and James T. Green Crop Science Extension Specialists
Publishedby
The North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service
Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914. Employment and program opportunities are offeredtoall people regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or handicap. North Carolina State University, North Carolina A&T State University, U.S. Department of Agriculture. and local governments cooperating.
CONSERVING OUR FUTURE
WHAT WE CAN DO!
The future of North Carolina's agriculture depends on our ability to protect and efficiently utilize our soil and water resources. Here's what we can do:
To Protect Soil Resources
• Use tillage methods which reduce erosion and conserve moisture.
• Match crops to capabilities of individual fields.
• Maintain soil productivity by proper use of drainage and nutrients.
To Protect Water Resources
• Match nutrient and pesticide applications to crop needs.
• Use conservation practices (e.g. waterways, field borders, contours, cover crops) to reduce runoff of surface water.
• Plan irrigations to meet crop needs and reduce runoff.
North Carolina
Cooperative Extension Service
NORTIICAROLINA STATEUNIVERSITY
