FORAGE
CROPS VARIETY TESTING
EVALUATION OF FORAGE CROPS VARIETIES IN NORTH CAROLINA
Numerous forage crops are grown on farms allover North Carolina. The data presented here are summaries of variety tests and are given in one publication for the convenience of persons interested in anyone or a number of different forages.
Summer annual grasses (Part I), perennial cool-season forages (Part II) and winter annual grasses (Part III) were tested in 1967. It is anticipated that in years to come a larger number of tests with more species will be included in this annual publication.
The separate parts of this report are complete in that each gives information on experimental procedure, locations, and data gathered.
The purpose of this publication is to furnish farmers, seedsmen, agricultural workers, and other interested persons with readily avail-able information with which they can compare hybrids and varieties of forage crops as they may be used for grazing or hay (silage information is included in Research Reports on field crop variety tests).
INTRODUCTION . • . . .
PART I. Summer Annual Grasses • Agencies Sponsoring Entries EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Cultural Practices . . . . .
Harvesting and Sampling . • • .
Formulae . • . . . .
Geographical and Climatological Information RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Coastal Plain, Yields, Long-Term Averages Willard, Yields • • • • . • • • • . .
Temperature and Precipitation Rocky Mount, Yields . • • • . . .
Dry Matter Percentage
Crude Protein, Crude Fiber . Summary, Season Performance Temperature and Precipitation Piedmont, Yields, Long-Term Averages •
Reidsville, Yields . . • • . . . . • • • . Dry Matter Percentages . • . .
Temperature and Precipitation
Salisbury, Yields. . . • . . . • . . .
Dry Matter Percentages . . . . Crude Protein, Crude Fiber Percentages . . . · Summary, Season Performance
Temperature and Precipitation Southern Mountains, Asheville, Yields •
Dry Matter Percentages • · · · · ·
Crude Protein, Crude Fiber Percentages · · · · Summary, Season Performance
Temperature and Precipitation PART II. PERENNIAL COOL SEASON FORAGES
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE Cultural Practices Harvesting and Sampling RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Piedmont, University Research Farm, Unit #1
Geographical and Climatological Information . . • . • . 37
Orchardgrass, Dry Yields, Two-Year Summary 38 Orchardgrass, Crude Protein, 1967 . . . • 38
Fescuegrass, Dry Yields, Two-Year Summary • . . . 39
Fescuegrass, Crude Protein, 1967 . . . 39
Red Clover, Dry Yields, Two-Year Summary . . . 40
Ladino Clover, Dry Yields . . 40
Temperature and Precipitation . • . . 41 PART III. WINTER ANNUAL GRASSES
Agencies Sponsoring Entries • . EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE .
Cultural Practices . . . • . . . Harvesting and Sampling •
Geographical and Climatological Information • . RESULTS AND DISCUSSION • • . . . . .
Piedmont, University Research Farm, Unit #1, Raleigh Dry Yields • . . • .
Crude Protein Percentages . . Summary, Season Performance. Coastal Plain, Long-Term Averages • .
Willard, Dry Yields, 1963-64 . .
Dry Yields, 1964-65 . • . • • • .
Dry Yields, 1966-67 . • • • . • . . . . Crude Protein Percentages, 1966-67 • . . . Summary, Season Performance . .
Rocky Mount, Dry Yields, 1963-64 • • . . . .
42
43 44 44 44 44 45
Part I
Summer Annual Grasses Simulated Grazing Trials
The performance of different varieties of numerous species of forage crops in different areas of the state depends on their adaptation to the soil and climatic conditions of the particular area in which they are grown. Sorghum-sudangrass hybrids, sudangrass, and pearl millet varietie~
were tested at five locations in 1967. One of these locations was in the Southern Mountains Region where no previous summer annual forages had been
tested by this institution. The test was located about three miles west, south-west of Asheville on the farm of Mr. Charles H. Ford, Sr.
The Forage Crops Variety Testing Program expresses appreciation to Mr. Ford and to Mr. W. R. Palmer, County Extension Chairman, for their
assistance in making this location possible.
The data provide information on the performance of commercial and experimental varieties. Such information provides a guide for the breeder in developing new varieties as well as a guide for the agricultural
workers and farmers choosing varieties for a particular area.
Table 1. Name, address, and hybrid designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1967 North Carolina Summer Annual Simulated Grazing Performance trials.
Name
Asgrow Seed Company
DeKalb Agricultural Assoc.
Farmer's Forage Research Coop.
Frontier Hybrids, Inc.
w.
R. Grace & Co. Sawan DivisionGilbreath Seed & Grain Co.
Northrup, King and Co.
Paymaster Seeds
Pioneer Corn Co., Inc.
Taylor-Evans Seed Co.
Todd Hybrid Sales, Inc.
Agri. Research Ser., USDA
Address
1216 Logan Circle, N. W. Atlanta, Georgia 30318 Route 2,
Lubbock, Texas Route 2, Box 290
Lafayette, Indiana 47906 Box 366
Scott City, Kansas 67871 Box 10603
Charlotte, N. C. 28201 Box 429
Muleshoe, Texas Box 439
Atmore, Alabama 36502 Box 1630
Plainview, Texas 79073 221 N. Main Street Tipton, Indiana Box 480
Tulia, Texas Box 66
Abbottstown, Pa. 17301 Beltsville, Maryland
Hybrid Designation Asgrow Grazer A
Sudax SX-12 Sudax SX-5 FFR-66
Hidan 39 a
R P Mor Su
"Honey Sweet"
N K Sordan
Sweet Sioux
Pioneer 985
T-E Haygrazer
T-E
Grazemaster Hay-Chow 21 Hay-Chow S-G 50 Gahi I Millet Gahi I I Millet Starr Millet Greenleaf Sudan Suhi I Sudan Tenn. Syn. 111Nine inches existed be-Experimental Procedure
A randomized, complete-block design was used with five replicates. Plots consisted of four rows, 7 in. apart and 20 ft. long.
tween varieties and the full length of all rows was used to determine yields. Alleys between replicates were seeded to a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid and were cut out before each harvest.
Cultural Practices
Each location received 500 lb./acre of a complete fertilizer before seeding. The analysis was 5-10-10 for each location except for Willard which was 6-6-12. Ammonium nitrate (33.5-0-0) was applied as follows: 40 lb. elemental nitrogen per acre (N/A) two weeks prior to the first harvest, and 40 lb. N/A after each harvest. The Willard location received 50 lb. N/A
prior to being reseeded. Initial fertilizer was in accordance with soil tests. Plots were seeded with a four-row, plot seeder equipped with a seed
divider. Seed were measured for each plot after a weight/volume had been established for each variety and divided four ways before being deposited into the furrow. Sorghum types were planted at 40 lb./acre, sudangrass and sudan-grass types at 30 lb./acre and millets at 25 lb./acre. Seeding rates were adjusted on the basis of germination as determined in our laboratory.
Seeding dates were May 1, 2, 12, 13, and 17 for Willard, Rocky Mount, Reidsville, Salisbury, and Asheville respectively. The Willard location was reseeded June 9 after an error in the first planting was detected.
previous tests. Crabgrass became a problem by the middle of the season at all locations except Salisbury. "Goosegrass" and "nutgrass" were also problems at Willard and Asheville. Weeds were either removed from the sample before weighing, or the amount of weeds was estimated and subtracted from the sample weight. Weeds were hand separated from all samples from which chemical data was to be taken. Harvesting and Sampling
The number of harvests varied with each location but harvests were made at a time when most varieties were 30 to 36 in. tall. Rocky Mount was an exception in that the second and fourth harvests were delayed by wet field conditions. The millets and sorghum-sudan hybrids were 48 to 60 in. tall.
Harvests were made with a self-propelled flail knife, chopper designed especially for small plot work. The cutter-head height was hydraulically main-tained at 6 in. above ground and the chopped material was deposited in a bag. The wheels were spaced such that they straddled the 4 harvest rows and the stubble was not damaged.
Green weights were recorded for each plot directly as they were cut. Sub-samples were taken from replications one, three, and five, and their weights were recorded. These sub-samples constituted approximately twenty-five percent of the total and were dried at 1600 Fahrenheit. On harvests where the growth was not excessive, the entire sample was dried. Moisture remaining in the sub-samples was determined by the analytical laboratory to be between three and seven percent with most samples being around five percent. No attempt was made to standardize dry-weight yields.
Only three locations, one in each of the three geographic regions, were used from which to gather chemical data.
After drying, samples were ground through a hammer mill, and a representative portion of the sample was taken before grinding through a Wiley Mill.
Samples used for crude fiber determinations were ground through a hammer mill and then composited by harvests over t e season constituting ten percenth of the total dry yield. This resulted in three crude fiber determinations on each variety tested. The A 0 A C· · · · meth d0 was used to determine crude fiber percent. Nitrogen was analyzed by the Kjeldahl Process.
Formulae for computing various chemical values were: Digestible Protein Percent = (0.93 x CP) - 3.32, Total Digestible Nutrients Percent
=
79.40 _(0.69 x CF) and Estimated Net Energy Percent
=
75.97 - (0.96 x CF). The crude fiber (CF) figure used was on an absolute dry basis. Crude Protein was calcu-lated as percent nitrogen multiplied by 6.25 and is reported on an as-sent-to-the-laboratory basis. Moisture in these samples would have been comparable to the moisture present in the samples used for crude fiber determinations which was seven percent or less.Geographical and Climatological Information
All tests, except for the one at Asheville (Southern Mountains) were located on state owned research farms and, except for Reidsville (Piedmont), all locations had good moisture most of the season. Temperatures ran somewhat below normal, especially early in the season (see Climatological tables for each location). Reidsville experienced severe drought most of the season. This likely contri-buted to the high coefficient of variability (C.V.) shown on yields for this location.
Coastal Plain Research Station (Willard): This station is in the south-eastern section of the state and is approximately fifty feet above sea level. Soils are fair to poorly drained and are of the fine to very fine sandy-loam texture.
Upper Coastal Plain Research Station (Rocky Mount): Located in the northern half of the North Carolina Coastal Plain, this station has mostly well drained,
light gray to brown sandy loam surface soils with yellow, brown or reddish-brown friable sandy clay loam subsoils. Elevation of the area is approximately one-hundred feet above sea level.
Upper Piedmont Research Station (Reidsville): This station is on the western edge of the northern Piedmont. Slopes are mostly 5 to 18 percent and
considerable land is severely eroded. Soils are gray sandy 10ams with yellow to brown friable to very firm sandy clay subsoils. Elevation at the station is eight-hundred and ninety feet above sea level.
Buncombe County (Asheville): Halewood-Hayesvil1e, gray-brown loam to red clay soils between mountains, having yellow to red friable loam to firm clay loam subsoils. Slopes are mostly 7 to 25 percent and soils are difficult to handle because of slope and erosion. Most soils have had severe to very severe erosion. Elevation of farm lands in the area is approximately nineteen-hundred to twenty-five hundred feet above sea level. The average length of freeze-free growing season is approximately 180 days. The average date of last occurrence in spring of a temperature as low as 320 Fahrenheit is about April 17. The average date of first occurrence in fall of a temperature as low as 320 Fahrenheit is about
October 14.
Results and Discussion
locations in North Carolina in 1967: Two in the Coastal Plain, two in the
Piedmont and one in the Southern Mountains. Yields (by dates and for the season), dry matter percentages and protein and fiber content are given. Various formulae used to compute chemical values are shown in the Experimental Procedure section of this report. Due to the inability of the analytical laboratory to handle the increased load over the years, no HCN (prussic or hydrocyanic acid) samples were taken. Averages, over years, are given for varieties that were tested for more than one year.
Dry forage yields ranged from 2.95 to 5.10 tons/acre at one location in the Piedmont, from 4.22 to 6.66 tons/acre at one location in the Coastal Plain, and from 2.01 to 4.94 tons/acre in the Southern Mountains. Combined-location summaries were not made this year due to the poor results obtained at two locations (one
in the Coastal Plain and one in the Piedmont).
No attempt is made to specify the superiority of any variety. It would seem, however, that those varieties which are above the mean for a particular test would offer more potential than the others. One must examine all characters over a period of years to determine which variety might be best suited for a particular climatic region, soil type, period of production, or specific farm need.
The fact is recognized here that different results may be obtained from the various summer annual grasses when managed under different systems of fertilization and harvesting. Generally, one might expect total yield to increase under a two to three cut system as opposed to a four or more cut system. Relative value of the forage removed would decrease with fewer cuttings. Higher rates of nitrogen would tend to hold the protein level up.
Weeds present a problem in certain fields where one may desire to grow summer annual forages. Millets, when drilled or broadcast, tend to shade and suppress weeds more than the sorghum-sudangrass hybrids. Early planting seems to have an advantage over late planting in so far as the weed problem is concerned.
Chemical weed control may be employed in certain cases but recommendations listed in the most recent North Carolina Pesticide Manual should be followed. The kinds and amounts of chemicals listed for sorghums or sorghum-sudangrass hybrids would not necessarily be correct for the millets. Work is continuing each year to evaluate chemicals for use in weed control in forages.
Summer annual grasses vary in their period of peak performance. For example, under a grazing type management, millets generally have a lower yield on the first harvest than the sorghum-sudangrass hybrids. But, by the second and third harvests, millets have comparatively higher yields. Some of the sorghum-sudans tend to
have an even distribution of production throughout the season while others tend to produce heavier late in the season.
is to be grazed. Young new growth, after a light frost has occurred, or partially killed material may be high in prussic acid content and is potentially dangerous.
Stands were somewhat less than perfect in 1967, but were totally sufficient on all except two of the varieties (Hay Chow S-G 50 and Hay Chow 21). Poor stands can partially be attributed to the extremely cool, wet spring. However, one
should always buy seed with a high potential germination and which has been treated with a fungicide. The rate of seeding should always be adjusted up if it is
Table 2. Forage yield, and other yield and quality determinations, of summer annual grasses under simulated grazing. Two-year, three-year and four-year average for Coastal Plain area
.ll
1966-1967 1965-1967 1964-1967
Dry Crude Dry Crude Dry Crude
Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein
~ (Tons) (lb.) (lb.) (Tons) (lb.) (lb.) (Tons) (lb.)
Gahi II Millet 1470 6999 5.5 1385
Gahi I Millet 1402 6984 5.5 1319
T-E Haygrazer 1291 5950 4.4 1174
SX-12 1302 6060 4.4 1168
T-E Grazemaster 1132 5037 3.9 1053
Sweet Sioux 1153 5649 4.2 1037
Greenleaf 1014 4629 3.1 902
N K Sordan 4.4 1184 5633
FFR-66 5.1 1622 6645
Asgrow Grazer A 5.0 1457 6361
Suhi I 5.5 1515 6718
Table 3. Fora~e yields of summer annual grasses under simu1~ted grazing at W~llard (Coastal Plain), North Carolina, 1967.1/
July 11 Green Wt. Dry Wt.
(Tons/A.) (Tons/A.) Dry Matter (%) Green Wt. (Tons/A. )
*
July 28 Dry Wt. (Tons/A. ) Dry Matter (%) Season's Totals Green ~N K Sordan T-E Haygrazer
T-E
Grazemaster Hi-dan 39 a FFR-66 Pioneer 985 Grazer A Honey Sweet SX-5 SX-12 Sweet Sioux Gahi 1 Millet Gahi 2 Millet Starr Millet Greenleaf Suhi ITenn. Syn. 4F1 NB 280 S
c.v.
%
L.SoD. (.05) L,S.D. (.01) 7.56 7.49 7.42 6.11 7.12 8.74 7.72 6.82 8.95 8.38 8.27 9.80 8.68 8.88 4.05 6.30 6.73 6.29 7.52 15.3 1.42 1.87 .84 .81 .91 .62 .74 1.03 .87 .74 .97 .95 .93 .90 .81 .86 .55 .65 .78 .68 .81 16.3 .17 .22 11.0 10.9 12.2 10.2 10.4 11.7 11.3 10.9 10.8 11.4 11.3 9.2 9.3 9.8 13.7 10.2 11.6 11.1 10.9 7.8 1.1 1.4 13.60 13.50 12.50 1.50 1.68 1.44 11.0 12.4 11.5 23.40 22.18 21.38 2.40 2.49 2.301/
Average of five replicates. .Table
4.
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and precipitation in inches at Willard (Coastal Plain), N. C. growing season 1966-1967.Departure
Month Mean from long Highest Date Lowest Date
term mean
Oct. 63.7 -0.3 87 1 33 31
Nov. 53.3 -1.0 80 11 24 24+
Dec. 44.9 -2.0 77 10 20 4
Jan. 47.6 0.3 74 25+ 21 12
Feb. 44.8 -3.7 72 1 13 25
Mar. 56.0 1.9 85 15 21 2
Apr. 63.9 1.4 91 7 34 29
May 67.3 -3.0 95 29 41 10
June 72.5 -4.7 91 24 51 9
July 77.3 -2.3 92 12 59 5
Aug. 76.4 -2.2 91 2 58 16+
Sept. 67.9 -6.2 87 19+ 42 24
+
also earlier date or datesDeparture No. of days with
Month Total from long Greatest in Date precipitation
term mean 24 hours 0.10 in. or over
Oct. 0.49 -2.29 0.18 2 2
Nov. 1.23 -1.65 0.66 2 3
Dec. 4.38 1.11 2.25 13 8
Jan. 3.90 1.04 0.66 10 8
Feb. 4.64 1.10 2.36 7 8
Mar. 0.77 -2.90 0.30 21 4
Apr. 2.59 -0.17 1.42 26 4
May 3.18 -0.48 0.81 13 10
June 3.14 -1.59 0.88 19 8
July 10.59 3.03 2.30 7 12
Aug. 3.30 -2.68 0.92 12 7
Table 5. Forage yield of summer annual grasses under simulated grazing at Rocky Mount (Coastal Plain), North Carolina, 1967.1/
Yield of forage per acre (tons)
6-22-67 7-10-67 7-31-67 8-31-67 Season's Totals
Entry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry
NK Sordan 7.78 1.03 10.58 1.28 7.46 1.07 8.59 1.87 34.4 5.2
T-E Haygrazer 6.96 .90 11.24 1.37 7.00 .93 9.28 1.71 34.5 4.9
Grazemaster 6.79 .92 9.24 1.15 6.77 .97 9.53 1.75 32.3 4.8
Hi-dan 39a 6.88 .88 11.26 1.24 7.46 .93 91110 1.79 34.7 4.8
FFR-66 8.11 .97 12.49 1.43 8.13 1009 10.57 1.97 39.3 5.5
Pioneer 985 7.83 1.09 10.11 1.24 7.03 1.06 7.91 1.83 32.9 5.2 Asgrow Grazer A 7.52 .98 9055 1.29 7.35 1.03 9.69 1.87 34.1 5.2 Honey Sweet 5.98 .81 11.85 1.42 7.49 1.04 10.05 1.91 35.4 5.2
SX-s 8.32 1.11 10.50 1.24 8.35 1.07 7.73 1.44 34.9 4.9
SX-l2 7.16 .95 11.80 1.52 7.83 1.02 8.63 1.56 35.4 5.0
Sweet Sioux 7.46 1.00 11.15 1.37 7.29 .97 8.49 1.57 34.4 4.9
Gahi 1 Millet 7.29 .89 22.25 2.26 9.90 1.16 15.80 2.35 55.2 6.7 Gahi 2 Millet 7.13 .90 22.26 2.16 9.75 1.11 15.41 2.26 54.6 6.4 Starr Millet 6.54 .80 19.82 1.90 10.32 1.00 11.65 1.60 48.3 5.3
Greenleaf 4.78 .72 9.46 1.19 6041 .92 6.58 1.39 27.2 4.2
Suhi 1 4.23 .60 14.00 1.70 7.73 .85 10.57 2.09 36.5 5.2
Tenn. Syn. 1F1 6.79 .94 10.67 1.45 7.24 .92 8.49 1.69 33.2 5.0
NB 280 S 7.82 1.06 12.50 1.59 7.18 .90 8.11 1.72 35.6 5.3
Mean of Test 6.96 .92 12.82 1.49 7.82 1.00 9.79 1080 37.4 5.2
c.
V. % 12.3 12.7 15.3 17.3 12.9 14.4 11.9 12.1 8.2 8.4L.S.D. ( .05) 1.07 .14 2.44 .32 1.25 .18 1.45 .27 3.8 .5
L.S.D. (.01) 1.40 .19 3.20 .42 1.64 .24 1.91 .36 5.0 .7
Table 6. Percent dry matter of summer annual grasses at variou~/harvests
at Rocky Mount (Coastal Plain), North Carolina,
1967.-Dry
matter by dates (%)Entry 6-22-67 7-10-67 7-31-67 8-31-67 Average*
NK Sordan 13.2 12.1 14.5 21.8 15.3
T-E Haygrazer 12.9 12.2 13.3 18.4 14.3
Grazemaster 13.7 12.5 14.4 18.5 14.9
Hi-dan 39a 12.9 11.0 12.5 19.9 14.0
FFR-66 12.1 11.5 13.4 18.6 13.9
Pioneer 985 13.8 12.2 15.1 23.1 15.9
Asgrow Grazer A 13.2 13.7 14.2 19.3 15.2
Honey Sweet 13.6 12.0 13.9 19.1 14.7
SX-5 13.3 11.8 1209 18.8 13.9
SX-12 13.4 12.9 13.1 18.5 14.3
Sweet Sioux 13.5 12.3 13.3 18.5 14.3
Gahi 1 Millet 12.2 10.1 11.7 14.9 12.0
Gahi 2 Millet 12.5 9.7 11.4 14.7 11.8
Starr Millet 12.3 9.6 907 13.8 11.0
Greenleaf 15.1 12.6 14.4 21.1 15.5
Suhi 1 14.3 12.2 11.2 19.8 14.4
Tenn. Syn. IFl 13.8 13.6 12.8 20.0 15.1
NB 280 S 13.6 12.7 12.7 21.3 14.8
1./
Average of three replicates.Table 7. Percentages, by harvests, of crude protein and digestible protein, and percentages of crude fiber for the season, Rocky Mount (Coastal Plain), North Carolina, 1967.1/
1 2 3 4 Crude
C.P. D.P. C.Po D.P. C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. Fiber
~ % % % % % % % % %
NK Sordan 20.7 15.9 19.1 14.5 18.1 13.6 11.8 7.7 31.4
T-E Haygrazer 21.3 16.5 20.1 15.4 18.1 13.6 12.1 8.0 31.0
T-E Grazemaster 20.6 15.8 19.1 14.4 19.2 14.5 11.7 7.6 30.4
Hi-dan 39a 21.5 16.7 19.1 14.5 19.2 14.5 12.5 8.3 31.6
FFR-66 21.5 16.6 19.1 14.4 19.9 15.1 12.8 8.6 31.0
Pioneer 985 19.9 15.1 19.3 14.6 18.7 14.0 12.2 8.0 29.7
Asgrow Grazer A 20.5 15.8 18.8 14.2 17.8 13.3 12.2 8.0 30.6
Honey Sweet 22.6 17.7 19.0 14.3 20.4 15.7 11.4 7.3 30.8
SX-5 20.2 15.5 19.4 14.7 19.2 14.5 12.4 8.2 32.0
SX-12 21.0 16.2 19.1 14.4 19.8 15.1 12.5 8.3 30.9
Sweet Sioux 19.6 14.9 17.6 13.0 18.7 14.1 11.0 6.9 31.8
Gahi 1 Millet 24.7 19.6 17.0 12.5 19.5 14.8 10.8 6.8 30.0
Gahi 2 Millet 24.9 19.8 17.9 13.3 21.9 17.0 11.3 7.2 30.1
Starr Millet 24.3 19.2 19.0 14.3 21.6 16.7 12.6 8.4 30.6
Greenleaf 20.5 15.7 18.5 13.9 19.7 15.0 10. 7 6.6 29.2
Suhi 1 22.3 17.4 15.9 11.4 21.1 16.3 10.3 6.2 31.4
Tenn. Syn. 1F1 19.6 14.9 19.0 14.4 17.8 13.3 9.8 5.8 28.7
NB 280 S 20.3 15.6 17.0 12.5 19.1 14.4 10.3 6.2 31.0
Mean of Test 21.4 16.6 18.5 13.9 19.4 14.8 11.6 7.4 30.7
c.v.
% 4.0 4.8 8.0 9.9 5.9 7.2 8.5 12.2 6.1L.S.D. ( .05) 1.4 1.3 2.4 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 3.0
L.S.D. (.01) 1.8 1.7 3.1 2.9 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.9 4.0
Table 8. Performance of summer annual grasses for the season at Rocky Mount (Coastal Plain), North Carolina, 1967.1/
Digestible Total Digestible Estimated Dry Wt. Crude Protein Protein Nutrients Net Energy
Entry (Tons) % 1b/acre % 1bla % 1b/acre % 1b/acre
NK Sordan 5.2 16.6 1701 12.2 1241 57.7 5916 45.8 4694
T-E Haygrazer 4.9 17.1 1764 12.6 1298 58.0 5973 46.2 4757
T-E Grazemaster 4.8 16.6 1597 12.1 1166 58.3 5613 46.7 4493
Hi-dan 39a 4.8 17.1 1604 12.5 1180 57.6 5412 45.6 4288
FFR-66 5.5 17.4 1952 12.9 1443 58.0 6509 46.2 5187
Pioneer 985 5.2 16.8 1685 12.3 1234 58.9 5902 47.4 4754
Asgrow Grazer A 5.2 16.5 1702 12.1 1241 58.3 6010 46.6 4804
Honey Sweet 5.2 16.9 1750 12.4 1284 58.2 6019 46.4 4805
SX-5 4.9 17.3 1801 12.7 1328 57.3 5981 45.2 4721
SX-12 5.0 17.5 1765 13.0 1307 58.1 5845 46.3 4658
Sweet Sioux 4.9 16.0 1560 11.6 1127 57.5 5619 45.5 4452
Gahi 1 Millet 6.7 16.2 2037 11.7 1470 58.7 7471 47.1 5991
Gahi 2 Millet 6.4 17.2 2214 12.6 1629 58.6 7582 47.1 6091
Starr Millet 5.3 18.3 1869 13.7 1397 58.3 5983 46.6 4786
Greenleaf 4.2 16.3 1458 11.9 1060 59.3 5294 48.0 4288
Suhi 1 5.2 15.2 1659 10.8 1180 57.7 6319 45.8 5015
Tenn. Syn. 111 5.0 15.5 1532 11.0 1097 59.6 5888 48.4 4783
NB 280 S 5.3 15.9 1670 11.5 1203 58.0 6109 46.2 4867
Mean of Test 5.2 16.7 1740 12.2 1271 58.2 6080 46.5 4857
c.
VO % 8.4 3.8 6.3 4~9 6.5 2.27.7 3.9 8.4
L.S.D. ( .05) .5 1.0 176 1.0 132 2.1 747 2.9 650
L.S.00 ( .01) . 7 1.3 232 1.3 174
2.7 982 3.8 854
Table 9. Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and precipitation in inches at Rocky Mount (Coastal Plain), N. C., growing season, 1966-1967.
Departure
Month Mean from long Highest Date Lowest Date
term mean*
Oct. 59.8 -1.7 84 1 27 31
Nov. 51.2 -1.5 80 11 23 24+
Dec. 41.5 -1.0 78 10 16 4
Jan. 45.4 4.4 77 24 20 12
Feb. 41.0 3.5 73 1 9 25
Mar. 51.9 1.1 82 15 17 18
Apr.
May 64.3 -5.0 94 28 40 25
June 71.3 -3.8 92 24+ 47 1
July 77.3 -1.1 91 25+ 56 5
Aug. 75.3 -2.3 91 3+ 57 15
Sept. 66.7 -5.4 86 28+ 42 30+
+
Also earlier date or dates.*
Long term mean for temperature based on eleven years, 1955-1965.Departure No. of days with
Month Total from long Greatest in Date precipitation
term mean* 24 hours 0.10 in. or over
Oct. .80 -1.95 .48 1 2
1.38 -1.84 .53 28 3
Nov.
3.24 .20 1.72 13 6
Dec.
3.65 .21 1.56 8 6
Jan.
4.59 .81 1.05 7 9
Feb.
1.15 -2.69 .72 21 2
Mar. Apr.
9
2.79 .70 .52 23
May
-6.83 2.44 2.66 19 5
June
-1.86 .91 30 10
July 4.26
5.64 3.23 11 13
Aug. 11.32
1.82 3.43 10 6
Sept. 6.00 1955-1967.
term mean for precipitation based on 13 years,
Table 10. Forage yield, and other yield and quality determinations, of summer annual grasses under simulated grazing. Two- 1/ year, three-year and four-year averages for Piedmont
area.-1966-1967 1965-1967 1964-1967
Dry Crude Dry Crude Dry Crude
Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein
~ (Tons) (lb.) (lb.) (Tons) (lb.) (lb.) (Tons) (lb.)
s-x
12 1305 5119 1355 5323 4.5 1397T-E Haygrazer 1307 5143 1358 5343 4.4 1394
Gahi I Millet 1175 4154 1332 4636 4.0 1411
s.
Sioux 1217 4915 1245 4967 4.2 1310Gahi II Millet 1135 3929 1246 4262 3.6 1317
R P Mor Su 1295 5129 1263 4968 4.3 1315
Greenleaf 976 3733 1015 3974 3.6 1096
T-E Grazemaster 1367 5210 1222 4613 4.0 1295
N
K Sordan 1239 48154.2
1247 4880Hay Chow 21 1152 4532 4.0 1233 4815
Starr Millet 879 3003 3.0 1039 3457
Asgrow Grazer A 4.7 1287 5197
FFR-66 4.6 1372 5442
Table 11. Forage yield of summer annual grasses under itmu1ated grazing at Reidsville (Piedmont), North Carolina, 1967.-'
Yield of forage per acre (tons)
7-5-67 8-1-67 8-28-67 Season's Totals
~ Green
Dry
Green Dry GreenDry
Green DrySordan 1.97 .39 2.66 .52 3.55 .69 8.18 1.60
Haygrazer 2.10 .42 3.52 .68 3.34 .59 8.96 1.69
Grazemaster 2.36 .48 3.36 .62 2.83 .52 8.55 1.62
Hi-dan 39 a 2.34 .49 3.80 .70 3.83 .67 9.97 1.87
FFR-66 1.77 .38 3.51 .63 3.80 .62 9.08 1.64
Pioneer 985 2.40 .48 3.16 .61 2.36 .46 7.92 1.56
Grazer A 2.16 .44 3.34 .66 3.67 .67 9.16 1.77
SX-5 2.65 .56 3.36 .63 2.88 .55 8.89 1.73
SX-12 1.39 .27 3.07 .64 3.36 .56 7.82 1.47
S. Sioux 2.40 .48 3.40 .66 3.02 .57 8.81 1. 71
Hay Chow 21 .81 .17 2.73 .50 2.30 .47 5.84 1.14
H. C. S-G 50 1.77 .34 2.75 .58 2.67 .74 7.19 1.67
Gahi 1 Millet 3.05 .54 6.46 1.06 7.63 1.17 17.14 2.76
Gahi 2 Millet 2.45 .41 6.33 1.01 7.95 1.22 16~73 2.63
Starr Millet 1.94 .33 4.91 .79 5.04 .75 11.90 1.87
Tenn. Syn. 1 1.12 .23 2.33 .43 2.64 .48 6.09 1.14
N B 280 S 1.65 .33 2.97 .55 2.38 .43 7.00 1.32
Greenleaf .76 .17 1.97 .39 .81 .15 3.54 .71
R P Mor Su 1.95 .40 2.67 .54 3.28 .61 7.91 1.55
Mean of Test 1.95 .39 3.49 .64 3.55 .63 8.98 1.66
C.V. % 43.1 40.2 25.7 24.2 33.6 37_2 25.0 23.9
L.S.D. ( .05) 1.04 .19 1.11 .19 1.48 .29 2.78 .49
L.S.D. ( .01) 1.37 .25 1.46 .25 1.94 .38 3.65 .65
Table 12. Percent dry matter of summer annual grasses at v,rious harvests at Reidsville (Piedmont), North Carolina, 1967.1
Dry matter by dates
(%)
~ 7-5-67 8-1-67 8-28-67 Average*
Sordan 22.2 19.8 19.7 20.1
Haygrazer 22.5 19.6 17.7 19.6
Grazemaster 22.9 18.9 17.9 19.8
Hi-dan 39 a 22.3 18.6 17.5 19.1
FFR-66 23.5 18.5 16.6 18.6
Pioneer 985 22.1 19.6 19.9 20.2
Grazer A 22.8 19.9 18.7 19.8
SX-5 22.1 18.7 18.8 19.6
SX-12 21.6 21.4 16.6 19.8
S. Sioux 22.6 20.1 19.2 20.5
Hay Chow 21 22.7 18.9 19.4 19.9
H. C. S-G 50 21.8 21.8 27.8 24.1
Gahi 1 Millet 18.7 16.5 15.4 16.3
Gahi 2 Millet 18.4 16.1 15.4 16.0
Starr Millet 18.1 16.2 14.9 15.9
Tenn. Syn. 1 21.9 18.7 18.3 19.0
N B 280 S 21.8 19.0 18.7 19.8
Greenleaf 23.5 20.2 18.8 20.8
R P Mor Su 22.4 20.2 18.7 20.0
1/
Average of three replicates.Table 13. Temperature in degrees Fahrenhe1·t and precipitation in inches at Reidsville (Piedmont), N. C., growing season, 1966-1967.
Departure
Month Mean from long
Highest Date Lowest Date term mean
Oct. 56.6 -4.6 83 1 34 31
Nov. 49.6 -1.0 72 28 24 4
Dec. 38.8 -3.5 72 10 14 25
Jan. 41.5 -0.4 75 25 15 20
Feb. 35.4 -7.7 70 2 4 25
Mar. 49.4 3.5 80 27 16 18
Apr. 60.3 0.7 86 8 34 12
May 61.4 -6.7 90 29 41 17
June 70.5 -5.3 93 26 48 3
July 74.5 -3.9 93 13 54 5
Aug. 73.4 -3.9 90 4 56 29+
Sept. 64.6 -6.9 85 21+ 37 30
+
also earlier date or dates.Departure No. of days with
Month Total from long Greatest in Date precipitation
term mean 24 hours 0.10 in. or over
Oct. 3.14 -0.07 1.45 19 5
Nov. 1.65 -1.29 0.68 28 3
2.32 -0.76 0.80 24 5
Dec.
2.34 -1.03 0.41 27 7
Jan.
3.04 -0.22 1.60 18 5
Feb.
1.46 -2.34 0.50 29 4
Mar.
1.32 -2.42 0.80 27 3
Apr.
6.15 2.36 1.23 7 10
May
1.16 -2.35 0.38 30 3
June
-1.84 1.22 21 5
July 2.50
4.67 0.43 1.39 24 9
Aug.
-2.22 0.83 22 4
Table 14. Forage yield of summer annual grasses under simulated grazing at Salisbury (Piedmont), North Carolina, 1967.~/
Yield of forage per acre (tons)
6-27-67 7-13-67 8-2-67 80 0 4 3 0 - 6 7 10-12-67 Season's Totals
Entry Green
Dry
Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry Green DryN K Sordan 3.68 .63 5.31 .68 3.04 .73 8.22 1.26 8.48 1.27 28.7 4.6 T-E Haygrazer 2.96 .50 5.47 .71 2.68 .67 7.75 1.20 8.88 1.35 27.8 4.4 T-E Grazemaster 3.23 .59 6.01 .74 2.97 .72 8.98 1.34 9.35 1.37 30..5 4.8 Hi-dan 39 a 2.91 .53 5.56 .70 3.18 .74 7.32 1.19 8.34 1.34 27.3 4.5
FFR-66 3.41 .58 5.86 .74 3.41 .81 9.83 1.42 10.82 1.53 33.3 5.1
Pioneer 985 3.52 .62 5.54 .71 2.55 .64 7.64 1.28 6.61 1.07 25.9 4.3 Asgrow Grazer A 3.34 .58 6.08 .82 2.79 .68 9.53 1.51 9.48 1.51 31.2 5.1
SX-5 3.06 .54 5.81 .71 3.29 .79 7.11 1.21 6.79 1.10 26.1 4.3
SX-12 3.11 .57 6.40 .82 2.97 .71 8.53 1.26 8.38 1.20 29.4 4.6
S. Sioux 2.92 .51 4.71 .59 3.00 .72 7.20 1.09 8.27 1.30 26.1 4.2
Hay Chow 21 2.19 .37 5.10 .61 2.83 .67 6.74 1.12 7.99 1.28 24.9 4.1 H. C. S-G 50 1.99 .36 5.10 .64 2.83 .65 6.69 1.14 7.07 1.15 23.7 3.9 Gahi 1 Millet 1.45 .26 5.32 .65 4.00 .84 8.05 1.11 2.95 .46 21.8 3.3 Gahi 2 Millet 1.37 .24 5.11 .60 3.96 .83 8.00 1.09 3.28 .52 21.7 3.3 Starr Millet 1.12 .21 5.20 .58 3.94 .83 6.45 .94 2.39 .39 19.1 2.9
Tenn. Syn. 1 2.16 .42 4.47 .57 2.73 .72 5.93 1.06 8.86 1.37 24.2 4.1 N B 280 S 2.94 .52 4.50 .56 3.31 .77 6.27 1.07 6.71 1.05 23.7 4.0 Greenleaf 1.46 .28 4.17 .60 2.33 .63 5.53 1.04 7.46 1.25 21.0 3.8 R P Mar Su 3.34 .58 4.90 .62 3.33 .82 7.84 1.25 8.13 1.29 27.5 4.6
Mean of Test 2.64 .47 5.30 .67 3.11 .73 7.56 1.19 7.38 1.15 26.0 4.2
c.v.
% 18.1 16.9 10.2 9.9 11.3 10.7 8.5 8.3 14.6 14.0 8.3 8.0L.S.D. ( .05) .59 .10 .67 .08 .44 .10 .80 .12 1.34 .20 2.7 .4
L.S.D. ( .01) .77 .13 .88 .11 .57 .13 1.05 .16 1.76 .26 3.5 .5
Table 15. Percent dry matter of summer annual grasses at various harvests at Salisbury (Piedmont), North Carolina, 1967.1/
Dry matter by dates (%)
~ 6-27-67 7-13-67 8-2-67 8-30-67 10-12-67 Average*
N K Sordan 17.2 12.8 24.1 15.3 15.1 15.9
T-E Haygrazer 17.0 13.0 24.8 15.4 15.2 15.9
T-E Grazemaster 18.3 12.4 24.2 14.9 14.6 15.6
Hi-dan 39 a 18.5 12.5 23.3 16.3 16.1 16.5
FFR-66 17.0 12.6 23.7 14.4 14.1 15.2
Pioneer 985 17.6 12.9 25.0 16.7 16.3 16.7
Asgrow Grazer A 17.4 13.5 24.5 15.9 15.9 16.4
SX-5 17.6 12.2 23.9 17.0 16.1 16.6
SX-12 18.5 12.8 24.0 14.8 14.3 15.6
S. Sioux 17.3 12.6 24.0 15.1 15.7 16.1
Hay Chow 21 17.1 12.0 23.8 16.6 16.0 16.3
H. C. S-G 50 18.1 12.6 23.1 17.0 16.3 16.7
Gahi 1 Millet 18.4 12.2 21.0 13.8 15.5 15.2
Gahi 2 Millet 17.4 11.8 21.0 13.6 16.0 15.1
Starr Millet 18.5 11.2 21.0 14.6 16.6 15.5
Tenn. Syn. 1 19.3 12.8 26.3 17.8 15.5 17.1
N B 280 S 17.9 12.5 23.2 17.1 15.8 16.8
Greenleaf 19.0 14.3 27.0 18.9 16.7 18.1
R P Mor Su 17.3 12.7 24.7 15.9 15.9 16.6
l/
Average of three replicates.*
Computed as total dry weight for the season as a percent of totalTable 16. Percentage by harvests, of crude protein and digestible protein, and percentages of cru1e fiber for the season, Salisbury (Piedmont), North Carolina, 1966.
1
1 2 3 4 5 Crude
C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. Fiber
~ % % % % % % % % % % %
NK Sordan 16.2 11.7 19.4 14.7 17.5 13.0 15.0 10.7 16.8 12.3 28.1 T-E Haygrazer 17.8 13.2 19.0 14.3 17.8 13.2 16.4 11.9 16.2 11.8 27.1 T-E Grazemaster 17.1 12.6 19.5 14.8 16.6 12.2 16.7 12.2 16.8 12.3 28.4 Hi-dan 39 a 17.7 13.1 19.7 15.0 16.8 12.3 16.2 11.7 15.9 11.4 28.6
FFR-66 16.0 11.6 20.0 15.3 1.6.9 12.4 16.0 11.6 16.4 11.9 27.8
Pioneer 985 17.1 12.6 18.4 13.8 17.2 12.7 14.9 10.5 17.2 12.7 26.9 Asgrow Grazer A 16.4 11.9 17.5 13.0 17.0 12.5 15.5 11.1 15.6 11.2 26.1
SX-5 16.4 11.9 17.4 12.9 16.0 11.6 14.9 10.5 16.0 11.5 27.5
SX-12 17.1 12.6 17.6 13.0 17.2 12.7 16.9 12.4 17.2 12.7 27.5
S. Sioux 16.9 12.4 19.2 14.5 16.6 12.1 14.8 10.4 15.5 11.1 28.1
Hay Chow 21 18.3 13.7 18.4 13.7 17.5 13.0 14.8 10.4 15.7 11.3 27.0 H. C. S-G 50 18.3 13.7 17.9 13.3 15.9 11.4 15.0 10.6 15.9 11.4 27.8 Gahi 1 Millet 20.6 15.8 21.1 16.3 19.1 14.5 17.6 13.1 17.8 13.2 24.9 Gahi 2 Millet 20.6 15.8 21.9 17.0 19.3 14.6 18.5 14.9 18.3 13. 7 24.3 Starr Millet 20.9 16.1 22.5 17.6 20.3 15.5 19.2 14.5 19.8 15.1 22.7
Tenn. Syn. 1 17.3 12.8 18.5 13.9 16.1 11.7 14.5 10.1 16.0 11.6 26.6
N B 280 S 17.0 12.5 20.1 15.3 15.9 11.4 13.4 9.2 15.9 11.4 26.8
Greenleaf 16.8 12.3 18.8 14.2 17.0 12.5 16.1 11.7 15.8 11.4 25.7
R P Mor Su 18.2 13.6 19.8 15.1 15.8 11.4 15.0 10. 7 15.7 11.3 27.5
Mean of Test
26.8 C.V.%
3.9
L.S.D. (.05) 1.7
L.S.D. ( .01)
Table 17. Performance of summer annual grasses for the season at Sa is ury1 b (Piedmont), North Carolina, 1967.1/
Digestible Total Digestible Estimated Dry Wt. Crude Protein Protein Nutrients Net Energy
!!!m
(Tons) % 1b/acre % 1b/a % 1b/acre % 1b/acreN K Sordan 4.6 16.7 1471 12.2 1075 60.0 5294 49.0 4323
T-E Haygrazer 4.4 17.1 1527 12.6 1124 60.7 5417 49.9 4458 T--E Grazemaster 4.8 17.2 1671 12.7 1231 59.8 5820 48.7 4741
Hi-dan 39 a 4.5 16.9 1434 12.4 1051 59.7 5069 48.5 4123
FFR-66 5.1 16.9 1721 12.4 1262 60.2 6144 49.3 5028
Pioneer 985 4.3 16.7 1397 12.2 1021 60.8 5090 50.1 4194
Asgrow Grazer A 5.1 16.1 1536 11.7 1111 61.4 5857 50.9 4855
SX-5 4.3 16.0 1367 11.5 987 60.4 5178 49.6 4243
SX-12 4.6 17.2 1564 12.6 1152 60.5 5510 49.6 4522
S. Sioux 4.2 16.1 1449 11.7 1049 60.0 5388 49.0 4401
Hay Chow 21 4.1 16.4 1305 12.0 950 60.8 4830 50.0 3977
H. C. S-G 50 3.9 16.1 1262 11.7 914 60.2 4718 49.3 3861
Gahi 1 Millet 3.3 18.9 1307 14.3 986 62.2 4294 52.1 3594 Gahi 2 Millet 3.3 19.5 1269 14.8 964 62.6 4078 52.6 3428
Starr Millet 2.9 20.3 1178 15.6 904 63.8 3694 54.2 3141
Tenn. Syn. 1 4.1 16.1 1302 11.6 942 61.1 4953 50.4 4094
N B 280 S 4.0 15.9 1320 11.5 952 60.9 5049 50.2 4167
Greenleaf 3.8 16.6 1292 12.1 944 61.6 4791 51.3 3984
R P Mar Su 4.6 16.5 1479 12.0 1077 60.4 5428 49.5 4452
Mean of Test 4.2 17.0 1413 12.5 1037 61.0 5084 50.3 4189
c.v.
% 8.0 2.8 7.9 3.5 8.3 1.2 7.2 2.0 7.3L.S.D. (.05) .4 .8 178 .7 137 1.1 583 1.6 489
L.S.D. (.01) .5 1.0 235 .9 180 1.5 766 2.1 643
Table 18. Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and precipitation in inches at Salisbury (Piedmont), N. C., growing season 1966-1967.
Departure
Month Mean from long Highest Date Lowest Date
term mean
Oct. 57.7 -1.5 84 16+ 30 31
Nov. 49.2 -0.8 75 26 22 4
Dec. 41.0 -0.6 73 9 15 25
Jan. 43.1 4.0 75 24 15 12
Feb. 39.4 -2.6 72 1 5 26
Mar. 52.9
4.2
85 15 15 18Apr. 62.8 3.1 89 17+ 30 29
May 64.3 -3.1 92 28 38 10
JQne 71.8 -1.6 94 25+ 50 8+
July 75.8 -1.3 92 28+ 51 5
Aug. 74.7 -1.8 94 3 52 14
Sept. 65.2 -4.8 88 19 35 30
+
Also earlier date or dates.Departure No. of days witb
Month Total from long Greatest in Date prec!pitation
term mean 24 hours 0.10 in. or over
Oct. 2.85 -0.54 1.52 19 4
Nov. 1.00 -1.95 0.67 28 J
Dec. 2.28 -0.47 0.56 29 6
Jan. 2.55 -0.79 0.89 27 5
Feb. 3.43 -0.89 0.91 18 7
Mar. 2.01 -1.98 0.55 21 5
Apr. 1.68 -1.98 0.93 26 4
May 4.53 1.13 1.10 22 8
June 1.26 -3.30 0.42 5 4
July 3.08 -1.13 0.69 7 9
Aug. 6.02 2.18 1.94 23 9
Table 19. Forage yield of summer annual grasses under simulated grazing at Asheville (Southern Mountains), N. C.,1967.
11
Yield of forage per acre (tons)
6-29-67 7-17-67 8-9-67 9-27-67 Season's Totals
Entry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry Green Dry
N K Sordan 5.61 .61 4.83 .56 7.72 .92 18.2 2.1
T-E Haygrazer 5.28 .56 5.76 .68 6.91 .81 4.48 1.03 22.4 3.1
FFR-66 5.68 .57 5.92 .66 8.48 .92 5.29 1.20 25.4 3.4
Pioneer 985 5.77 .67 5.03 .57 8.33 1.02 19.1 2.3
Asgrow Grazer A 5.17 .60 6.37 .71 7.84 .88 3.03 .74 22.4 2.9
SX-5 6.28 .69 4.61 .53 9.35 1.08 20.2 2.3
Gahi 1 Millet 3.88 .33 10.43 1.10 11.31 1.07 10.38 2.08 36.0 4.6
Gahi 2 Millet 3.16 .30 8.64 .92 10.84 1.21 9.55 2.08 32.2 4.5
Starr Millet 3.18 .29 7.96 .77 9.66 .92 5.10 1.10 25.9 3.1
Suhi 1 4.18 .41 6.69 .78 7.61 .91 5.81 1.29 24.3 3.4
Tenn. Syn. 1F1 3.39 .40 5.23 .66 7.53 .95 4.29 1.03 20.4 3.0
N B 280 S 5.64 .53 4.76 .54 9.35 1.07 19.7 2.1
Greenleaf 2.73 .29 5.82 .71 8.49 1.01 17.0 2.0
Mean of Test 4.61 .48 6.31 .71 8.72 .98 5.99 1.32 23.3 3.0
c.v.
% Inadvertently omitted.L.S.D. ( .05) 1.22 .13 1.38 .15 1.65 .18 2.67 .56 3.2 .5
L.S.D. ( .01) 1.61 .17 1.82 .20 2.17 .24 3.60 .76 4.2 .6
Table 20. Percent dry matter of summer annual grasses at various harvests at Asheville (Southern Mountains), N. C., 1967.1/
Dry matter by dates (%)
~ 6-29-67 7-17-67 8-9-67 9-27-67 Average*
N K Sordan 10.9 11.7 11.9 11.5
T-E Haygrazer 10.8 11.9 11.7 23.4 13.7
FFR-66 10.:l 11.1 11.0 24.3 13.2
Pioneer 985 11.5 11.4 12.3 11.8
Asgrow Grazer A 11.8 11.3 11.2 19.8 13.0
SX-5 11.1 11.4 11.8 11.4
Gahi 1 Millet 8.5 10.6 9.,) 20.1 12.8
Gahi 2 Millet 9.6 10.6 11.2 21.8 14.0
Starr Millet 9.2 9.7 9.5 21.9 11.9
Suhi 1 10.0 11.8 12.0 22.9 14.1
Tenn. Syn. 1/1 11.9 12.8 12.8 19.0 14.8
N B 280 S 9.5 11.4 11.4 10.9
Greenleaf 11.1 12.3 11.9 11.9
1/
Average of three replicates.Table 21. Percentage by harvests, of crude protein and digestible protein, and percentages of/crude fiber for the season, Asheville (Southern Mountains), 1967.1
1 2 3 4 Crude
C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. C.P. D.P. Fiber
Entry % % % % % % % % %
N K Sordan 20.2 15.5 19.7 15.0 15.4 11.0 28.7
T-E Haygrazer 21.0 16.2 18.3 13.7 17.7 13.1 14.1 9.8 28.9
FFR-66 20.8 16.0 18.6 13.9 17.3 12.8 12.1 7.9 28.7
Pioneer 985 19.3 14.6 20.0 15.3 13.8 9.5 28.3
Asgrow Grazer A 21.0 16.2 20.8 16.0 16.2 11.8 11.6 7.5 28.5
SX-5 20.8 16.0 21.5 16.7 14.5 10.1 28.6
Gahi 1 Millet 25.0 19.9 19.0 14.3 16.2 11.8 11.6 7.5 29.7
Gahi 2 Millet 25.2 20.1 16.9 12.4 14.6 10.3 10.4 6.3 29.5
Starr Millet 24.8 19.7 19.8 15.1 16.7 12.2 12.1 8.0 29.7
Suhi 1 24.3 19.3 17.8 13.2 16.8 12.3 12.5 8.3 28.9
Tenn. Syn. 1Fl 22.2 17.4 20.7 15.9 17.4 12.9 13.4 9.2 27.8
N B 280 S 21.1 16.3 22.3 17.4 17.1 12.6 28.6
Greenleaf 23.5 18.5 20.9 16.2 16.9 12.4 27.5
of Test 22.2 17.4 19.7 15.0 16.2 11.7 12.2 8.1 28.7
Mean
C.V. % 4.5 5.3 9.9 12.1 6.5 8.4 17.4 24.5 3.7
( .05) 1.7 1.6 3.3 3.1 1.8 1.7 3.7 3.5 1.8
L.S.D.
4.1 2.4 2.2 5.2 4.8 2.5
L.S.D. ( .01) 2.3 2.1 4.4
Table 22. Performance of summer annual grasses for thi/season at Asheville (Southern Mountains), North Carolina,
1967.-Digestible Total Digestible Estimated Dry Wt. Crude Protein Protein Nutrients Net Energy
Entry (Tons) % 1b/acre. % 1bla % 1b/acre % Ib/acre
N K Sordan 2.1 18.0 761 13.4 567 59.6 2526 48.4 2054
T-E Haygrazer 3.1 17.4 980 12.8 725 59.4 3331 48.2 2701
FFR-66
3.4 16.6 1084 12.1 791 59.6 3899 4804 3170Pioneer 985 2.3 16.9 740 12.4 544 59.9 2612 48.8 2128
Asgrow Grazer A 2.9 16. 7 1039 12.3 760 59.7 3712 48.6 3022
SX-5 2.3 17.9 834 13.3 621 59.7 2776 48.5 2258
Gahi 1 Millet 4.6 15.5 1426 11.1 1020 58.9 5435 47.5 4380
Gahi 2 Millet 4.5 13.7 1234 9.4 849 59.1 5325 47.7 4298
Starr Millet 3.1 16.6 996 12.2 726 58.9 3552 47.4 2862
Suhi 1 3.4 16.2 1112 11.8 809 59.5 4028 48.3 3265
Tenn. Syn. fi1 3.0 17.1 1083 12.6 796 60.2 3838 49.3 3142
N B 280 S 2.1 19.3 788 14.7 598 59.7 2431 48.5 1977
Greenleaf 2.0 19.4 751 14.7 570 60.4 2344 49.6 1922
Mean of Test 3.0 17.0 987 12.5 721 59.6 3524 48.4 2860
c.v.
%
6.4 16.1 8.1 17.3 1.2 13.6 2.1 13.7L.S.D. ( .05) .5 1.8 267 1.7 210 1.2 807 1.7 660
L.S.D. ( .01) .6 2.5 362 2.3 285 1.7 1094 2.4 895
Table 23. Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and precipitation in inches at Asheville (Southern Mountains), North Carolina, growing season, 1966-1967.
Departure
Month Mean from long Highest Date
Lowest Date term mean
Oct. 54.1 -3.5
78 4 33 21
Nov. 47.9 1.4 70
18 24 29+
Dec. 39.4
-
.6 64 9+ 16 25Jan. 41.0 1.3 71 25+ 17 12
Feb. 37.3 -3.3 68 15+ - 1 25
Mar. 52.2 6.0 83 14 17 18
Apr. 59.8 3.8 87 6 34 29
May 61.1 -3.3 86 28 40 17
June 68.3 -3.5 88 22 47 2+
July 69.4 -500 88 24 50 5
Aug. 69.3 -4.2 87 8 53 29
Sept. 60.2 -5.7 82 20+ 30 30
+
also earlier date or dates.Departure No. of days with
Month Total from long Greatest in Date precipitation 0.10 term mean 24 hours inches or over
4.03 1.54 1.29 18 7
Oct.
2.74 .52 1.36 2 5
Nov.
2.36
-
.56 .91 10 4Dec.
1.56 -1.61 .76 27 4
Jan.
2.28
-
.76 .90 17 5Feb.
3.44 .30 1.36 12 6
Mar.
-1.61 -1.58 .73 26 3
Apr.
2.45 1.07 21 13
May 5.32
1.48 1.36 4 8
June 5.00
.62 1.71 7 11
July 4.93
2.69 1.19 23 11
Aug. 6.32
-1.09 1.60 9 4
Part II
Perennial Cool Season Forages Grasses and Legumes
Ladino clover, alfalfa, red clover, orchardgrass and fescuegrass were tested at one location in the Piedmont in 1967. Another location of most of these forages was seeded in the fall of 1966 but all failed to survive the winter. New tests were put out in September, 1967.
Data from the alfalfa tests were considered invalid and are, therefore, not reported.
Experimental Procedure
A randomized, complete-block design was used with four replicates. Plots were 5 by 20 ft., and in most cases a 2 by 18 ft. strip was taken from the center
for yields. Where growth permitted, a 19 inch by 18 ft. strip was taken with a rotary mower instead of the usual sickle knife machine.
Cultural Practices
Time and rates of seeding, fertilization and management were in accordance with standard practices applicable to each of the various cool season forages
inc~uded in these tests. Mineral fertilizer, 0-9-27, was applied to all tests in March, 1967, and was at the rate of 800 lb/acre. The grasses in pure stand received nitrogen (ammonium nitrate, 33.5-0-0) as follows: 100 lb. elemental nitrogen per acre (N/A) on February 15; 100 lb. N/A April 15 and 80 lb. N/A September 21.
Harvesting and Sampling
A
representative portion of the total sample of the grasses in pure stand was taken for nitrogen analyses and was ground through a Wiley Mill. TheKjeldahl Process was used to determine nl.'trogen and n1.trogen mu tiplied by 6.25· 1 was used to compute crude protein percentages.
Results and Discussion
In general, yields on the perennial tests were good except as is reflected by the mid-March freeze (see climatological data for Raleigh). Some varieties were completely killed while others received only partial loss of stand.
Tables 24 through 30 are summaries of the information obtained relative to perennial cool season forages at one location in the Piedmont. Yields (by dates and for the season and two-year summaries), are given for all tests re-ported. Crude protein percentages and lb/acre crude protein are shown for grasses grown in pure stand.
Red clover yields, on a combined 1966-1967 total ranged from 9,374 lb/acre for Orbit to 14,759 Ib/acre for Ky. Syn. A-2. Yields for these varieties reflect the extremes of damage sustained by adverse weather in March of 1967 as well as some possible disease influence. (Ky. Syn. A-2 will not be available for farmer use before 1970.) Chesapeake received major damage at this time whereas Kenland showed less damage. These are standard varieties and are readily available.
The ladino clover test which had been established in the fall of 1965 and reported on in 1966 was killed by abnormal weather conditions or by weather plus insect damage in March, 1967 (see climatological data for Raleigh). It is
not-able, however, that the Tillman strain recovered before the end of the summer
whereas others in the test had little or no survival.
Orchardgrass yields on a combined 1966-1967 total ranged from 12,174 for
Danish to 17,517 for Boone (Ky.). However, there is only a slight statistical
observe these two over a longer period than two years and over more locations before making a decision to change from one good variety to another variety.
Ky. 31 fescue shows a slight statistical advantage over the Kenwe11 variety when yields are compared over a two-year period. There is no statistical
differ-ence in crude protein yields based on one year's data.
Geographical and Climatological Info~ation
North Carolina State University Research Farm (Unit #1): Located at
Raleigh in the extreme eastern part of the Piedmont area, soils are grey sandy-loams with red, reddish-yellow, or yellow firm clay subsoils. Slopes are mostly 4 to 12 percent, and most fields have had some erosion. The elevation is approxi-mately four-hundred feet above sea level. See Table 30 for temperature and
Table 24. Dry forage yields of orchardgrass strains at Raleigh, North Carolina, 1967 and combined 1966-1967.1/
Pounds
Dry
Forage Per Acre 1967 1966-1967~ 4/19 5/31 7/6 7/31 9/5 11/22 Total Combined Total
Potomac 2390 1963 1999 762 325 764 8203 16,080
Boone (Ky.) 2679 2082 1963 796 426 895 8842 17,517
Va. 58-V-1 2375 2777 1855 670 405 676 8757 16,066
Danish 2515 2437 1793 660 412 146 7963 12,174
Mean of Test 2490 2315 1902 722 392 620 8441 15,459
c.v.
% 6.9 8.4 8.4 10.9 19.0 18.1 4.5 5.7L.S .D. (.05) N.S. 310 N.S. N. So N.S. 180 609 1415
L.S.D. ( .01) N.S. 445 N.S. N.S. N.S. 258 875 2034
1/
Average of four replicates.Table 25. Performance of orchardgrass strains at Raleigh, North Carolina, 1967.
1/
Crude Protein Dry Yield
~ Ave. % 1b./acre Ib/acre
Potomac 18.5 1522 8203
Boone (Ky.) 17.9 1589 8842
Va. 58-V-1 17.5 1534 8757
Danish 17.6 1397 7963
Mean of Test 17.9 1510 8441
c.
V. % 3.6 6.1 4.5L.S.D. ( .05) N.S. N.S. 609
L.S.D. ( .01) N.S. NoS. 875
Table 26. Dry forage yields of fescuegrass strains at Raleigh, North Carolina, 1967 and combined 1966-1967.1/
Pounds dry forage per acre 1967 1966-1967
Entry 4/21 5/31 7/6 8/1 9/19 11/22 Total Combined Total
Ky. 31 1420 2193 1702 1615 1383 964 9278 15,802
Kenwe11 1356 2532 1665 1614 1224 860 9251 14,513
Mean of
- - -
Test 1388 2362 1683 1615 1304 912 9264 15,157c.v.
%
3.1 3.2 5.3 6.0 9.2 3.2 1.2 2.8L.S.D. (.05)N.S. 170 N.S. N.S. N.S. 66 N.S. 968
L.S.D. (.Ol)N.S. 313 N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S. N.S.
1/
Average of four replicates.Table 27. Performance of fescuegrass strains at Raleigh, North Carolina, 1967.
1/
Crude Protein Dry Yield
~ Ave. % 1b/acre 1b/acre
Ky. 31 14.4 1334 9278
Kenwe11 14.6 1355 9251
Mean of Test 14.5 1345 9264
c.v.
% 1.7 2.3 1.2L.S.D. ( .05) N.S. N.S. N.S.
L.S.D. ( .01) N.S. N.S. N.S.
Table 28. Dry forage yields f d 1
o re c ov~r strains at Raleigh North Carolina
1967 and combined 1966-1967.11 ' ,
EntrXa 5/31Pounds Dry Forage Per Acre 1967 1966-1967
7/6 8/1 9/29 Total
Combined Total
Chesapeake 394 800
600 562 2416 10, 114
Ken1and 1685 1590
1008 1635 5918 13,161
Ky. Syn. A-2 2311 1643 1288 2267
7509 14,759
Orbit 507 918
694 338 2457 9,374
~of~ 1225 1238 912 1200 4575
11,852
C.V.
%
35 33 1126 20 9
L.S.D. ( .05) 688 652 154
490 1477 1,684
L.S.D. ( .01) 988 936 221
705 2122 2,420
1/
Average of four replicates.NOTE: The drastic reduction in yields of Chesapeake and Orbit may be partially attributed to the adverse weather conditions in March, 1967. Approximately two weeks of warm weather was followed by low readings of 190 Faharenheit. See
climatological data, page 41.
Table 29. Ladino clover strains at Raleigh, North Carolina, 1967.
1/
~ Tillman Oregon Regal Espanso Merit
Ore.
+
Kenwe1l Ore.+
Ky. 31 Tillman+
Ky. 31Yield of forage (lb/acre) - June 6, 1967
Clover Grass
479 Killed Killed Killed Killed Killed Killed
371 121
Table 30. Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and precipitation in inches at Raleigh-Durham Airport (Piedmont), North Carolina, growing season, 1966-1967.
Departure
Month Mean from long Highest Date Lowest Date
term mean
Oct. 58.6 -1.9 84 10 35 21
Nov. 50.8 0.8 79 10 25 4
Dec. 41.9 0.0 72 8 16 25
Jan. 44.8 3.2 77 24 16 12
Feb. 38.9 -4.1 74 1 8 25
Mar. 53.7 4.2 87 15 19 19+
Apr. 62.5 3.2 93 6 35 29+
May 63.9 -3.7 92 28 40 10
June 72.0 -3.1 92 25+ 53 2+
July 76.9 -1.0 93 11 57 5
Aug. 76.3 -0.6 91 3 58 14
Sept. 67.5 -3.7 86 16 42 30
+ also earlier date or dates.
Departure No. of days with
Month Total from long Greatest in Date precipitation 0.10
term mean 24 hours inches or over
Oct. 2.01 -0.70 0.76 19 3
Nov. 2.06 -0.71 0.76 2 3
Dec. 2.61 -0.41 0.58 13 2
Jan. 1.64 -1.58 0.37 14+ 6
Feb. 3.80 0.57 0.86 17 6
Mar. 1.62 -1.73 0068 21 6
Apr. 3.02 -0.50 1.30 17 3
May 4.15 0.63 0.81 14 10
June 4.57 0.87 3.34 18 6
July 3.49 -2.00 1.60 2 6
Aug. 6.22 1.02 1.76 27 11
Part III
Winter Annual Grasses
Two winter grass tests were seeded in 1966 (one in the Coastal Plain and one in the Piedmont) and were harvested in 1967 as long as there was sufficient growth. A limited amount of testing was done in 1964 and 1965, and the results are reported here. As more trials are run over the years, including more locations, one will be better able to choose a variety that will best suit his personal need for winter annual forages. The latter
tests included forage type wheat, oats, barley, rye, and ryegrasses.
Table 31. Name, address, and variety designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1966-67 winter grass tests.
Name Address
DeKalb Agri. Assoc., Inc. 1831 Woodrow
Wichita, Kansas 67203
Northrup, King & Co. 1500 Jackson St., N. E. Minneapolis, Minn. 55413
McNair Seed Company Laurinburg, N. C. 28352
Pennington Grain
&
Seed, Inc. Box 290Madison, Georgia
Agri. Research Service, USDA Beltsville, Maryland
N. C. Agri. Extension Sere Raleigh, N. C.
* Ryegrass from New Zealand
Variety Designation
DeKalb Wintergraze 9090 (Experimental wheat)
N9-l27 N4-l35
Tetrab1end 333 Tetrone
NO-8H
(Ryegrasses)
McNair 1~1
(Experimental Rye) (Named Vita-graze 1967)
Wintergrazer Rye
Gulf, F.C. 37,395 Commercial Domestic,
F.C. 37,387 Mississippi Syn.,
F.C. 37,482
Magnolia (Miss. Blend) F.C. 37,912
Fla. Rust Resistant F.C. 37,396
(Ryegrasses)
Cert. N. C. Abruzzi Rye Cert. Blueboy Wheat Cert. Roanoke Oat Cert. Wade Barley Commercial Winter Rye
(not certified) Explorer Rye (not
certified)
Balbo Rye (not cert.) Elbon (not certified) E 1571, "Grasslands
Manawa"*
Experimental Procedure
A randomized complete-block with four replicates was used. Plots consisted of four rows, nine inches apart and 20 feet long and an 18 foot length of the two center rows was used to determine yields.
Cultural Practices
Initial fertilizer varied with the two locations but was in accor-dance with soil tests. The Piedmont location received 1000 lb./acre 2-12-12 plus two tons agricultural limestone. The Coastal Plain test received 500 lb./acre 6-6-12. Forty lb./acre elemental nitrogen was applied after each harvest beginning with the January harvest and going through the first harvest in June. Seeding rates were three bu./acre for the small grains, and 30 lb./acre for the ryegrasses.
Harvesting and Sampling
Harvests were made with a rotary lawn mower with a bagging attach-ment and at a time as would simulate grazing. A representative portion was taken from replicates one and three and was ground through a Wiley Mill to be used for nitrogen determinations. Percent nitrogen multi-plied by 6.25 was used to calculate percent crude protein.
Geographical and Climatological Information
Results and Discussion
In the Piedmont, forage yields from the small grains ranged from 3733 lb./acre for certified N. C. Abruzzi to 6130 lb./acre for Experi-mental 9090 wheat, with the average being about 4400 lb./acre. Rye-grasses yielded somewhat higher by producing heavier growth later in the season. Yields on ryegrasses were from 5637 for Mississippi Syn-thetic to 7796 for N4-l35. Crude protein yields varied in about the same manner as did dry matter yields. Some years ago winter annual grasses, especially the ryegrasses, were not too popular in the Piedmont because of their ability to volunteer readily. This was partially due to the diversified type of farming when cattlemen also had row crops such as cotton. It would seem, however, that now with the more inten-sive type cattle operations, winter grasses could be a vital part of the feed supply.
It is notable that some of these winter grasses have extreme ability to surpress weeds. This was especially true in the Coastal Plain where "goosegrass" and "nutgrass" are a problem in the spring and summer. At the termination of the Coastal Plain test, the plots seeded to the two ryegrasses from New Zealand had essentially no weeds. The N-667 variety appeared superior to all others in this respect.
Since land use preference may make it necessary to discontinue the use of winter grasses early in the spring, one should examine the sea-sonal yield of a particular variety and apply this information to his specific need. In some cases the benefit to be received from a specific variety could be greatly increased by continuing its use for a short period longer. One should always know the yield potential and the
seasonal growth habits of the variety he plans to use.
Dry forage yield per acre (lb/acre)
~
Rye:
Commercial Winter Cert. N. C. Abruzzi Explorer
Balbo
Vita-graze (Exp. #1) Wintergrazer E1bon Wheat: Experimental 9090 Cert. B1ueboy 10/14 546 606 532 733 704 613 558 300 432 10/27 366 347 403 365 459 317 396 286 308 1/18 136 511 466 217 854 504 517 194 567 2/16 124 502 498 244 565 388 563 149 549 3/15 4/6 556 1474 366 75 642 148 957 471 396 94 347 101 608 106 473 885 559 125 4/20 5/9 556 914 233 420 275 562 452 580 268 689 " 277 681 222 540 635 1256 264 633 6/2 6/21 497 673 815 741 597 974 543 869 342 994 308
7/7 8/3 Total
5169 3733 4341 4762 4627 4203 4056
329 412 6130 4739 Oat: Cert. Roanoke Barley: Cert. Wade 148 388 353 331 824 253 453 283 507 448 863 564
394 788 728
342 491 659
4643 4173 ~ ~ Ryegrass: N9-127 N4-135 Tetrab1end 333 Tetrone NO-BH Gulf Commercial Domestic Miss. Syn. Magnolia
Fla. Rust Resistant Mean of Test
- - c:-
v:(%)L.S .D. (.05)
L.S.D. (.01) 506 14.0 102 138 517 549 452 409 373 528 669 415 382 416 412 18.1 103 136 947 1177 1002 773 685 1187 928 1259 1165 857 715 28.4 282 370 444 529 424 288 227 520 318 537 420 512 407 19.8 111 147 459 490 471 405 414 455 436 412 490 520 516 14.0 99 131 436 487 660 1063 1048 443 865 288 771 327 518 19.5 140 184 612 661 774 946 1027 663 801 507 852 574 540 13.1 98 128 1475 1434 1509 1661 1517 1054 1367 990 1126 1103 990 16.1 221 291 974 1061 974 995 954 1059 1059 1043 1244 1194 883 16.1 198 260 484 463 436 489 546 149 474 187 189 177 354 16.0 79 103 390 397 410 365 419 236 364 17.2 93 127 547 489 484 483 34.2 264 379 6738 7796 7602 7394 7695 6058 7154 5637 6638 5681 5665 6.5 521 685 1/ Average of
4
replicates. Statistical values, by harvests, do not include varieties having no yield for that - specific date. Although some entries were from non-certified seed sources, this institution does ~ recommendCarolina, 1966-67.11
Percent crude protein by harvests
~ 10/14 10/27 1/18 2/16_ 3/15 4/6 4/20 5/9 6/2 6/21 7/7 8/3
Rye:
Commercial Winter 26.9 25.0 17.1 24.4 26.3 23.5 23.6 26.1 23.0 Cert. N. C. Abruzzi 26.6 24.9 18.3 22.6 26.3 26.3 21.2 22.1 21.3
Explorer 27.4 23.5 14.7 22.1 24.1 24.8 22.3 23.4 19.0
Balbo 27.6 24.5 15.5 25.5 22.4 24.8 23.5 25.7 20.3
Vita-graze (Exp. #1) 26.6 25.4 16.6 23.1 21.1 25.8 22.3 23.0 20.7
Wintergrazer 23.6 23.3 14.5 22.2 24.8 25.5 21.8 23.3 20.1
E1bon 25.2 23.1 16.5 24.7 23.7 25.3 22.1 22.2 19.2
Wheat:
Experimental 9090 26.3 27.2 17.3 24.1 25.9 21.4 23.4 24.6 24.2 23.7 24.2 16.9
Cert. B1ueboy 25.1 26.7 14.2 22.9 24.3 20.8 24.1 24.3 22.9 18.5
Oat:
Cert. Roanoke 25.4 27.3 13.6 20.0 24.6 18.4 19.6 23.4 20.4
~
Barley: 00
Cert. Wade 25.7 25.9 13.2 21.3 24.3 21.6 21.9 23.5 22.2
Ryegrass:
N9-127 23.5 12.7 22.3 24.1 23.3 26.4 23.9 23.2 19.6 20.6
N4-135 24.1 12.5 21.4 23.3 21.0 24.8 21.9 24.1 21.1 21.6 16.9
Tetrab1end 333 25.6 12.6 22.7 23.7 23.3 23.7 19.7 23.2 20.5 19.9 17.0
Tetrone 23.9 12.7 19.4 22.1 21.5 23.5 20.4 24.4 19.0 19.9
NO-8H 24.3 12.3 19.8 21.8 19.3 23.3 20.3 25.3 21.3 19.0 17.1
Gulf 24.8 11.8 21.3 24.2 24.0 24.0 22.8 16.9 15.3
Commercial Domestic 25.2 13.5 22.1 25.6 22.8 24.3 23.1 24.0 19.3 20.7
Miss. Syn. 24.3 12.3 21.9 24.3 21.9 23.6 23.7 17.2 17.2
Magnolia 25.1 13.8 22.4 24.1 23.5 23.3 23.5 18.3 16.6
Fla. Rust Resistant 25.7 12.7 22.0 23.5 24.0 23.1 23.3 17.7 15.7
Mean of Test 26.0 24.9 14.2 22.3 24.0 23.0 23.1 23.1 21.3 19.0 20.9 16.9
-- c:-
v:<%) 7.5 6.0 8.3 5.5 8.9 6.2 3.4 4.5 4.2 7.4 5.4 3.8L.S.D. (.05) 4.3 3.1 2.4 2.6 4.4 3.0 1.6 2.2 1.9 3.1 2.9 2.0
L.S.D. ( .01) 6.2 4.2 3.3 3.5 6.1 4.1 2.2 2.9 2.6 4.3 4.6 3.7
1/
Average of two replicates. Statistical values, by harvest dates, do not include those varieties having no yield for that specific date. Although some entries in this test were from non-certified seed sources, thisTable 34. Performance of winter aDj~al grasses, Raleigh (Piedmont), North Carolina,
1966-67.-Rye:
Commercial Winter Cert. N. C. Abruzzi Explorer
Balbo
Vita-graze (Exp. #1) Wintergrazer Elbon Wheat: Experimental 9090 Cert. B1ueboy Q.!!: Cert. Roanoke Barley:
Cert , Wade
Ryegrass: N9-127 N4-l35 Tetrablend 333 Tetrone NO-8H Gulf Commercial Domestic Miss. Syn. Magnolia
Fla. Rust Resistant
Mean of Test
C. V. (%)
L.S.D. (.05) L.S.D. (.01) Crude Protein lb/acre 1364 905 992 1187 1020 905 959 1447 1123 961 1000 1551 1518 1475 1543 1522 1200 1632 1089 1321 1206 1234 6.4 165 224 Dry Yield lb/acre 5169 3733 4341 4762 4627 4203 4056 6130 4739 4643 4173 6738 7796 7602 7394 7695 6058 7154 5637 6638 5681 5665 6.5 521 685
1/
Dry matter yields are averages of four replicates; crude protein areaverages of two replicates. Although some entries were from non-certified seed sources, this institution does
E£!
recommend the ~ of ~-certified seed. Neither origin nor variety can be guaranteed .and results obtained here may not be reproducible. Certified seed of all entries were not available on the local market.Table 35. Dry forage y1-eld f
-o w1nter annual grasses, Coastal Plain, North Carolina. Two-year and three-year averages.l/
2 Yr. Ave. 3 Yr. Ave.
~ 1965 and 1967 1964, 1965, 1967
Tetrablend 5322
4935
Tetrone 5262 4644
Miss. Syn. 5019
N9-127 5120
N4-135 5196
Commercial Domestic 3321
Gulf 4926
Fla. Rust. Res. 4651
1/
Average of four replicates. Two-year averages are based on one location each year. Three-year averages are based on four locations (two in 1964, one in 1965 and one in 1967).Table 36. Dry forage yields of winter annual grasses, by dates and for the season, Willard, North Carolina, 1963-64.1/
Dry
forage yield per acre (lb)~ 3/19/6-4 4/14/64 5/18/64 6/25/64 7/28/64 Total
*
State College 4 1021 864 2096 3981
Stoneville 1 532 966 2483 3981
Stoneville 2 675 1140 2505 4320
Stoneville 3 549 1239 2422 4210
Tetrone 370 910 2364 165 90 3899
Billion 767 675 2243 419 4104
Tetrab1end 333 772 1222 2531 123 99 4747
Chapel Hill Rescue 477 1306 167 438 2388
1/
Average of four replicates.Table 31. Forage yield, by dates and for the season, of y}nter annual grasses, Rocky Mount, North Carolina,
1963-64.-Dry
forage yield by dates (lb/acre)12/31/63 3/27/67 4/24/64 6/4/64 Total
*
State College 4 387
Stoneville I 346
Stoneville 2 571
Stoneville 3 414
Tetrone Billion
Tetrab1end 333 Chapel Hill Rescue
1171 803 755 687 261 583 564 85
2418 2425 2718 2693 2042 1854 2526 1820
334 506 348 336 615 617 482 298
4310 4080 4392 4130 2918 3054 3572 2203
1/
Average of four replicates.Table 38. Performance of winter annual grasses at Willard (Coastal Plain), North Carolina, 1964-65 and two-year average 1964-1965.1/
Dry forage yield in 1b/acre
Season 2 Yr. Ave.* ~ 12/9/64 2/23/65 4/1/65 4/28/65 5/16/65 6/2/65 7/1/65 Totals 1964-1965
Mississippi Syn. 175 548 777 1838 3338
Magnolia 86 365 873 2045 3369
Tetrablend 128 312 749 1625 62 240 3116 3638
Tetrone 134 166 588 1482 127 374 395 3266 3338
N9-l27 232 384 716 1486 139 508 3465
Nl-80 248 378 682 1456 129 490 3383
N4-135 180 414 807 1647 59 250 3357
Commercial
Domestic 101 299 712 1758 2870
Gulf 113 470 834 1955 3372
Fla. Rust Res. 123 474 881 1589 3067
1/
Average of four replicates.(Coastal Plain), North Carolina, 1966-67.1/
Entry 10/18 11/18
Dry forage yield per acre (lb.)
1/13 2/22 3/20 4/11 4/28 5/16 6/1 6/16 7/12 8/3 Total Rye:
Commercial Winter Cert. N. C. Abruzzi Explorer
Balbo
Vita-graze (Exp. #1) Wintergrazer Elbon 32 134 100 72 102 132 75 62 249 205 191 253 307 206 234 1140 1062 673 1253 1551 972 108 508 739 495 704 781 241 1217 757 522 618 326 711 683 1545 717 842 936 781 581 761 212 955 268 278 332 340 332 273 115 3771 3742 3973 3663 4010 3846 3680 Wheat: Experimental 9090 Cert. Blueboy Oat: Cert. Roanoke 63 79 107 202-108 470 883 789 104 619 343 592 797 876 1194 91.5 1830 801 223 492 1146 382 589 184 726
338 584 5781
4491
5164 Barley:
Cert. Wade 119 596 151 908 1605 391 3770 Ln.p..
Ryegrass: N9-127 N4-l35 Tetrablend 333 Tetrone NO-8H Gulf Commercial Domestic Miss. Syn. Magnolia
Fla. Rust Resistant
E 1571 N667 418 314 232 208 192 168 284 270 195 174 252 622 604 594 340 325 618 490 942 540 410 480 268 286 504 311 129 122 444 205 537 386 553 210 119 659 783 678 440 331 848 495 831 709 881 455 272 1344 1734 1927 1505 1405 2208 1710 1967 2166 1907 1281 1269 824 559 698 1120 1041 366 813 419 514 372 869 901 1306 315 1253 284 1435 336 1696 483 1365 444 1411 145 1592 236 1352 137 1637 141 1398 156 1308 457 1221 504 442 388 407 447 425 271 451 243 485 383 377 383 559 611 611 299 569 319 653 279 402 605 331 516 502 6775 7034 7528 7257 6581 6479 6680 6699 6774 6235 6625 5956 Mean of Test
-- c:-
v:(%) L.S .D. (.05)L.S.D. (.01) 88 40.7 52 71 214 29.2 87 114 689 18.8 179 236 387 25.6 137 180 656 13.5 122 161 1397 10.0 194 255 639 11.0 97 128 983 14.5 197 259 288 16.6 66 87 388 15.4 83 109 568 23.5 195 264 288 23.2 101 139 5501 8.0 608 799
1/
Average of 4 replicates. Statistical values, by harvests, do not include varieties having no yield for thatPercent crude protein by dates 3/20 4/11 4/28 5/16
~
Rye:
Commercial Winter Cert. N. C. Abruzzi Explorer
Balbo
Vita-graze (Exp. #1) Wintergrazer Elbon 10/18 24.3 24.1 24.4 22.8 23.7 24.5 24.2 11/8 21.3 24.8 24.9 25.4 24.2 24.1 23.3 1/13 26.4 20.6 20.2 22.0 19.8 17.3 19.2 2/22 21.2 15.8 16.0 19.9 16.3 16.0 16.2 22.8 21.3 20.1 17.5 22.1 23.1 18.6 16.4 13.9 13.6 15.8 14.4 15.2 13.4 27.3 21.9 19.9 19.4 22.0 20.8 20.1 20.1 6/1 23.4
6/16 7/12 8/3
Wheat: Experimental 9090 Cert. Blueboy Oat: Cert. Roanoke Barley: Cert. Wade 21.8 25.7 21.9 24.4 20.9 19.8 19.2 19.0 17.2 18.4 16.1 14.1 13.8 15.9 18.8 18.8 16.5 16.6 16.3 14.1 12.7 12.4 22.8 24.1 20.9 20.5 20.0 17.3 22.5 27.8 26.5 23.6 15.6 V1 V1
.
Ryegrass: N9-l27 N4-l35 Tetrablend 333 Tetrone NO-8H Gulf Commercial Domestic Miss. Syn. MagnoliaFla. Rust Resistant E 1571
N
667Mean of Test
