Cloud computing environment

• Scheduling of tasks • Storage and cost factors CONCLUSION In present days cloud computing is one of the greatest platform which provides storage of data in very lower cost and available for all time over the internet. But it has more critical issue like security, load management and fault tolerance. In this paper we are discussing load balancing approaches. Resource scheduling management design on Cloud computing is an important problem. Scheduling model, cost, quality of service, time, and conditions of the request for access to services are factors to be focused. A good task scheduler should adapt its scheduling strategy to the changing environment and load balancing Cloud task scheduling policy. Cloud Computing is high utility software having the ability to change the IT software industry and making the software even more attractive. This paper is based on cloud computing technology which has a very vast potential and is still unexplored. The capabilities of cloud computing are endless. Cloud computing provides everything to the user as a service which includes platform as a service, application as a service, infrastructure as a service. One of the major issues of cloud computing is load balancing because overloading of a system may lead to poor performance which can make the technology unsuccessful. So there is always a requirement of efficient load balancing algorithm for efficient utilization of resources. Our paper focuses on the various load balancing algorithms and their applicability in cloud computing environment.

Tamilnadu-6129180, India. 1 giridas@yahoo.com 2 shajin@niuniv.com Abstract -Workflow have been utilized to characterize a various form of applications concerning high processing and storage space demands. So, to make the cloud computing environment more eco-friendly, our research project was aiming in reducing E-waste accumulated by computers. In a hybrid cloud, the user has flexibility offered by public cloud resources that can be combined to the private resources pool as required. Our previous work described the process of combining the low range and mid range processors with the high end processor to make the IT environment without e-waste. Then we focused on the allocation of resources in an optimal manner with respect to bandwidth and processors’ ability. In this paper we deal with presenting (CHPS) Compatibility of Hybrid processor scheduler in green IT cloud computing environment. CHPS decides which resources should be chartered from the public cloud and combined to the private cloud to offer adequate processing power to perform a workflow inside a specified execution time. We present widespread experimental and simulation results which illustrate that CHPS can decrease costs as attaining the recognized preferred execution time.

SOC requires the management of loosely coupled services to maintain its working condition. Furthermore, each service within a workflow could reside with unique service providers. This is a challenge to service discovery because current service repositories are decentralized and not well advertised. In a cloud computing environment the challenge of service management and monitoring is extended. Current cloud computing providers don’t offer user-customized management and monitoring mechanisms built into their infrastructure. Hence, it’s still the service developer’s responsibility to provide programs and utilities to manage and monitor services.’

This efficiency is readily available in Virtualized Environments and Machines. On a cloud computing platform, dynamic resources can be effectively managed using virtualization technology. Amazon EC2 provides virtualized server instances. Whereas some resources like CPU, memory, and instance storage are dedicated to a particular instance, other resources such as the network and the disk subsystem are shared among instances. If each instance on a physical host tries to use as much of one of these shared resources as possible, each receives an equal share of that resource. However, when a resource is under-utilized, you are often able to consume a higher share of that resource while it is available. The subscribers with more demanding SLA can be guaranteed by accommodating all the required services within a virtual machine image and then mapping it on a physical server. This helps to solve problem of heterogeneity of resources and platform irrelevance. Load balancing of the entire system can be handled dynamically by using virtualization technology where it becomes possible to remap virtual machines (VMs) and physical resources according to the change in load. Due to these advantages, virtualization technology is being comprehensively implemented in cloud computing. However, in order to achieve the best performance, the virtual machines have to fully utilize its services and resources by adapting to the cloud computing environment dynamically. The load balancing and proper allocation of resources must be guaranteed in order to improve resource utility. Thus, the important objectives of this research are to determine how to improve resource utility, how to schedule the resources and how to achieve effective load balance in a cloud computing environment. Virtualization technology allows sharing of servers and storage devices and increased utilization. Applications can be easily migrated from one physical server to another.

No change in the ownership of the main property. Further, in a cloud computing environment, a cloud can either be a ‘public cloud’ or a ‘private cloud’, similar to one of the employee owning the car (or joint ownership of the car by all four employees) or the car pooling service owning the car respectively. While essentially the end result of using a public cloud or a private cloud remains the same, there is a slight difference between the two. A public cloud offers cloud computing solutions to almost anyone who has access to the internet and generally at no or low cost. On the other hand, a private cloud is typically a private data center/network that offers cloud computing solutions to a limited number of identified users at a certain or shared cost.

This efficiency is readily available in Virtualized Environments and Machines. On a cloud computing platform, dynamic resources can be effectively managed using virtualization technology. Amazon EC2 provides virtualized server instances. Whereas some resources like CPU, memory, and instance storage are dedicated to a particular instance, other resources such as the network and the disk subsystem are shared among instances. If each instance on a physical host tries to use as much of one of these shared resources as possible, each receives an equal share of that resource. However, when a resource is under-utilized, you are often able to consume a higher share of that resource while it is available. The subscribers with more demanding SLA can be guaranteed by accommodating all the required services within a virtual machine image and then mapping it on a physical server. This helps to solve problem of heterogeneity of resources and platform irrelevance. Load balancing of the entire system can be handled dynamically by using virtualization technology where it becomes possible to remap virtual machines (VMs) and physical resources according to the change in load. Due to these advantages, virtualization technology is being comprehensively implemented in cloud computing. However, in order to achieve the best performance, the virtual machines have to fully utilize its services and resources by adapting to the cloud computing environment dynamically. The load balancing and proper allocation of resources must be guaranteed in order to improve resource utility. Thus, the important objectives of this research are to determine how to improve resource utility, how to schedule the resources and how to achieve effective load balance in a cloud computing environment. Virtualization technology allows sharing of servers and storage devices and increased utilization. Applications can be easily migrated from one physical server to another.

Achieving Application Portability In Cloud Computing Environment differences compared to interoperability. A. Portability in cloud computation Advantages, Levels and Need of application portability: By the term Cloud portability, it refers to the fact that confirms that information, services or applications function as per a common programmable communication in various kinds of cloud services. One of the major causes behind this is migration or shift of all or some existing services in between the clouds. To optimize expenses, for reducing price, technical or SLA issues, it could be used. The tricky or problematic circumstance appears if a cloud application of a user lies in between two or more than two administrative areas or providers at the same time. There are three methods to classify portability, which are: functional, data and service enhancement portability. The very first category or functional portability is meant by asserting the operability of an application through a vendor-agnostic way. Device agnostic aspect is allowing hardware and software parts to be functional in a different system and that doesn't need any particular features or adaptations. So, maximum systems are compatible in this regard. In the second category, data portability refers to a situation when a consumer or user can fetch application information from a particular provider as well as transfer it to a recurring application organized by a different provider. The last category, i.e. service enhancement metadata can be attached utilizing annotation.

Finally, can the neural network classification of new entries on the spot, which have never been seen before as a genetic algorithm to find an acceptable solution within the space would be the best solution as a result of the use of neural networks in the cloud computing environment through the creation of a set of categories on the basis of the tasks given to them so they can achieve the advantage of the use of neural networks in the cloud computing environment .

A Survey on Workflow Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environment Manish Gautam 1 , Rakesh Kumar 2 M.E Scholar, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, NITTTR, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India 1 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, NITTTR, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India 2 ABSTRACT: Cloud computing is a practical approach which allows central resources to be served anywhere anytime on pay per basis. The fundamentals of cloud computing are based on principle of reusability of Information technology capabilities. Still there are many challenges in cloud computing. One of them is scheduling. To balance the load in cloud systems, the resources and workload must be scheduled in a good fashion so that maximum use of available resources can be made. There are various scheduling algorithms used by the load balancer to schedule the tasks that are running on any virtual machine. In this paper, we discuss the various scheduling algorithms that improve the utilization of resources allocated to the tasks and maximize the resource utilization.

D. Trusted Third Party (TTP) Trusted third party in cryptography helps to facilitate the interaction among the two parties and reviews all crucial operations among them. The cloud computing environment required the TTP services that exhibits to establish the essential trust level and offers an ideal solution to maintain the authenticity, integrity and confidentiality of communication and data. TTP can produce the trusted security domain with the specifically addresses the loss or missing of the traditional security boundary. It is an impartial organization which delivers the confidence of business by technical and commercial security features to electronic transactions [38]. Lightweight directory access protocol has become the vital protocol that supports to access PKI directory services for the Certificate Revocation List (CRL) and employed by web services for the authentication [55]. PKI is coupled with directory can be utilized to distribute: 1) certificate status information (CRL); 2) application certificate such as end-user certificate need to obtain using email before the transfer of encrypted message; and 3) private key, If the users do not use similar machine every day then the portability is needed in the environment. The directory contains the encrypted secret or private key are decrypted using the password given by customer at the remote workstation.

In a cloud computing environment, users can access the operational capability faster with internet application, and the computer systems have the high stability to handle the service requests from many users in the environment. Cloud computing involving distributed technologies to satisfy a variety of applications and user needs. Sharing resources, software, information via internet are the main functions of cloud computing with an objective to reduced capital and operational cost, better performance in terms of response time and data processing time, maintain the system stability and to accommodate future modification in the system

Corresponding author: Anatoly I. Petrenko (tolja.petrenko@gmail.com) Abstract: SOC (service-oriented computing) represents a new generation of distributed computing framework for applications development by means of the composition of services. The visionary promise of SOC is a world-scale network of loosely coupled services that can be assembled with little effort in agile applications that may span organizations and computing platforms. Since services may be offered by different enterprises and communicate over the Internet, they provide an advanced distributed computing infrastructure for both intra- and cross-enterprise application integration and collaboration. The distinction between SOC and traditional computing is that application builders no longer construct software using a programming language. Instead, they specify the application logic in a high-level specification language, utilizing standard services as components. Services implement functions that can range from answering simple requests to executing sophisticated business processes requiring peer-to-peer relationships between possibly multiple layers of service consumers and providers. The delivery of software as a set of distributed services can help to solve problems like software reuse, deployment and evolution. The “software as a service model” will open the way to the rapid creation of new value-added composite services based on existing ones. Although service-oriented computing in cloud computing environments presents a new set of research challenges, their combination provides potentially transformative opportunities. So any user community, regardless of its discipline, should be supplied with the technological approach to build their own distributed compute-intensive multidisciplinary applications rapidly. This paper contains the roadmap of development of the Engineering Design Platform, based on SOC and intended, in particular, for modeling and optimization of Nonlinear Dynamic Microsystems, being consisted of components of different physical nature and being widely spread in different scientific and engineering fields.

„„Cloud computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the Internet and the hardware and systems software in the datacenters that provide those services‟‟[7].A cluster of computer hardware and software that offer the services to the general public (probably for a price) makes up a „public cloud‟. Computing is therefore offered as a utility much like electricity, water, gas etc. Where you only pay peruse .For example, Amazon‟s Elastic cloud, Microsoft‟s Azure platform, Google‟s App Engine and Salesforce are some public clouds that are available today. However, cloud computing does not include „private clouds‟ which refer to data centers internal to an organization. Therefore, cloud computing can be defined as the aggregation of computing as a utility and software as a service. Virtualization of resources is a key requirement for a cloud provider—for it is needed by statistical multiplexing that is required for scalability of the cloud, and also to create the illusion of infinite resources to the cloud user [8] holds the view that „„different utility computing offerings will be distinguished based on the level of abstraction presented to the programmer and the level of management of the resources‟‟. To take an example from the existing cloud providers, an instance of Amazon‟s EC2 [9] is very much like a physical machine and gives the cloud user almost full control of the software stack with a thin API. This gives the user a lot of flexibility in coding; however it also means that Amazon has little automatic scalability and Fail over features. In contrast, Google‟s App Engine enforces an API on the user but offers impressive automatic scalability. Microsoft‟s Azure platform [10] is something in between the aforementioned providers by giving the user some choice in the language and offers somewhat automatic scaling and failover functions. Each of the aforementioned providers has different options for virtualizing computation, storage and communication.

9. Conclusions We started this thesis with setting out a goal that recurs throughout all chapters. We defined the high-level goal as enabling cloud consumers to securely deploy and run their virtual machines in the cloud, while protecting their high-value cryptographic credentials against external as well as internal attackers. During the problem description, we defined this goal more clearly and translated it to a set of requirements. In particular, we further specified the abstract goal of securely deploying and running vms in the cloud, as security in face of a powerful malicious insider. To achieve this, the hvks, which are deployed securely and protected during runtime, play an invaluable role in enabling a passthrough encryption which closes down the last attack channel available to the malicious insider.

9. Conclusions We started this thesis with setting out a goal that recurs throughout all chapters. We defined the high-level goal as enabling cloud consumers to securely deploy and run their virtual machines in the cloud, while protecting their high-value cryptographic credentials against external as well as internal attackers. During the problem description, we defined this goal more clearly and translated it to a set of requirements. In particular, we further specified the abstract goal of securely deploying and running vms in the cloud, as security in face of a powerful malicious insider. To achieve this, the hvks, which are deployed securely and protected during runtime, play an invaluable role in enabling a passthrough encryption which closes down the last attack channel available to the malicious insider.

Cloud computing can be secured only if the enhanced the security level. The paper aim at constructing a proper model of the present state of affairs and future forecast of Cloud security. Cloud security has to be critically reviewed with major importance. Researcher’s surveys cloud security approaches that verify authenticity of cloud data. These approaches have been illustrated as a review for ensuring the long-term Confidentiality, integrity and availability of data stored at remote un trusted hosts. In this survey, we analyze several of security approaches, compare them with respect to expected cloud security guarantees and discuss their limitations. In future, it is planned develop the Framework for enhance the cloud security using internal policy.

As it turns out, these challenges have been encountered in other P2P systems and efficient gossip-based protocols have been developed to solve them. Gossiping is a very simple interaction paradigm where peers in large, unstructured network, exchange information with a small number of their neighbours, possibly updating their internal state based on the outcome of such interactions. Gossip-based protocols have been extensively studied and have been used to model a diverse set of functions including the spreading of malware in a computer network, diffusion of information in a social network and synchronization of light pulses in a swarm of fireflies. Gossip-based protocols are appealing for P2P clouds because they are extremely simple to describe and implement, yet they can realize complex global computations out of simple local interactions efficiently and quickly despite the possibility of churn. In a prototype P2P cloud system built at the University of Bologna, we have used completely decentralized gossip-based protocols extensively for implementing different functionality necessary for P2P clouds, including membership (figuring out who is up and connected), counting (useful for cloud monitoring), slicing (partitioning a cloud into multiple sub-clouds), slice merging (useful for elastic resource allocation) and for supporting complex queries over the set of peers addressed by the authors [12] and [13].

Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India Abstract: Cloud computing could be a paradigm of rising technology, providing the variety of services over the web. With the additional advancement and with an advent of recent techniques, security is motility a threat to the present technology. Several authentication schemes are framed over the years to supply security. With additional technologies, the number of attacks has conjointly been terrible. The basic parole primarily based authentication, theme doesn’t offer abundant security for information in the cloud setting. So, a powerful authentication, theme is needed. In this paper, a study of ascendable and economical, user authentication, theme has been done. During this theme, the user entry is powerfully verified before being given entry to a cloud. This is often done by the theme of victimization the construct of an agent. In recommended model, to substantiate the identity of a user, consuming primarily based authentication agent is employed and for unregistered devices, software package as a service application has been used. To cut back the dependency of authentication and cryptography from main servers, separate servers are used for various processes.This provides additional reliable and secure system. Analysis of this recommended theme shows that the projected model can bring additional reliability, efficiency and full user trust in victimization cloud computing services and can bring additional security in cloud computing setting.

Loading of large data sets takes time, an issue which needs to be addressed in a cloud system. In addition, rendering of large data sets can take time without an appropriate acceleration structure. Furthermore, in a cloud environment dedicated hardware-based solutions become prohibitively expensive: setup cost, maintenance, and even scalability become limited due to hardware constraints. Finally, it is important to remember that while GPU architecture is highly parallelised, it still does not support multiple concurrent user access, so image requests would have to be served sequentially. Thus, a pure CPU based solution is by far the most suitable, and probably the only truly viable solution, for cloud based rendering.

5. CONCLUSION In this thesis, a model has been proposed, where security workload is totally separated from the service logic. This research found that it is possible to separate security functions from business activities, encapsulate them into services, a reusable secured service, and a business service, then combine or merge them to achieve secured services without burdening the developer from coding the security code over and over again, so the developer of the service will concentrate on the business logic of the service itself not the security issues. To sum up, one time security service is done, but used several times with many services independent from each other. So proposed model is satisfying and targeting developers who are building cloud-based services where they can implement directly the security logic in order to get a secured cloud services. The scope of the security service was including AES file encryption system, RSA system for secure communication, Onetime password to authenticate users and MD5 hashing for hiding information. However, as the number of users using the security service increase, accessing this centralized service can experience delays. This separation of security logic from the business logic has given us some merits where multiple security mechanisms can be added and updated in the security management service directly.