fiscal equalization
A note on the relation between fiscal equalization and economic growth
... from fiscal equalization in practice have adverse consequences for the rate of growth in total output over time? The economics literature on this question is ...not equalization, on inter-temporal ...
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Corporate Income Taxation of Multinationals and Fiscal Equalization
... This paper shows that, from a tax competition point of view, it does not matter whether MNEs are taxed according to Separate Accounting or Formula Apportionment, provided the group of countries in which the MNEs operate ...
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Agglomeration, tax competition, and fiscal equalization
... Proposition 2 Starting at a symmetric tax competition Nash equilibrium of identical re- gions, migration without movement of capital endowment induces too little parallel capital flows. If agglomeration externalities are ...
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Corporate Income Taxation of Multinationals and Fiscal Equalization
... Inserting into (36) and (39) implies WE > φ/n if and only if 1 +β − α > 2(1 − t)(1 − α). Whether this latter condition is satisfied or not depends on the properties of the pro- duction function and the equilibrium ...
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A framework for evaluating alternate institutional arrangements for fiscal equalization transfers
... explicit equalization standard, its generosity is overwhelming for its Northern Territory , Tasmania and South Australia and the program is punitive for Victoria and New South ...macro fiscal capacity ...
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Incentive Effects of Fiscal Equalization: Has Russian Style Improved?
... fiscal equalization on per-capita GDP growth, because we use the same main indicators of the equal- ization system, namely the retention rate each region faces and inter- governmental transfers from the federal ...
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"Fiscal Equalization in Japan: Assessment and Recommendations"
... Closely related to this latter discussion is the notion of horizontal equity—the equal treatment of equals by the public sector. Horizontal equity in a decentralized setting is a direct application of the notion that ...
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Globalization, Tax Competition and Fiscal Equalization
... tax-revenue equalization scheme is ...the equalization de- gree is imperfect, all positive deviation from (13) which maximizes local tax revenues, implies a loss of resources for ...the equalization ...
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Institutionalized Bailouts and Fiscal Policy: The Consequences of Soft Budget Constraints
... This fiscal equalization strategy has several ...the Fiscal Equalization ...state’s fiscal revenue and comparing it to the average per capita revenue across ...of fiscal strength ...
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Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers and Tax Efforts: Evidence from Japan
... of equalization grants, a number of relevant empirical studies have recently ...on equalization grant systems in Canada and ...of equalization transfers in Germany on subnational government ...the ...
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Equalization Transfers and Dynamic Fiscal Adjustment: Results for German Municipalities and a US-German Comparison
... also equalization transfers are important, making up a third (34 cents) of the necessary ...the fiscal-equalization system show less response, in fact, the estimated response to a change in own ...
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Challenges of Fiscal Federalism. The Fiscal Effects of Equalization, Credit Access and Transfer Dependency
... of fiscal federalism is that it enables an ongoing quest for optimal policy ...Municipal fiscal equalization, transfer dependency and credit access are prime examples of Germany’s multi-level ...
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LUEP_Final_Grace_Karina.pdf
... Minneapolis' St.'Paul' Strong'history'of' regionalism,' including'“fiscal' equalization”'and' powerful'Metro' Council' Partnerships'for' Regional' Opportunity' (PRO)/'Corridors' of'Oppor[r] ...
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Histogram Equalization Based Image Enhancement Techniques For Brightness Preservation And Contrast Enhancement Sonam, II Rajiv Dahiya M.Tech Scholar, Dept. of ECE ,P.D.M College of Engineering, Bahadurgarh, India
... regions. so, when the object of interest in image occupies a small portion of image , then this object (region) will not be properly enhanced by histogram equalization and also the high histogram regions saturates ...
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Analytical estimation of phase noise influence in coherent transmission system with digital dispersion equalization
... dispersion equalization enhanced phase noise in the coherent transmission system using two electronic dispersion equalizers: a time domain fiber dispersion finite impulse response (FD-FIR) filter and a frequency ...
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AN EFFICIENT TECHNIQUE FOR ENHANCING MRI BRAIN IMAGES
... Histogram Equalization RMSHE is an extensive description of the BrightnessPreserving Bi-Histogram Equalization BBHE ...the equalization process does preserve an images original ...
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Equalisation and Fiscal Competition
... However, in a Federation the geographical subset, where regional Government taxes, can not coincide with the subset where the tax-base of the residents of each region is distributed. In this case with free mobility of ...
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Research of Supercapacitor Voltage Equalization Strategy on Rubber Tyred Gantry Crane Energy Saving System
... The active voltage equalization circuit based on the reversible Buck-Boost converter has been discussed in this paper. Theoretical analysis and simulation result show that the active control circuit can better ...
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Segmentation and Classification for Brain MRI Image Based on Modified FCM with Zernike Moment Classifier
... Histogram Equalization(AHE) is used to enhance the image which has a tendency to over-amplify noise in relatively homogeneous regions of an ...histogram equalization called Contrast Limited Adaptive ...
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A Survey on Image Enhancement by Histogram equalization Methods
... Bisections MBPHE and multi-section MBPHE are two groups of MBPHE. Simple group of MBPHE is the bisections MBPHE [3]. Input histogram is divided into two parts using both of the methods. Equalization of these two ...
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