Geographical Information System (GIS)

Various methods are used to determine black-sites and one of these methods is Geographical Information System (GIS). The purpose of this study is to determine the black-sites where traffic accidents happened in Erzurum province roads using GIS. Mapping of traffic accident data for 2017 with ArcGIS help was done. Later, black- sites were identified by determining the areas where the accidents were clustered. Erzurum province to do study, where is one of the most developed provinces in Turkey’s Eastern Anatolia Region. Some traffic accidents may occur due to heavy winter conditions in the region, snow and ice. For this reason, the accidents may have been clustered at some point. These points must be examined experts on transportation area. Suggestions were made about measures that could be taken in these black-sites, in the end of the paper. Some of the studies done on this subject have been given in the continuing of the paper.

Abstract Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System to Identify Drought Potency . Kebumen regency was drought in year 2008, community clean water shortages and irrigation water following a decline in water resources. The use of remote sensing data and GIS can be used to identify the potential for drought-prone areas. Transformation of Landsat TM satellite imagery to obtain the brightness index, wetness index and vegetation index used to determine surface conditions in relation to drought. Brightness index and wetness index derived from the tasseled cap modifications, while the vegetation index derived from normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values. Other parameters such as aquifer conditions, rainfall and other types of dry agricultural land use was a factor in identifying drought. The data are performed in accordance with the zone description in order to get the study area in relation to regional drought. The result of the research is identified area the district of Karangsambung, Karanggayam, Sadang, Alian, Puring, Klirong, Buluspesantren, Ambal and Mirit potential drought.

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bharu, Johor, Malaysia Abstract— In line with advances in information technology, urban and regional planning area has been through several eras of change according to their needs and interests. Technology has evolved from the use of blue print to the implementation of Geographical Information System (GIS). The frequent problem faced is the difficulty to control, monitor or manage town planning in Malaysia. To overcome the problem, GIS application is used because of its ability to support the town planning process. This paper discusses the application of GIS in solving the problem faced in town planning. The results of this study found that the analysis performed from the results of GIS applications are the preparation of shaped spatial statistics and reports, digital information of map search and management of geographic information. This paper highlights the applications of GIS in town planning in Malaysia. It will focus on GIS applications by local government authorities and discuss the future direction in town planning in Malaysia.

Keywords: Geographical Information System, GIS, Power Distribution I. INTRODUCTION Geographical Information System (GIS) combines location data with both quantitative and qualitative information about the location, allowing you to visualize, analyze, and report information through maps and charts. Using the technology, you can answer questions, conduct what-if scenarios, and visualize results. GIS is identified as a system used to manage infrastructure assets, natural resources and any objects as per requirement. It is easier to analyze and manage facility and asset data stored in GIS, making design, construction, and maintenance more efficient and profitable.

2 would be the changes faced by them in future. So the cost involved is large and it varies w.r.t. to the completion of the project i.e. time. The traditional approach for scheduling and progress control techniques such as bar charts and the critical path method are still being used by the project managers for planning which a serious disadvantage for the decision is making purpose as the spatial aspects fail to provide the required information. There is pressure on the project managers to shorten the delivery times and thus the current scheduling and progress reporting practices are in need of substantial improvements in quality and efficiency. Integration of Geographical Information System (GIS) and project management software’s with visualization was recognized as one of the most important tools for achieving this goal.

other facilities with animals is obvious. In an outbreak of a disease it could make the management of the situation easier, and it could also provide a tool to evaluate different strategies to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. This paper aims to describe and give an overview of the possibilities and potential uses of a Geographical Information System (GIS) in the field of surveillance and monitoring of animal diseases. The fol- lowing areas in which GIS and special GIS-functions could be incorporated are pre- sented: recording and reporting information, epidemic emergency, cluster analysis, modelling disease spread, and planning control strategies. Different sources of data; ge- ographical data, farm locations and disease information, used in the development of the GIS at the National Veterinary Institute in Norway are thoroughly described in the pa- per. Further, it presents a few examples where the GIS has been applied to studies of epi- demiology and surveillance of animal diseases in Norway, which shows the significant value of GIS in these areas. At the same time, the incorporation of GIS in this field shows the scarcity of the data available, which should encourage improvement in the data recording and the quality of the registries.

Abstract — This research mainly focuses on the use of Geographical Information System in management of power distribution system. Traditional management system is not only manual but also has flaws such as difficulties in searching previous records and updating them, which is very time consuming task. Using GIS, Roads and buildings of UET Lahore have been mapped. Another layer of HT/LT network of UET Lahore overlaid on it. Databases have been created for poles, HT/LT lines and transformers, which stores the required information for decision making, future planning and analysis such as locations of dangerous/deteriorated poles, load on a particular transformer or location of loose jumpers of HT/LT lines. Mapping the electricity network in GIS can help us plan for preventive maintenance, easy retrieval of records, avoiding site surveys for new connections and improved material management. The integration of spatial database with analytical tools will be allowing the system to be planned more economically resulting in more efficient power distribution systems.

Keywords: Geographical Information System, GIS, Land Usage, agriculture, Analysis I. I NTRODUCTION Land use and land cover knowledge has become very important for country to overcome the problems of uncontrolled development, environmental quality, decreases in agricultural lands and destruction of wetlands. Land use data are needed in the analysis of environmental processes and problems that must be understood if living conditions and standards are to be improved or maintained at current levels.

Abstract: It is a crucial task to reduce road crashes by performing analyses and taking appropriate countermeasures to save lives. It has been a major issue for many people and government to reduce the amount of road collisions especially in Iran, since it could be a great threat to this country. Identification of crash black-sites is one of the most important fields in road safety studies. Many highway agencies have been using Geographical Information System (GIS) for analyzing crash data. The GIS based application integrates the information collection capabilities with the visualization. In this paper, Incident features like location, date, type of vehicle involved, and number of persons injured or died are imported in the GIS database. Then, Kernel density is to apply on the prepared data. The main objective is to specify road crash black-spots considering all types of traffic crashes based on their severity using Kernel Density through GIS environment. The results show that more severe crashes take place further from the cities than accidents with only property damages. Also, overlaying all crash types using the suggested SI (severity index) method will generate crash black-sites map which policy makers can use to determine accident-prone zones and take appropriate interventions. Keywords: GIS, accident-prone zones, severity index, kernel density, road safety.

** Assistant Professor in Geography, Govt Arts College (A), Karur, Tamilnadu Abstract: Kolli hills is located in Nammakal District, Tamilnadu , India, has an area of 418.5 sq.km. The hill is bounded by Nammakal in the south and south west. Rasipuram is in the North east. Attur Taluk is in the North and Tiruchirappalli district in the east. Kolli hills are also called Sathuragiri or square hill. The hill contain of high rising peak and ravines. The highest point in Kolli hills is 4663 feet above M.S.L, but the general level of the upper surface of the hills is not more than 3500 feet( 1000m), Its eastern and northern flanks drain either into Thurayur valley or the valley of the Periyar.The present paper is educational status of the hill regions at the present decades. Including their status of the population with educational condition will be studied through Geographical Information System(GIS).

In order to get databases connected with the circumstances of Geographical Information System (GIS), Geodetic and Photogrametric measurements have been taken on the area where the ancient town is placed and then the topographical structure of the site, the Photogrametric measurements of the architectural remains and their detailed reconstructions have been done; with this work some models have been created for the land usage and degradation in ancient and modern times in this area.

Keywords: Geographical information system, Orienteering, Data analysis. Abstract. Recently, Orienteering has become a popular sport among civilian, and Orienteering competitions have become very popular events in China. In order to solve the problems emerging in an Orienteering competition such as cheating, injury, pertinency training and organizing burden, we develop a Geographical Information System named as Cinton. There are three parts in Cinton, i.e., Communication Server for data management, Competitor Client for competitors and Referee Client for referees. There are four key functions, i.e., anti-cheating that prevents fake finding control points, fast rescue for injury, field preparation that helps referees setting control points, and data analysis that discover valuable knowledge. By demonstrating the usage flow of each part in detail, we can see that Cinton can provide with practical help to competitors, coaches and referees in Orienteering competition.

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to develop and evaluate the methods for a surface runoff assessment and its potential consequences in an urban environment on the case of city Dijon (France). The applied methodology is based on identifying and quantifying stakes by means of geographical information system. Thanks to the multicriteria method (AHP) applied during the research, the weight of each exposed element could have been assessed. The investigation presented in this paper yielded in a spatialized global vulnerability index, while permitting an analytic query.

Information System, Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika Dan Komputer Royal, Indonesia ABSTRACT Day Care Centre (TPA) is a form of Early Childhood Education (PAUD).through the non-formal education as a place for welfare functions as a substitute for the family for a certain period of time for children who have parents who are very busy with their work and career. There are many Day Care Centres in Indonesia, but the society members do not know about it. The community still uses the old system in solving the child care day problem namely; they ask the neighbor to care their child(ren) or call other people to come their house to care their chid(ren). But the system is not full of effective and efficiently because by this system, not a few parents are so sorry because they do not have time to care their child(ren) by themselves. To solve the problem, searching the locations of the Child Care Houses have been made a geographical information system based on Android in searching the location of DayCare Centre, especially in Padang City in order to help the society members in searching the location in particlarly the parents find out the place more easily by using Android Application.

One of the major problems with standard linear maps similar to the one provided by NJDOT for document management applications, standard highway links are most of the time too long, and the information, in this case number of documents, associated with each standard link can be beyond the needs of the user. Most of the time user is interested in a smaller portion of these links, but without using an additional GIS capability namely “Dynamic Segmentation”, it is not possible to subdivide these standard links into smaller links that will enable the user to better focus to his/her area of interest. GISMIS enhances the management of this information over a standard linear GIS network by taking advantage of this Dynamic Segmentation capability of MGE toolbox. An MGE tool, MGSM, accomplishes dynamic segmentation by eliminating manual operations required to break linear networks into smaller segments. Dynamic segmentation has the capability of displaying and analyzing any portion of a linear feature without modifying the base map. MGSM facilitates creating, validating and maintaining control network segmentation integrating map coordinates with LRS, where the spatial characteristics of a feature is described using positions along a linear network (13).

“Information Dissemination Module”, a communication tool for the UNMAS as focal point for Mine Action in the UN, designed to improve the interaction between the Mine Action community and the international community. The Field module is basically a database set configured for Mine Action applications. It unables day to day local man- agement tasks. The ”nude” Field module, based on MS office, includes a GIS and a ”Starter Kit”; the later contains already established databases, standarised data, forms, reports, technical information resources, and Mine Action infor- mation resources. This information comes from the UN standards, the UN Standard Operating Procedures, and from the Mine Action Center Databases from one side, and from demining experience, Non Governmental Organisations (NGO) databases and Test Fields from the other side.

selam@ cs. technion. ac. il,winter@ cs. technion. ac. il , tonyb@ geofocus. co. il Abstract Natural language interfaces to spatial databases have not received a lot of attention in computational linguistics, in spite of the potential value of such systems for users of Geographical Information Systems (GISs). This paper presents a controlled language for GIS queries, solves some of the semantic problems for spatial inference in this language, and introduces a system that implements this controlled language as a novel interface for GIS.

The vector model, the spatial locations of features is defined on the basis of coordinate pairs. These can be discrete, taking the form of points linked together to form discrete sections of line; linked together to form closed boundaries encompassing an area Attribute data pertaining the individual spatial features is maintained in an external database. In dealing with vector data any important concept is that Topology. Topology derived from geometrical mathematics, is concerned with order, contiguity and relative position rather than with actual linear dimensions. Topology is useful in GIS because many spatial modeling operations do not require coordinate locations, only topological information-for example to find an optimal path between two points requires a list of the arcs or lines that connect to each other and the cost to transverse them in each direction. It is also possible to perform the same spatial modelling and interrogation processes without using stored topology, by processing the geometrical data directly by generating topology on the fly or using vector object model as and when it is required.

Weibenberg [12] described the FLAME2008 platform, which was developed to be used in the Beijing Olympics. This platform is featured as a solution to deliver per- sonalized information to mobile device users. This work uses a set of ontologies to define the user situation, trying to infer the activities that users could carry out over a period of time. Starting from the definition of the user’s position, the most appropri- ate information for that time is displayed via Web Services. Despite being a very wide system, this work does not describe the implications of integrating information in context into a Mobile GIS environment.

Nandi & Associates (P) Ltd, 76/1,Shreerampur(N), Garia, Kolkata 700 084, India 3 Department of Construction Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 098, India Email : nandi.and.associates@gmail.com Abstract : The world is getting populated day by day & the population explosion is creating pressure on all the natural resources & the necessity of spending the same in a judicious fashion is the cry of the day. The primal item of man use is water which is scarce as ever & the judicious spending of the same is necessary using a GIS monitored system, coupled with minimal use of fertiliser to maximise the crop growth at the minimal use of irrigation. GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), analyze spatial information, edit data in maps & present the results of all these operations. In more generic sense GIS is a tool that allows users to create interactive queries analyze the spatial information & edit data. The later part of the paper discusses the scope of GIS, its uncertanities, raster to vector translation, data representation, GIS in irrigation management, GIS for predicting the future irrigation demand growth, GIS based irrigation water demand estimation, etc.