human immunodeficiency virus type 2
Genetic characterization of new West African simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsm: geographic clustering of household-derived SIV strains with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 subtypes and genetically diverse viruses from a single feral sooty mangabey troop.
... that human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) originated from simian immuno- deficiency viruses (SIVs) that are natural infections of sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus ...
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Identification of a novel retroviral gene unique to human immunodeficiency virus type 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus SIVMAC.
... Recently, nucleotide sequence analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus STVMAC revealed the existence of still another open reading frame, t[r] ...
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Primary Sooty Mangabey Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 nef Alleles Modulate Cell Surface Expression of Various Human Receptors and Enhance Viral Infectivity and Replication
... in human PBMC less efficiently than SIVsm nef genes (data not ...and 2), transfected with a plasmid expressing GFP alone (panel 3), or transfected with plasmids expressing GFP together with the 239wt, FFm1, ...
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Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Isolates Infect CD4-Negative Cells via CCR5 and CXCR4: Comparison with HIV-1 and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Relevance to Cell Tropism In Vivo
... expression. Figure 3 shows flow cytometric analysis of astro- cytes immunostained with 12G5, a CXCR4-specific MAb, and indicates astrocytes expressed CXCR4, but at lower concen- trations compared to U87/CXCR4 and ...
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Simian immunodeficiency virus mutants resistant to serum neutralization arise during persistent infection of rhesus monkeys.
... Characterization of infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus SIV mac and human immunodeficiency virus type 2: persistent infection of rhesus monkeys with molecularly [r] ...
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Complex determinants of macrophage tropism in env of simian immunodeficiency virus.
... Characterization of infectious molecular clones of simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac and human immunodeficiency virus type 2: persistent infection of rhesus monkeys with molecularly c[r] ...
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Identification of a Subset of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1), HIV-2, and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains Able To Exploit an Alternative Coreceptor on Untransformed Human Brain and Lymphoid Cells
... the virus isolates used in this study has been previously described (46, 54) and is summarized in Table ...All virus stocks were propagated in PBMCs purified from whole blood by density gradient ...
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr Functions as an Immediate-Early Protein during HIV-1 Infection
... pletion in vivo (2, 11, 15, 19, 20). Several gene products, such as Tat, Nef, gp120, and Vpr, induce apoptosis of HIV-infected cells in different systems (16, 23, 38, 43, 44). Our results clearly indicate that ...
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Natural Infection of a Household Pet Red-Capped Mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus torquatus) with a New Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
... simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) antibody in household pet monkeys in ...using human immu- nodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2)/SIVsm, SIVmnd, and SIVagm antigens, one ...
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The Promiscuous CC Chemokine Receptor D6 Is a Functional Coreceptor for Primary Isolates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 on Astrocytes
... Figure 2 shows that HIV-1 Han-2 plating on NP2/CD4/D6 cells could be blocked by increasing concentrations of RANTES and eotaxin, but not by recombinant human MIP-1 ␣ (LD78 ␣ ...
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Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 2 (HTLV-2) Provirus in Circulating Cells of the Monocyte/Macrophage Lineage in Patients Dually Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and HTLV-2 and Having Predominantly Sensory Polyneuropathy
... Semiquantitative PCR. The amount of proviral HTLV-2 DNA and RNA was evaluated by means of limiting-dilution (LD-PCR). Tenfold dilutions of 10 ml of the crude lysate or 5 ml of cDNA were amplified by means of ...
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Mapping and Characterization of the N-Terminal I Domain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Pr55Gag
... Localization of the N-terminal I domain. The N-terminal I domain was localized in this study to the N-terminal seven amino acids of NC. Although it is surprising that such a dis- crete, small domain was sufficient to ...
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Mutation of the Dominant Endocytosis Motif in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp41 Can Complement Matrix Mutations without Increasing Env Incorporation
... wild type over the course of a 4-h chase, as evidenced by the presence of gp120 and gp41 ...wild- type glycoproteins on the surfaces of transiently transfected cells, cell surface proteins were labeled with ...
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Envelope glycoproteins from human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus can use human CCR5 as a coreceptor for viral entry and make direct CD4-dependent interactions with this chemokine receptor.
... of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) into target ...simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) employ the same chemokine receptors for ...CXCR4-tropic virus or with a ...
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Effects of Mutations in the G Tract of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Polypurine Tract on Virus Replication and RNase H Cleavage
... important. This interaction involves the hydroxyl group of the tyrosine and the sugar-phosphate backbone of the nucleic acid, and mutations in either the nucleic acid or the protein affect the RNase H specificity. The ...
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Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection increases human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry into human primary macrophages
... 10 minutes each, twice in absolute ethanol for ten sec- onds each and then dried. The radioactivity was mea- sured by using a scintillator (Rackbeta 1214 Wallac) and expressed in counts per million (cpm). In parallel, ...
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Analysis of the transcription pattern and mapping of the putative rev and env splice junctions of bovine immunodeficiency-like virus.
... This family includes the agents of AIDS, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1 and HIV-2 2, 5, 19, as well as the simian immunodeficiency viruses 10, 26, visna virus 41, ovine progre[r] ...
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Simian foamy virus type 1 is a retrovirus which encodes a transcriptional transactivator.
... Certain oncoviruses, such as human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 HTLV-1, and certain lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus, enc[r] ...
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A genotypic method for determining HIV 2 coreceptor usage enables epidemiological studies and clinical decision support
... To predict HIV-2 coreceptor usage, we trained SVMs on data involving several regions of the HIV-2 genome. We decided to train SVMs on the V1, V2, and V3 loops as those regions are known to impact ...
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Development of a Western Blot Assay for Detection of Bovine Immunodeficiency-Like Virus Using Capsid and Transmembrane Envelope Proteins Expressed from Recombinant Baculovirus
... the human (11), immune reac- tivity associated with the major capsid protein p26 appears early in animals experimentally exposed to BIV (43, ...within 2 to 3 years after experi- mental infection in cattle ...
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