[PDF] Top 20 Mutations in the Thumb Allow Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase To Be Cleaved by Protease in Virions
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Mutations in the Thumb Allow Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase To Be Cleaved by Protease in Virions
... RT mutations is to increase the exposure of preexisting PR cleavage sites rather than creating new ...the mutations in the thumb that increased the susceptibility of RT to PR cleavage do not create ... See full document
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Effect of Mutations in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease on Cleavage of the gp41 Cytoplasmic Tail
... the virions after transfecting HeLa or 293T cells and purified them by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as described previously (9, ...R236L/PIR virions that were not detected in WT ... See full document
6
Cryoelectron Microscopic Examination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Virions with Mutations in the Cyclophilin A Binding Loop
... is cleaved by the viral protease into a 17-kDa matrix, a 24-kDa capsid (CA), a 7-kDa nucleo- capsid, and 6-kDa, 2-kDa, and 1-kDa proteins (17, 18, 25, ...of human immunodeficiency ... See full document
5
G→A Hypermutation in Protease and Reverse Transcriptase Regions of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Residing in Resting CD4+ T Cells In Vivo
... Resting CD4 ⫹ T cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells by use of negative selection to remove monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, CD8 ⫹ T cells, and activated CD4 ⫹ T cells as previously ... See full document
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In Vitro Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Protease Region and Maintenance of Reverse Transcriptase Resistance following Prolonged Drug Exposure
... the mutations conferring ZDV resistance (D67N, K70R, R211K, T215F, K219Q) were maintained at each time point ...IDV-treated virus showed evolution, with accumulation of additional PR muta- tions over ... See full document
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Effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to Protease Inhibitors on Reverse Transcriptase Processing, Activity, and Drug Sensitivity
... of protease inhibitors (PI) in suppressing hu- man immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in treated patients, particularly when used in combination with other ... See full document
5
Mutations in the Primer Grip of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Impair Proviral DNA Synthesis and Virion Maturation
... mutant virions. Western blotting of virions isolated from transfected HeLa P4 cell su- pernatants (6) was performed with anti-RT (I) or anti-INp30 (II) polyclonal antiserum or anti-CAp24 (III) monoclonal ... See full document
5
Frequency of Mutations Conferring Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infected Patients in Korea
... enzymes reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PR) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1); both are encoded by the pol ...the type and ... See full document
7
Replication of Phenotypically Mixed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Virions Containing Catalytically Active and Catalytically Inactive Reverse Transcriptase
... in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions was measured by using vectors that undergo a single round of ...wild-type reverse transcriptase (RT), vectors ... See full document
10
Worldwide Evaluation of DNA Sequencing Approaches for Identification of Drug Resistance Mutations in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... resistance mutations. Although the capacity to determine mutations was analyzed only for the HIV-1 RT gene, there is no reason to assume that the quality of results would be different for the ... See full document
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Mutations That Abrogate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Dimerization Affect Maturation of the Reverse Transcriptase Heterodimer
... wild-type virus for the HX-W401L and HX-W401A ...to virions is that mutant p66 is able to form loose or transient homodimers in the virus, allowing cleavage of the RNase H domain from one of ... See full document
11
Influence of Reverse Transcriptase Variants, Drugs, and Vpr on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mutant Frequencies
... additional mutations in RT, by drugs, and by Vpr variants deficient for binding to ...wt virus in the absence of ...will allow for mechanistic studies of the determinants of HIV-1 mutant ... See full document
10
Quantification of the Effects on Viral DNA Synthesis of Reverse Transcriptase Mutations Conferring Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to Nucleoside Analogues
... of reverse transcription following infection of target ...resistance mutations on reverse transcription by HIV-1, we developed techniques permitting the quantification of reverse ... See full document
11
Minority Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Variants in Antiretroviral-Naive Persons with Reverse Transcriptase Codon 215 Revertant Mutations
... NNRTI-associated mutations such as K103N have been shown to be strong predictors of virologic failure in persons receiving an NNRTI-containing regimen (1, 12), transmitted T215 revertants have had a less ... See full document
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The K65R Mutation in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Exhibits Bidirectional Phenotypic Antagonism with Thymidine Analog Mutations
... from virions (QIAamp kit; QIAGEN, Valencia, ...acids 1 to 560) of RT by RT-PCR, purifying the PCR product (Wizard PCR Purification System; Promega, Madison, ...no-drug, virus-infected control ... See full document
7
Immunogenicity of Mutations Induced by Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells
... standard mutations induced in vivo by nucleoside ana- logs at positions M41L and L74V located in RT-1 and posi- tions M184V and T215Y/F in ...of mutations, we observed RT-1-specific CTL in 5 ... See full document
7
The Impact of Multidideoxynucleoside Resistance-Conferring Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase on Polymerase Fidelity and Error Specificity
... of mutations (P , ...to type I error. The Q151 residue in HIV-1 RT maps to the loop between the aE and b8 region of the RT, near the single-stranded DNA of the tem- plate base (30), and is proposed ... See full document
6
Characterization and Structural Analysis of Novel Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Involved in the Regulation of Resistance to Nonnucleoside Inhibitors
... leukemia virus RT, and amplified with AmpliTaq Gold polymerase enzyme by using two different sequence-specific primers for 40 ...entire protease and the first 335 amino acids of the RT open reading frame ... See full document
13
Construction and Characterization of a Temperature-Sensitive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Mutant
... progeny virus production at ...RT mutations conferred a ts phenotype, al- though several resulted in mutant viruses that had lost infec- tivity for CEM (12D7) cells at all temperatures tested (Table ... See full document
8
Attenuated replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a didanosine-selected reverse transcriptase mutation.
... cloned virus is due to the RT mutation and not to an effect of the vector ...Leu74Val virus, the replication kinetics of uncharacterized clinical iso- lates should be interpreted with caution due to the ... See full document
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