DIGITAL LIBRARIES AND FUTURE

Sachin Ashok Wani, SVKM’S NMIMS Mukesh Patel Technology Park, Shirpur, Dist:Dhule (M.S.)

Abstract

A digital library is the new structure of the traditional library. The digital libraries trend comes into the 21st century. Virtual library, the digital library is the same concept. There are many reasons for digitization of libraries, but the main reason for digitization is that it is essential to reach user's good quality information. Author has discussed digital library, its benefits, failure, and future.

Keywords: Digital libraries, traditional library.

Introduction: S.R. Ranganathan (1892–1972), an impressive librarian and master, is considered the father of library science, wrote ―five laws of library science‖. In his fifth law, he said, that a library is a growing organism. Today is the world of technology, technology impacts falling all over .similarly technology has influenced the academic libraries. Due to technological impacts users are changing, content is changing, research is taking new forms so digital libraries must be the necessity of time. Digital library is the transfer form of books, periodicals, articles etc. into digital information format. Flexibility and reliability is the most important parts of digital information. Nowadays libraries can be facing the problems of increase in books and journals' price, less budget, incapability to provide multiple copies. The Digital Library has a digital representation of its objects. Digital libraries are popular as a digital version of the library.

Definition of digital libraries : According to the American Digital Library Federation,‖ digital libraries are digital organizations that provide resources to the special staff, choose, structure, intellective access, define, dispense, maintain honesty, and secure consistent timing of digital work so that it can be set up by a defined community‖. The definition of digital libraries is as follows. Digital libraries are a collection of services, information collection, organizing information items, protection of those things, electronic availability and direct or indirect availability.

Advantage of digital Libraries: The main advantage of digital libraries is to save rare and fragile goods and increase access to many users at the same time. There are many reasons for digitization of libraries, but the main reason for digitization is that it is essential to reach user's good quality information. Other important items for digital libraries include quality protection, multiple references, archived storage, and security measures Digital collection, related technologies, and its functions are important features of the digital library. The purpose of the digital library is to improve access and maintain value addition, protection, and technology and information retention.

Development of digital libraries:Some important points have been considered for the development of digital libraries:1) Digitization: convert paper and others in digital format.2) Edit original digital works like electronics books, journals and databases.3) Access contents available in digital form4) Digital libraries access digital sources like electronic books, journals, databases, lectures, websites through licensed.5) Some technical requirements for digital libraries include hardware (like scanner, input devices computer / output devices), software, network and display technology. All the above are important parts of digitization.

Digital Library: tales1) Internet is a digital library2) If there is a digital library network, then any user can access resources from time to time. In such a situation, the Internet can be called a digital library.

3) Many library users access the digital library resources at the same time 4) Digital libraries will provide more access, anywhere, at any time.5) Price is concerned, sources of digital resources available better than print libraries are better.

Digital Library Challenges: Some of the important challenges are resource search, digital library administration, licensing, copyright

1) Develop improved technologies.2) Design search and recovery tools.3) Establish protocols and standards to promote digital libraries.4) Develop financial models to support national digital libraries.

5) A whole access to both digital and physical content. Digital Library future and Failures

Digital Library future: The benefits of digital libraries are now recognized as way of accessing books, archives and different types of images easily and quickly, Traditional libraries have limited space; Digital libraries have the ability to save more information, so that they need small space just for digital information. The price of maintaining a digital library may be much less than the traditional library. Digital Conversion is one of the key benefits to users. The user of the digital library does not need to go to the library; People around the world easily reach the same information as long as the internet connection is available. One of the main advantages of digital libraries is that users access information 24/7, so that users can get information on providing the right network connectivity.The same resources can be used by many organizations and students. The user is able to use title, name and subject to search the entire collection. The digital library provides a fairly user-friendly interface, which can be right click on resources. Digitization is not a long solution for physical collection but it is successful in providing access to copies for reduced content from repeat users. Protection and conservation of data in digital libraries is an important issue. Although traditional librarieshave limited space, digital libraries have the ability to store moreinformation; Just so that they need to have less space for digital information .Some

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features of the objects, mainly the quality of the images, can be improved. Digitization can increase clearityand cause visual errors such as stain and dirt. It saves precious times of users and easily available.Alsoless dependency on library staff for getting information. It is fast publicationand no need of large number of library staff for library works and services.

Digital Library Failures: There are also some disadvantages to the digital library, which are follows:

1) User authentication of access2) Digital protection3) Training and development.4) Huge information generated every minutes5) Use is limited due to copyrights act and licensing agreements6) Access is currently unavailable due to problems and internet connection

Conclusion: The main purpose of the library is to provide quality services for to satisfy users with right information at the right time. The digital library is a trend, due to the digital library we actively transfer information but central purpose remains same i.e. to serve and teach to find users. Librarians play a leadership role in the digital library. Libraries all over the world have been working on this digital trend for many years. Libraries / Information Centers have to work using digital technology successfully, time needs to be taken and the initiatives have to be taken to improve the information services of the user community by making time for them and progressing the world simultaneously.

Reference

1) icts.amrita.ac.in,internet source

2) Olajide Adebayo Afolabi.(2018) "chapter 4 Myths and Challenges of Building an Effective Digital Library in Developing Nations" , IGI Global publication

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DIGITAL LIBRARIES & FUTURE

Dr. Ashok R. Mathankar, Art’s, Commerce & Science College Tukum, Chandrapur Dr. Sanjay Buttamwar, S.P. College, Chandrapur

Abstract

A selective survey of current digital Libraries available on the web was undertaken, identifying which search features are present, The survey indicates that current digital libraries. Suggestions are made for enhancing the searchers effectiveness of digital libraries.This paper discusses the Digital Libraries & Future.

Keywords: Digital Libraries, Dialog, Data star, www, OPAC.

Introduction: The concept of digital libraries emerged in 1892 from the early ideas of Paul outlet in ways to cease to violent wars eliminate national boundaries, and allow humanity to become balanced He discussed in his book called ―Birth of the information Age‖ about how to interlink millions of documents, images, audio and video files to gather so people could search in one system, He called in the ―Mundaneum‖.

Definition of a traditional library: A building or room containing collections of books, periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded music for people to read, borrow, or...Collections of books and periodicals held in such a building or room.A digital library is an organized collection of resources made accessible to a defined community for reference or borrowing. It provides physical or digital access to material, and may be a physical building or room, or a virtual space, or both.A digital library is a library in which collections are stored in digital formats (as opposed to print, microform, or other media) and assessable via computers. The digital content may be stored locally, or accessed remotely via computer- networks. A digital library is a type of information retrieval system.―A potentially virtual organization, that comprehensively collects, manages and – that comprehensively collects, manages and –preserves for the long depth of time rich digital content, and offers to its targeted user communities specialized functionality on that content, of defined quality and according to comprehensive codified policies‖The term digital libraries was first popularized by the NSF/DARPA Digital Libraries Initiative in 1994.

Academic repositories: Many academic libraries are actively involved in building institutional repositories of the institution‘s books, papers, theses, and other works which can be digitize or were ‗born digital‘. Many of these repositories are made available to the general public with few restrictions, in accordance with the goals of open access, in contrast to the publication of research in commercial journals, where the publishers often limit access right.

Digital Library Initiatives in India: India is in the experimental stages of digital libraries. Barring the Health Education Library for people (HELP), Mumbai, the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai, IIT kharagpur, and National centre for science Information (NCSI), Bangalore, a majority of libraries provide bibliographic access only. IASLIC-LIST and the LIS-FORUM, along with the electronic newsletter, INFOWATCH Provide professional information. Information today and Tomorrow, INFLIBNET News letter, and the DESIDOC Bulletin of Information Technology (D-BIT) are a few other sources of current information on the use of ICTS and networks in INDIA. Research and development activities regarding digital libraries are being under taken in some institutions, for example, at the Deduction and Research network (ERNET) of Department of Electronics. Gol (http://www.doe.ernet.in) and the electronic library being developed at the Indian National Scientific Documentation centre (NISCAIR), New Delhi (http://www.NISCAIR.org). A brief account of some of the resources and services is presented below.

Searchable databases on the web from central Library of Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagur (IIT- Kgp) (http://144.16.192.18 or http://libweb.iitkgp.ernet.in)Digitization at IIT-kgp Library initiated at the – beginning of 1990s. IIT-kgp is one of the six premier institutions of quality education in engineering and technology, the Indian Instituted of Technology (IITS) Electronic current awareness bulleting ‗Info watch‘ beginning in July 1996 by the University Grants commission (UGC). (http|:1144.16.72.150/ncsi/servies/lis-archive.html)

The situation in India regarding digital libraries is very peculiar. Many government agencies, as well as institutions, mostly in the public sector, are engaged in some sort of work - regarding the digitization of libraries. Examples clearly indicate that the potential of ICTS for developing digital libraries has not been fully realized by the Goal.

Advantages: The advantages of digital libraries as a means of easily and rapidly accessing book, archives and images of various types are now widely recognized by commercial interests and public bodies a like. Traditional libraries are limited by storage space; digital libraries have the potential to store much more information, simply because digital information requires very little physical space to contain it. As such, the cost of maintaining a digital library can be much lower than that of a traditional library. A lower than that of a traditional library. A physical library must spend large sums of money paying for staff, book maintenance, rent and additional books. No physical boundary: The user of a digital library need not to go to the library physically; people from all over the world can gain access to the same information, as long as an Internet connection is available.

Round the clock availability: A major advantage of digital libraries is that people can gain access 2417 to the information.

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Multiple accesses: The same resources can be used simultaneously by a number of institutions and patrons. This may not be the case for copyrighted material: a library may have a license for ―lending out‖ only one copy at a time; this is achieved with a system of digital rights management where resources can become inaccessible after expiration of the lending period or after the lender chooses to make it inaccessible (equivalent to returning the resources).

Information retrieval: The users is able to use any search term (word, phrase, title, name, subject) to search the entire collection Digital libraries can provide very user-friendly interfaces, giving clickable access to its resources.

Preservation and conservation: Digitization is not a long term preservation solution for physical collections, but does succeed in providing access copies for materials that would otherwise fall to Degradation from repeated use, Digitized collections and born-digital objects pose many per derivation and conservation concerns that analog materials do not please see the following ―problems‖ section of this page for examples.

Space: Whereas traditional libraries are limited by storage space, digital libraries have the potential to store much more information; simply because digital information required very little physical space to contain them and media storage technologies are more affordable than ever before

Added Value: Certain characteristics of objects, primarily the quality of images, may be improved Digitization can enhance legibility and remove visible flaws such as stains and discoloration.

Easily accessible: Digital libraries should enable any citizen to access all human knowledge anytime and anywhere, in a friendly, multi-modal, and efficient and anywhere, in a friendly, molt-modal, efficient, and effective way, by overcoming barriers of distance, languages, and culture and by using multiple Internet- Connected devise. The Future: Large scale digitization projects are underway at Google, the Million Book project, and Internet Archive. With continued improvements and Internet Archive. With continued improvements in book handling and presentation technologies such as optical character recognition and eBooks, and development of alternative depositories and business models, digital libraries are rapidly growing in popularity. Just as libraries have ventured into audio and video collections so have digital libraries such as the Internet Archive. According to Larry Lennon, Director of Information Management Technology at the nonprofit corporation should be for National Research Initiatives, ―all the problems associated with digital libraries are wrapped up in achieving‖.

Conclusion: There will be continuing expansion of digital library activities. IIS and computer science professionals face challenges that will lead to improved systems. More and more libraries will have departments and programs in the digital library arena. Digital libraries will build upon work being done in the information and data management area.

References:

DESIDOC Bulletin of Information Technology 17(6) (November 1997) (Special Issue on Digital Libraries). Fox, E.A. (1999). The Digital Libraries Initiative: Update and discussion. Bulletin of the America society for

Information Science 26 www.wikipedia.

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ROLE OF LIBRARIAN IN E-GOVERNANCE ERA‟: FROM COLLEGE STUDENTS