Jbase Complete.pdf

JBASE FOUNDATION

2

OBJECTIVE

Objectives of the course are to



introduce jBase with special features and architecture



login jBase



Understand jShell and environmental variables.



Understand Tools and Utilities



Comprehend File Management and tools



Understand jBase editor

3

INTRODUCTION TO JBASE

4 INTRODUCTION TO JBASE



jBase is a database management environment that runs on UNIX or Windows NT Operating system etc...



T24 Applications are developed in jBase Environment Using Info Basic and runs in jBase.



Portable across hardware platforms (HP-Unix, Aix, SCO Unix, Windows etc)



jBase provides a complete Development and Runtime environment.

5 TECHNICAL LAYER



T24 works on Unix/Windows platform and uses jBase/ Universe as its database during runtime environment

.

Unix / Windows

jBase / UniVerse DBMS

T24/GLOBUS

AC LD MM

… … …

_Applications

6 JBASE TERMINOLOGY

jBase Microsoft Office

Account Database

File Table

Record Record Field Field Value Value

Multi Value no comparison Sub Value no comparison

7

FEATURES OF JBASE

8 JBASE FEATURES

Unique feature in jBase are



Can store variable length records.



Unlimited number of files.

9 RELATIONSHIP OF OS AND JBASE



jBase has its own command processor that includes many OS commands.

Example: pwd

We can administer jBase from OS. Example:

10

JBASE ARCHITECTURE

11 JBASE ARCHITECTURE

12 ARCHITECTURE

The jBase architecture consists of three components



Application Development Environment (ADE)



Middle-ware components

13 ARCHITECTURE

•

The first component is the

Application Development Environment. • This consists of several products.

• First and primary is the Basic language (jBC)

14 ARCHITECTURE

•The second component is Middleware • The most important part of the

jBase middleware component is the jBase External Database Interface (jEDI)

15 ARCHITECTURE

The third and final component of jBase is the Database Management System.

16 ARCHITECTURE

Application Development Environment (ADE) It consists of the following tools/products

•

jBase Basic language compiler(jBC)

•

jBase OBjEX

17 ARCHITECTURE

Middle-ware component consists of two products.



jBase External Device Interface ( jEDI )

18 DATA-BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Efficient Resource Management



Non First Normal Form database, having multi-value capabilities. (i.e.. To embed tables within tables)

Transaction Management



It enables lock mechanism and ensures either a transaction is completed fully or reversed back to its original state

Effective Distribution



Distribution of data in the database through Hashing algorithm enables faster retrieval of data.

19

LOGIN TO JBASE

20 JBASE LOGIN

STEPS TO LOG ON TO T24 RUNNING ON jBase

•

Log on to Unix by specifying user name and password

•

user name and password are verified

•

Remote.cmd or .profile file is executed

21 JBASE LOGIN

Using REFLECTION software

22 JBASE LOGIN



It will automatically start prompting the user to enter

user-name and password.

23

24 JBASE DIRECTORY STRUCTURE

/jBase dev lib tmp jspooler config bin

25 JBASE DIRECTORIES

•

bin - Executable files

•

config - Configuration files

•

dev - External device information

•

jbcmessages - Error messages

•

include - Include files

•

lib - Library files

•

src - Source code files

26

27 JSHELL



Why jShell?



jShell provides a command line environment equivalent to DOS and UNIX terminal modes.



Features of jShell



Easily customizable command line prompt



Easy command recall.

28 NAVIGATION IN JSHELL



BK

from T24 gets you down to the jsh prompt



jsh > pwd

present working directory



jsh > jdir

list files and directories under current directory



jsh > ls -l (unix installation)

list files and directories and their permissions



jsh >more (unix installation)

used with record name to display contents of the record



jsh > cd

move to directory or file



jsh> exit

29 jShell COMMANDS



jdir - Displays list of files in a directory



jrm - Removes a file

30

JBASE ENVIRONMENTAL

31 JBASE ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES

Used to help jBASE to,



Locate files



Establish search paths



Locate programs



Locate subroutines

32 VIEWING ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES



jdiag



Shows all environment variables from a jBASE perspective



This has to be executed from the jshell prompt



echo



Shows you the contents of an environment variable



This has to be executed from the jshell prompt

33 JBCRELEASEDIR



Path to the jBASE directory where jBASE has been installed.



It shows the path where jbase executables, Libraries and Scripts are found.



Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCRELEASEDIR



Output : /t24muappl/t24mcbdev/tafcmcbdev

34 JBCGLOBALDIR



Path to the jBASE directory where various configuration files are found.



JBCGLOBALDIR shows where global constants can be found, such as the configuration file for the record locking mechanism.



Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCGLOBALDIR



Output : /t24muappl/t24mcbdev/tafcmcbdev

35 JBCSPOOLERDIR



Contains the path of the spooler directory of JBASE.



jBase spool files are under the jspooler directory where jBase has been installed.



Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCSPOOLERDIR



Output : muappl/t24mcbdev/jspooler

36 PATH



Search path locating executables.



Contains search path for OS executables.



Contains the search path of jBase executables.



It also Contains Compiler executables.



jBase executables are under the bin directory where jBase has been installed.



Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $PATH



Output :

/usr/java5/jre/bin:/t24muappl/t24mcbdev/bnk/bnk.run/t24bin/eb_ monitoring:/t24mun

37 JBCBASETMP



Contains the path of the JBASE temp directory that stores temporary files.



Example:jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCBASETMP



Output :

38 JBCLISTFILE



Contains the path of the SAVEDLISTS File that is

used to store select lists.



Example: jsh jglobus ~ -->echo $JBCLISTFILE



Output :

39

FILE SYSTEM JBASE

40 FILE TYPES



Jbase has two types of Files

 Hashed Files

41 NON-HASHED FILES



Contains Sequential files



Unix level directories



Used to store programs or generated reports



Name cannot exceed 255 chars, determined by OS.



Spooler files used by GLOBUS to store printed reports

are directory files.



BASIC programs, executables and subroutines are

generally stored in directory files since they have no set

key, length or structure, and record sizes vary greatly.

42 HASHED FILES



Data files are stored as hash files



Uses Hash Algorithms to dynamically read and write data



Two types of Hashed files



Type J3



Type J4

43 FILES IN JBASE

Every file created in jBase contains two parts

•

Data portion

•

Dictionary portion

Data portion Dictionary portion

Data : Records in turn has many fields.

Dictionary : Contains field name and its attributes like eg. Length, Max.range etc.,

Contains records

Contains field name and

44 MODULO AND SEPERATION



Modulo



The data and dict portion of hashed files are divided in to groups called Modulos.



Default size of one Modulo is 1024 bytes for J3 type



Default size of one Modulo is 4096 bytes for J4 type



Separation



The size of the modulo is determined by separation.



Multiplying factor of the Modulo.

45 MODULO AND SEPERATION



Modulo and Separation specify the disk space allocated to a hashed file.



The choice of file type, modulo, and separation can have dramatic effect on JBASE’s performance in accessing a file.



Size of the Data and Dict Portions can be determined while creating file.



Apart from these it is possible to define secondary Buffer size.

46 4*1024= 4096 Bytes Modulo1 4*1024= 4096 Bytes Modulo2 4*1024= 4096 Bytes Modulo3 4*1024= 4096 Bytes Modulo4

Data Portion of Hashed file of Type=J3 for Modulo=5 and Separation=4

STRUCTURE OF HASHED FILE TYPE J3

4 *1024= 4096bytes

47 3*4096= 12298 Bytes Modulo1 3*4096= 12298 Bytes Modulo2 3*4096= 12298 Bytes Modulo3 3*4096= 12298 Bytes Modulo4

Data Portion of Hashed file of Type=J4 for Modulo=4 and Separation=3

48 COPY



SYNTAX:



COPY FROM [SOURCE FILE]TO [TARGET FILE] record names



Eg: COPY FROM MCB.TRN TO MCB.TRN1 TEST



This command copied the record from MCB.TRN to MCB.TRN1.

49 FILE HANDLING WHEN ORACLE USED AS DATABASE FOR T24

Data Storage in Oracle

Slide 51

Slide 52

Slide 53

Input Data From Jbase

54 COMMANDS



CLEAR.FILE



To delete all records in dictionary or data file. You cannot use this statement to delete the file itself.



Syntax : CLEAR.FILE <file name>



DELETE.FILE



Deletes the data file or dictionary file.



Syntax : DELETE.FILE <file name>

55

56 JQL

The jBase Query Language (jQL) provides the facility, which allows to retrieve data from the database in a structured order and to

present the data in a flexible and easily understood format.

It is used to process data in the database and to generate reports. They are

•

Record selection for processing

•

Report formatting

•

Sorting

•

Data field manipulation capabilities

Enter JQL statements in the jBase prompt to see how each one works.

57 LIST



List



To list all the records in a file for the given fields.



Eg. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER



List File Fields



Eg. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER MNEMONIC SHORT.NAME NAME.1



Explicit List



This list will select only those records which are given explicitly.



Eg. LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER "1000000017" "1000000013"

58 LIST

Listing of Specific records



LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER WITH NAME.1 = “VAR1" “VAR2" “VAR3“



This will list those records whose Name.1 matches the above

mentioned value.



LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER WITH NAME.1 = “VAR1" AND WITH SHORT.NAME= “VAR2“



If both Name.1 and Name.2 matches then only the record will be retrieved.



LIST FBNK.CUSTOMER NAME.1 WITH NAME.1 LIKE “S…“



Will list only those records which starting with S

59 SORT



Sort



Sort will sort the record in ascending order. If you want to sort the records in descending order we have to explicitly mention in the sort statement. By default it will sort in ascending order.



Sort File By Field Fields



SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY NAME.1 NAME.2

• This command will sort the record by Name.1 in ascending order. Though it is not specified in the sort command by default it will take ascending order.



SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY-DSND NAME.1

• This command will sort the record by Name.1 in descending order.



SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY @ID BY NAME.1

60 SORT

BREAK-ON



SORT FBNK.CUSTOMER BY NAME.1 BREAK-ON NAME.1



This command will insert a break each time the value in the

Break-On field changes.



(I.e) when the Name.1 changes there will be some spaces between records.

61 COUNT



COUNT



COUNT FBNK.ACCOUNT



Count is used to count the total number of records in a file.



SUPPRESS : DET-SUPP Details suppress



SORT FBNK.ACCOUNT BY CUSTOMER BREAK-ON "'P'" CUSTOMER TOTAL WORKING.BALANCE DET-SUPP



The command will list the total working balance for each

customer without the account detail. Only the grand total of each customer will be listed. If DET-SUPP is not given then the

command will list all the account and working balance for each customer along with the grand total of each Customer.

62 COUNT



SUPPRESS : ID-SUPP



Suppress the record ID from being displayed as the first field in any report.



SORT FBNK.ACCOUNT BY CUSTOMER BREAK-ON "'P'" CUSTOMER @ID WORKING.BALANCE ID-SUPP



By default the id of each record will be displayed even if the id column is not given. To suppress that id column we have to give Id-Supp.

63 ESEARCH

ESEARCH

This command will search for the string RADAR in Globus.BP. ESEARCH GLOBUS.BP

STRING:RADAR STRING:

64

65 COMO



Como is a Utility that is used to record the details which takes place in the terminal and this in-turn is stored as a record in COMO.



Record will be stored in a directory &COMO&



Como can be initiated from jsh prompt by COMO ON <record>



Como can be stopped by COMO OFF



During EOD/COB process, COMO will be initiated automatically and it records the details for every process/agent

66 WHERE & WHO



WHERE



will display the details of processes executing jBase programs.



It has to be executed from jShell prompt.



WHO



Utility that displays the port number and the user for the current process.

67 AUTOLOGOUT



The AUTOLOGOUT command enables a session to be

automatically logged off if there is no keyboard activity for a specified time.



Syntax : AUTOLOGOUT n



n - number of minutes of keyboard inactivity required before the session is logged off.

68 CT

CT command used to display a record from a file to the terminal.

Syntax : CT <filename> <record>

Example : CT MCBMU.BP TEST Output :

001 *---002 * <Rating>0</Rating>

003 *---004 PROGRAM TEST

005 PRINT “HELLO WORLD!" 006 END

69 SHOW-ITEM-LOCKS



The SHOW-ITEM-LOCKS command displays details of items that are locked in jBase hashed files.



SYNTAX



Jsh t24demo  SHOW-ITEM-LOCKS



A lock can be explicitly cleared with the CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS command.

70 CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS



The CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS command can be used to clear a specific lock or all locks taken against a specific file.



This command can only be used with jBase hashed files.



The user should have administrator rights to execute this

command.



SYNTAX :



CLEAR-ITEM-LOCKS filename

71

72 JSHOW



Used to find data files, programs and subroutines



It has to be executed from jshell prompt.



Syntax : jshow -options name



a display subroutine names in a shared object



c display compile time and source file



f filename search only



h display help for jshow



p program name only search



s subroutine name only search

73 JDIAG



Shows all environment variables and the assigned path from a jBASE perspective

74 JSTAT



Jstat is the tool used to find the statistics of a data file



It has to be executed from jsh prompt



Syntax : JSTAT <file name>



It can be applied only for a Hashed file.

75 JRF



Badly sized file will always affect the performance



So file need to be resized depending on the data flow



JRF is the tool with which we can resize the data /

Hashed file



It has to be executed from the jsh prompt



Syntax : JRF –options <filename>



Options are

- H3

Force to J3 file type

- H4

Force to J4 file type

- Sm(,s)

Increase Modulo/seperation

. Modulo -m ; seperation -s

- R

Reporting purpose only

- D

Allows downsizing of a file

76

77 jED

•

It is the preferred editing tool for the jBase – operating environment and suited to the editing of jBASIC programs.

•

jED editor is a full screen, context sensitive, screen editor designed specifically for ease of use and learning

•

It incorporates many powerful facilities for manipulating text and data, and contains all the features that programmers expect.

78 JED COMMAND SYNTAX

Syntax:



jed pathname {pathname..}



jed {DICT} filename{,filesection} {record-list} {(options)}



DICT - This modifier is only required if you wish to edit records in the DICTionary of a j-file.



filename - This is the name of the "file" containing the records.



filesection - This is the file section name, as used in a j-file.



record-list - It is possible to furnish a list of records to be

successively edited. This can be a list of records separated by a space, or "\*" to indicate all records in the file.

79 jED

Editor

screen

1. The editor status line at the top 2. The Command line

3. The data editing area, which fills the rest of the screen. Eg. File PROGS, Record cust_rep.b Insert 10:45:17

Eg. Command

80 jED COMMANDS

Toggle the display of the record in Hexadecimal HX or HEX

Re-execute last ! Cmd !!

Execute Command ! Cmd

Turn on Format indentation BION

Format BASIC code BI

Move Marked block after current line MA

Move Marked block before current line MB

Locate the next occurrence of "string" /string or L

Copy Marked block after current line. n times CAn

Copy Marked block before current line, n times CBn

Mark Block, 1st Start Blk, 2nd End Blk, 3rd Remove Mark Ctrl G

81

Clears text to the end of the line. If the cursor is situated at the end of the text line, then this

Command will join the following line with the current line

jED COMMANDS

Deletes the current line. By default, this key

must be pressed twice to delete the line. This is to avoid accidental deletion by users familiar with vi.

<Ctrl D> <Ctrl K>

Deletes from the cursor to the end of the word, including the following white space characters <Ctrl W>

Moves the cursor to the Command LINE <Esc>

Moves the cursor to the end of the current line. <Ctrl E>

Moves cursor to start of the current line. <Ctrl A>

82

<Ctrl P> Locates the previous occurrence of a earlier located string.

<Ctrl R> Redisplays the screen and discards the most recent updates (since the last carriage return).

<Ctrl T> Copies the character at the corresponding cursor position on the line above the current line.

<Ctrl V> Performs jBC program indentations on the current screen window.

<Ctrl X> Exits the current record without writing away any updates. If the record has been changed within the current editing session then the editor will ask for confirmation to exit the modified record.

<Enter> Opens a new line. Any characters on the current line after the current cursor position are moved to the start of the new line.

83 REPLACE

Position the cursor on appropriate line and move to the Command-> Prompt

R/OLD/NEW : Changes first OLD to NEW on current line. R/OLD/NEW/3 : Changes first 3 OLD to NEW on current line. R3/OLD/NEW : Changes first OLD to NEW over 3 lines.

RU/OLD/NEW : Changes all OLD to NEW on current line. RU3/OLD/NEW : Changes all OLD to NEW over 3 lines.

84 COPY AND MOVE - BLOCKS



Select the Block using Ctrl G and move to the Command-> Prompt



CA : Copies block after line you are on.



CA4 : Copies block 4 times after line you are on.



CB : Copies block before line you are on.



CB4 : Copies block 4 times before line you are on.



MA : Moves block after line you are on.



MB : Moves block before line you are on.



DB : Deletes Block.

85 SUMMARY



We have learnt Jbase architecture and access to jbase



We discussed about use of Jbase environmental variables



We thrown some light on jbase tools, utilities ,jeditor and JQL

Thank You !!!

Presented By:

Prakash Parupudi

Slide 86 Slide 86

87 CREATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FILES

88

•

To create a file in jBase use CREATE.FILE command.

SYNTAX

CREATE.FILE <file name> TYPE=UD

This command Creates the data file and dict file. HOW TO CREATE A NON HASHED FILE?

89

•

To create a file in jBase use CREATE.FILE command.

SYNTAX

CREATE.FILE <file name> TYPE=<file type> <dict portion> <data portion>

This command Creates the data file and dict file.

90 WORKSHOP

• Create a Non hashed file

• Create a Hashed file with J3 type • Create a Hashed file with J4 type

91 NON-HASHED FILE

CREATE.FILE MCB.TRN TYPE=UD Output :



[ 417 ] File MCB.TRN]D created , type = UD



[ 417 ] File MCB.TRN created , type = UD

92 HASHED FILE

CREATE.FILE F.MCB TYPE=J4 4,2,3 4,3

Dict Modulo

: 4

Dict Separation

: 2

Dict Secondary Buffer size : 3

Data Modulo

: 4

Data Separation

: 3

Data Secondary Buffer size: Default

Output :

File F.MCB]D created , type = J4

File F.MCB created , type = J4

93 2*4096= 8192 Bytes Modulo1 2*4096= 8192 Bytes Modulo2 2*4096= 8192 Bytes Modulo3 2*4096= 8192 Bytes Modulo4

3*8192

3*8192

3*8192

3*8192

HASHED FILE

Secondary buffer size is allocated only when there is data overflow

Dict Portion of Hashed file of Type=J4 for Modulo=4 and Separation=2 and secondary buffer size = 3

94 4*4096= 16384 Bytes Modulo1 4*4096= 16384 Bytes Modulo2 4*4096= 16384 Bytes Modulo3 4*4096= 16384 Bytes Modulo4

2*16384

2*16384

2*16384

2*16384

HASHED FILE

Secondary buffer size is allocated only when there is data overflow Data Portion of Hashed file of Type=J4 for Modulo=4 and

Thank You !!!

Presented By:

Prakash Parupudi

Slide 95 Slide 95