[PDF] Top 20 Cross-Linking of the Fingers Subdomain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase to Template-Primer
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Cross-Linking of the Fingers Subdomain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase to Template-Primer
... the fingers associated with resistance to nucleoside analog RT inhibitors acted by altering the position of the nucleic acid substrate relative to ...DNA template-primer, and a deoxynucleoside ... See full document
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Nucleoside Analog Resistance Caused by Insertions in the Fingers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Involves ATP-Mediated Excision
... anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy has prolonged the lives of patients, drug resistance is a significant ...cause cross-resistance to a particular ... See full document
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Potent Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication by Template Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Derived by SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment)
... DNA and RNA sequences via the SELEX (systematic evolu- tion of ligands by exponential enrichment) procedure (5, 9, 26, 30, 31). The anti-RT aptamers are small RNA molecules that lack primary sequence homology to each ... See full document
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Mutations That Confer Resistance to Template-Analog Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Lead to Severe Defects in HIV Replication
... nM template-primer were preincu- bated for 5 min at 37°C, and polymerization was initiated by the addition of 50 M dinucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) and a 20-fold molar excess of poly(rA)-oligo(dT) trap ... See full document
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mutagenesis during Antiviral Therapy: Impact of Drug-Resistant Reverse Transcriptase and Nucleoside and Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mutation Frequencies
... in virus mutation frequen- cies, which is in contrast to the individual mutations, which do not lead to significant differences compared to wild-type ...in virus mutation frequen- ...in virus ... See full document
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A Role of Template Cleavage in Reduced Excision of Chain-Terminating Nucleotides by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Containing the M184V Mutation
... the primer terminus causing RT to bind preferentially in the polymerase mode ...the primer termi- nus, leading to ⫺ 17 cleavage, and at a secondary site five nucleo- tides downstream, leading to ⫺12 ...the ... See full document
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Subtype-Specific Differences in the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Connection Subdomain of CRF01_AE Are Associated with Higher Levels of Resistance to 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine
... CN subdomain clearly increased AZT resistance and AZTMP ex- cision in these studies, our previous analyses of treatment- naïve and NRTI-experienced patients indicated that not all CN subdomains containing a ... See full document
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Mutations in the Thumb Allow Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase To Be Cleaved by Protease in Virions
... thumb subdomain that cause instability in RT are near the interface between the thumb of p51 and RNase H; however, none of the mutations are at the dimer ...the fingers subdomain, which when present ... See full document
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Influence of Reverse Transcriptase Variants, Drugs, and Vpr on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mutant Frequencies
... a template for the DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activ- ity of RT to complete synthesis of the double-stranded viral ...during reverse transcription. Recent struc- tural studies of HIV-1 RT complexed ... See full document
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Comparison of Sequencing by Hybridization and Cycle Sequencing for Genotyping of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... codons 1 to 242 was sequenced by fluoresceinated primer extension (ThermoSequenase Fluorescent Labeled Primer Cycle Sequencing Kit; Amersham Life Science, Buckinghamshire, En- gland), followed by gel ... See full document
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Relationship between 3′-Azido-3′-Deoxythymidine Resistance and Primer Unblocking Activity in Foscarnet-Resistant Mutants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... and primer unblocking are mutually exclusive activities of RT and that, as a result, the primer-unblocking reaction is very sensitive to inhibition by the next complementary dNTP (32, ...the template ... See full document
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Mutations in the U5 Region Adjacent to the Primer Binding Site Affect tRNA Cleavage by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase In Vivo
... tRNA primer (Fig. 1) (2, ...acid template primers in the RT-DNA-DNA and RT-RNA-DNA complexes (PPT versus PBS) are remarkably ...H primer grip in the RNase H domain (6, 7, 14, 16, 26). The ... See full document
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Effects of Amino Acid Substitutions at Position 115 on the Fidelity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... Genetic assays have several advantages. They are not appre- ciably affected by the purity of individual deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) stocks which can be an important issue in certain biochemical fidelity assays. ... See full document
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Mutations Proximal to the Minor Groove-Binding Track of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Differentially Affect Utilization of RNA versus DNA as Template
... to template- specific differences in an event subsequent to dNTP binding and not due to a defect in a primary event such as initial recognition and binding of ...wild type when the rebinding of RT is ... See full document
9
Amino Acid Mutation N348I in the Connection Subdomain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Confers Multiclass Resistance to Nucleoside and Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
... Molecular modeling studies. The SYBYL and O programs were used to prepare molecular models of the complexes of WT and N348I HIV-1 RT with DNA, NVP, and the triphosphates of AZT and ddI. Starting atomic coordinates ... See full document
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Mutations That Abrogate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Dimerization Affect Maturation of the Reverse Transcriptase Heterodimer
... nection subdomain of both HIV-1 RT ...lentiviral reverse transcriptases (3), although it is not found in other lentiviral RTs known to form heterodimers, including feline immunodeficiency ... See full document
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Template Usage Is Responsible for the Preferential Acquisition of the K65R Reverse Transcriptase Mutation in Subtype C Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
... DNA template of the position 65 region of pol. (A) Lanes 1 through 9 depict ( ⫹ )strand DNA synthesis with subtype B wild-type RT on a subtype B ...Lanes 1 through 9 depict ( ⫹ )strand DNA ... See full document
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Involvement of Novel Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Mutations in the Regulation of Resistance to Nucleoside Inhibitors
... with 1 and ⫺1 representing maximal positive and negative association, ...⫽ 1 to distance 0 and phi ⫽ ⫺1 to distance 1, with linear interpolation in ...of 1 simply means that out ... See full document
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Incorporation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase into Virus-Like Particles
... Improper subcellular localization of expressed RT-IN pro- teins may partly account for their reduced incorporation into VLPs. Improper transport or subcellular localization may con- tribute to reduced RT-IN incorporation ... See full document
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Resistance to Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Mediated by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 p6 Protein
... Duplication of the initial 11 amino acids of p6 has been rarely reported in the genome databases or the literature. We only identified 15 sequences with this phenomenon among an estimated 5,800 HIV-1 Gag sequences ... See full document
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