CHAPTER : ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT

ANDHERI / BORIVALI / DADAR / CHEMBUR / THANE / MULUND/ NERUL / POWAI TOPIC: ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT - II

1. An interaction between organisms or species in which the fitness of one overpowers the presence of another is called ____________ .

(a) mutualism (b) commensalism (c) competition (d) parasitism

2. Two closely related species competing for the same resources cannot co-exist indefinitely and the competitively inferior will be eliminated eventually.” This statement is ____________ .

(a) Charles Darwin’s “Survival of the Fittest” theory (b) Theory of organic evolution

3. The interference competition occurs directly between individuals where ____________ . (a) organism compete for space

(b) one individual prevents the survival and reproduction of others (c) two species have a common prey

(d) two separate species share the same resource in the same area

4. The apparent competition occurs indirectly between two species which ____________ . (a) compete for space

(b) have a common prey (c) fight for the same resources

(d) share the same resources in the same area

5. Competition between the individuals of two separate species for sharing the same resources in the same area is called ____________ .

(a) interference competition (b) apparent competition (c) intra specific competition (d) inter specific competition 6. Symbiosis is an interaction between two species in which ____________ .

(a) both live together in direct contact (b) both benefit

7. Ectoparasites are the parasites which live ____________ . (a) in the intercellular spaces of host

(b) on the surface of the host

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8. A protozoan living in digestive tract of a flea living on a dog is example of ____________ .

(a) hyperparasitism (b) kleptoparasitism (c) ectoparasitism (d) endoparasitism 9. The citrus blackfly parasitoid, Encarsia perplexa, unmated female of which lay haploid eggs which

result in the development of male offsprings. Here Encarsia perplexa is ____________ . (a) kleptoparasite (b) endoparasite (c) adelphoparasite (d) ectoparasite 10. The carnivores population will increase when ____________ .

(a) there is availability of grass

(b) there is increase in the population of herbivores (c) there is increase in het population of omnivores (d) both (a) and (b)

11. Group of individuals belonging to the same species is called ____________ .

(a) population (b) community (c) family (d) order 12. Growth rate of population is given by ____________ .

(a) Growth rate =

13. Population density means ____________ . (a) the number of human per unit area

(b) the number of individuals in a unit area at a specific time (c) the concentration of human population at a place

(d) none of the above

14. Population having large number of individuals of the pre-productive age group is called ____________ .

(a) growing population (b) steady population (c) declining population (d) reproductive isolation

15. Population having large number of post reproductive and small number of pre-reproductive age group is called ____________ .

(a) growing population (b) steady population (c) declining population (d) reproductive isolation 16. IUCN stands for ____________ .

(a) International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (b) International Union for Conservation of Natural Resources

(d) International Union for Conservation of Natural habitat

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17. Species whose members are few and live in small geographical areas are called ____ species.

(a) endangered (b) vulnerable (c) rare (d) indeterminate 18. Urbanization and increase in population affects biodiversity by ____________ .

(a) making land unreproductive

(b) making permanent loss of flora and fauna (c) reducing dependence on nature

(d) maintaining land capability

19. In situ conservation includes ____________ .

(a) prohibition of grazing, cultivation and collection of products from forests (b) maintenance of national parks, wild-life sanctuaries and biosphere reserves (c) both (a) and (b)

(d) none of these

20. MIC gas was leaked from the ____________ .

(a) Union carbide pesticide plant (b) Canning factory

(c) Narora Nuclear reactor (d) Kilplay pesticide factory 21. Burning of coal from electric power plants release gases containing ____________ .

(a) two-third of SO2 (b) two-third of CO2 (c) two-third of CO (d) two-third of NO2

22. The word “smog” was coined by ____________ .

(a) Dr. H.A. Des Voeux (b) Guillard

23. NEERI is ____________ .

(a) National Ethological and Ecological Research Institute (b) National Eugenics and Ecological Research Institute (c) National Ecological and Environment Research Institute (d) National Environmental Engineering Research Institute

24. Kolkata has the highest _______ pollution during peak traffic hours.

(a) sulphur dioxide (b) carbon monoxide

25. H2S causes ____________ .

(a) leaf lesion, defoliation and reduced growth (b) headache, nausea, conjunctivitis

26. Which of the following is called laughing gas?

(a) Nitrous oxide (b) Nitric oxide (c) Nitrogen dioxide (d) Sulphur dioxide

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27. Which of the following devices are used to control pollution?

(a) Positive crankcase ventilation valve, catalytic converter, electrostatic precipitators (b) generator, refrigerator

28. __________ empowers to suspend the registration of vehicles which are emitting pollutant beyond a certain specified limit

(a) Bombay Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 1984 (b) Maharashtra Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 1984 (c) Bombay Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 1990 (d) Maharashtra Motor Vehicles (Amendment) Act, 1990

29. Addition of an excess material or heat to water which is harmful to humans, animals or desirable aquatic life is called ____________ .

(a) water pollution (b) air pollution (c) soil pollution (d) noise pollution 30. Shipping water pollution includes ____________ .

(a) human sewage waste

(b) oil spills and offshore drilling rigs (c) waste water from cleaning operations (d) all of the above

31. The total gas generation from Okhla is ____________ . (a) 0.5 million cubic feet/day

(b) 0.6 million cubic feet/day (c) 0.8 million cubic feet/day (d) 0.9 million cubic feet/day

32. Physicochemical technique used for removal of chemical pollutant is/are ____________ . (a) absorption (b) electrodialysis (c) ion-exchange (d) all of the above 33. In integrated organic farming ____________ .

(a) waste of one process is used as nutrient for other process (b) waste of one process which is less harmful is disposed off (c) waste are disposed directly in ecosystem

(d) waste is not generated

34. Which one of the following is a matching pair of certain organism(s) and the kind of association?

(a) Shark and sucker fish – mutualism (b) Sea anemone and snail-commensalism (c) Algae and fungi – parasitism

(d) Leguminous plant and Rhizobium – amensalism

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35. Which is the following example tells that the prey population has evolved various defences to

survive?

(a) Monarch butterfly is not preyed upon by birds due to its bad taste resulting from poisonous secretion

(b) Tigers feeding on deer

(c) Encarsia perplexa lay haploid eggs which develop into male offsprings.

(d) Plasmodium living in the salivary glands of female Anopheles mosquito 36. Which of the following is the natural cause of extinction of species?

(a) Pollution of soil, water and air (b) Earthquakes, floods, landslides (c) Cutting of forest trees, overgrazing

(d) Uprooting of orchids and medicinal plants 37. In air pollution, dust refers to ____________ .

(a) liquid dispersion aerosols (b) solid dispersion aerosols (c) gaseous dispersion aerosols (d) viscous dispersion aerosols 38. Domestic water pollution is due to ____________ .

(a) release of waste water from homes and commercial establishments (b) release of industrial effluent

39. Which of the following statement is incorrect about camel?

(a) Maximum water in camel is lost through urine

(b) Water is stored in the muscles and water cells of stomach of camel (c) Water is stored in the connective tissue of hump of camel

(d) It has longer loop of Henle for more reabsorption of water 40. Which statement is not correct about competition?

(a) The organism fight with other member of same species for mate (b) The competition plays a critical role in natural selection

(c) Unlimited supply of resources is one of the primary reason for competition (d) The organism compete for resources such as food, water and territory 41. In demography, we study ____________ .

(a) decrease or increase in population

(b) ratio of different age groups of males and females (c) distribution of population in different countries (d) all of the above

42. The population of a place can be increased when ____________ .

(a) emigration increases (b) predation increases (c) reproductivity decreases (d) immigration increases

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43. The taxa which are likely to move into the endangered category if causative factors continue to

operate is called ____________ .

(a) endangered (b) intermediate (c) vulnerable (d) rare 44. Which of the following adverse affects are caused by SO2?

(a) SO2 causes discolouration and physical deterioration of building material and sculpture (b) SO2 affects vegetation at concentration below 0.03 ppm

45. Automobiles and industries are the chief source of pollutants such as ____________ . (a) oxides of carbon (b) oxides of sulphur (c) oxides of nitrogen (d) all of these 46. Electrostatic precipitator is used to control ____________ .

(a) air pollution (b) noise pollution (c) water pollution (d) waste pollution 47. Ramesh Chandra Dagar, a farmer in Sonipat, Haryana has adopted ____________ .

(a) alternate organic farming (b) integrated organic farming

48. Which of the following statements about inter specific competition are true?

(i) It is a competition between same species for same resources in an ecosystem (ii) It alters populations, communities and the evolution of interacting species

(iii) The competition between leopards and lions for the same feed or prey is an example of interspecific competition

(iv) It is a competition between same species for space

(a) (i) and (ii) are true (b) (ii) and (iii) are true (c) (iii) and (iv) are true (d) (i) and (iv) are true 49. What measures should be taken to save endangered species?

(i) Safe-guarding the natural habitat of species (ii) Eco-friendly resources should be allowed for use

(iii) Domestication of endangered species in protected areas and then introducing to their natural resources

(iv) Man should be educated about the importance and protection of wild life

(a) Only (i) (b) (iii) and (iv)

51. Which of the following adaptations help the animal to escape easily from its enemy?

(a) Fossorial (b) Cursorial (c) Arboreal (d) Desert 52. Volant adaptation means ____________ .

(a) Adaptation for digging (b) Adaptation for running (c) Adaptation for climbing (d) Adaptation for flying

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53. Lichen is an example of ____________ .

(a) mutualism (b) commensalism (c) parasitism (d) competition 54. Which of the following competitions has the potential to alter populations?

(a) Intraspecific competition (b) Interspecific competition (c) Interference competition (d) Exploitation competition 55. Mutualism means ____________ .

(a) eating the other (b) taking help (c) helping each other (d) harming the other 56. The orchid growing as epiphyte on tree is a good example of ____________ .

(a) commensalism (b) mutualism (c) parasitism (d) predation 57. The Greek word ‘parasite’ means ____________ .

(a) sharing of food (b) one who eats at the table of other (c) one who shares the table (d) sharing of habitat

58. A mutually beneficial association which is necessary for the survival of both the partners is called ____________ .

(a) symbiosis (b) commensalism (c) parasitism (d) mutualism 59. A parasite living in the tissues of a host is ____________ .

(a) ectophyte (b) endophyte (c) epiphyte (d) none of these 60. In which of the following associations, one of the species gets benefit and the other is unaffected?

(a) Commensalism (b) Mutualism (c) Symbiosis (d) Parasitism 61. Food derived by killing organism is known as ____________ .

(a) commensalism (b) symbiosis (c) parasitism (d) predation 62. Mycorrhiza show ____________ .

(a) amensalism (b) parasitism (c) commensalism (d) mutualism 63. Lichen is an association of ____________ .

(a) alga and alga (b) alga and fungus

(c) alga and roots of higher plants (d) fungus and fungus 64. Relationship between sea anemone and hermit crab is called ____________ .

(a) symbiosis (b) mutualism (c) commensalism (d) none of them 65. Individuals of one species occupying a particular geographic area at a given time form

____________ .

(a) community (b) population (c) species (d) biome 66. Scientific study of human population is called ____________ .

(a) ecology (b) biology (c) biogeography (d) demography

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67. Growth of a population of area depends upon ____________ .

(a) natality (b) immigration

(a) emigration (b) environmental resistance

69. If natality and mortality of a population are nearly same, it will be termed as ____________ . (a) declining population (b) expanding population

70. Rate of production of new individuals per 1,000 per year is ____________ .

(a) natality rate (b) mortality rate (c) growth rate (d) density rate 71. Which of the following is a protective device?

(a) commensalism (b) Mutualism (c) Camouflage (d) Competition

72. A direct food relation between two species of animals in which one animal kills and feeds on another is referred to as ____________ .

(a) scavenging (b) predation (c) parasitism (d) symbiosis 73. In the year 1984, the Bhopal gas tragedy was caused by the leakage of ____________ .

(a) CO (b) SO₂ (c) NO₂ (d) Methyl isocyanate

74. Which of the following will not be found in polluted waste?

(a) Blue green algae (b) Larvae of stone fly (c) Water hyacinth (d) Sewage fungi 75. Major cause of air pollution in big cities is due to ____________ .

(a) domestic exhaust (b) burning of fossil fuel (c) thermal power plants (d) suspended particles 76. Smog is a combination of

(a) fire and water (b) smoke and fog (c) water and smoke (d) air and water 77. Red Data Book deals with ____________ .

(a) endemic plant (b) plants that are extinct

(c) animals on verge of extinction (d) plants showing photoperiodism 78. Now a days, biological reserves are commonly destroyed by ____________ .

(a) pollution (b) population (c) rains (d) none of these 79. Animals and plants are best protected in ____________ .

(a) zoos (b) botanical gardens (c) sanctuaries (d) national parks 80. Which animal is the symbol of World Wildlife Fund?

(a) Tiger (b) Red panda (c) Horn bill (d) White bear

ANDHERI / BORIVALI / DADAR / CHEMBUR / THANE / MULUND/ NERUL / POWAI

TOPIC: ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT - II (ANSWER KEY)

1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (d)

6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (d)

11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (c)

16. (a) 17. (c) 18. (b) 19. (c) 20. (a)

21. (a) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. (b) 25. (d)

26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (a) 29. (a) 30. (d)

31. (b) 32. (d) 33. (a) 34. (b) 35. (a)

36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (c)

41. (d) 42. (d) 43. (c) 44. (d) 45. (d)

46. (a) 47. (b) 48. (b) 49. (c) 50. (b)

51. (b) 52. (d) 53. (a) 54. (b) 55. (c)

56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (d) 59. (b) 60. (a)

61. (d) 62. (d) 63. (b) 64. (c) 65. (b)

66. (d) 67. (d) 68. (d) 69. (c) 70. (a)

71. (c) 72. (b) 73. (d) 74. (b) 75. (b)

76. (b) 77. (c) 78. (a) 79. (d) 80. (b)

In document Bio XII Botany (Page 191-200)

CHAPTER : ORGANISMS AND ENVIRONMENT - II