STUDY PROGRAM 2014/2015

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The University of Pécs

Medical School

Medical Biotechnology

Major

STUDY PROGRAM

2014/2015

Course

Descriptions

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1 semester

OMA001 _______ Biochemistry ________________________________________________________________________ 4 OMA002 _______ Introduction to Molecular and Cell Biology ________________________________________________ 8 OMA003 _______ Human Physiology ___________________________________________________________________ 12 OMA004 _______ Genetics ___________________________________________________________________________ 18 OMA005 _______ Biophysics _________________________________________________________________________ 23 OMA010 _______ Ethics in Biotechnology _______________________________________________________________ 26 OMD002 _______ Application of Biomarkers in Public Health _______________________________________________ 28 OMD063 _______ Informatics of Medical Literature _______________________________________________________ 30 OMD064 _______ Student Project Research ______________________________________________________________ 31 OMD067 _______ Physiology of the Adaptation Limits of the Human Body _____________________________________ 32

2nd semester

OMA011 _______ Nucleic Acid Manipulation and Vector Design _____________________________________________ 34 OMA012 _______ Proteins and protein networks __________________________________________________________ 36 OMA013 _______ Signal transduction ___________________________________________________________________ 38 OMA014 _______ Immunology ________________________________________________________________________ 41 OMA015 _______ Microbiology _______________________________________________________________________ 43 OMA017 _______ Molecular Pathology _________________________________________________________________ 45 OMA018 _______ Developmental Biology _______________________________________________________________ 47 OMA019 _______ In Vivo Test Systems and Transgenic Animals _____________________________________________ 49 OMA020 _______ Tissue Culture Techniques _____________________________________________________________ 51 OMD039 _______ Basics of Medical Equipments __________________________________________________________ 53 OMD046 _______ From the Library to Writing Thesis ______________________________________________________ 54 OMD054 _______ Methods in molecular cell biology _______________________________________________________ 55 OMD060 _______ Flow Cytometry (FC) in Modern Medical Diagnostics and Research ____________________________ 57 OMD064 _______ Student Project Research ______________________________________________________________ 58

3rd semester

OMB001 _______ Molecular and Functional Genetics, Genomics _____________________________________________ 59 OMB002 _______ Molecular Basis of Pathogenesis and Diseases and Diagnostics ________________________________ 61 OMB003 _______ Molecular Targeting __________________________________________________________________ 63 OMB004 _______ Molecular Toxicology ________________________________________________________________ 65 OMB005 _______ Pharmacological Testing Using in vitro Human and in vivo Animal Systems _____________________ 67 OMB006 _______ Drug Research and Development ________________________________________________________ 70 OMB007 _______ Pharmacology for Biotechnology Students (Pharmacological Testing Using in vitro and in vivo Systems)72 OMB008 _______ Molecular Toxicology ________________________________________________________________ 75 OMC001 _______ Molecular Development _______________________________________________________________ 78 OMC002 _______ Transdifferentiation __________________________________________________________________ 81 OMC003 _______ Biological Therapies _________________________________________________________________ 83 OMC004 _______ Three Dimensional Tissue Culture Techniques _____________________________________________ 86 OMD001 _______ Biotechnological Methods in Forensic Medicine ___________________________________________ 89 OMD006 _______ Enzime Biotechnology ________________________________________________________________ 91 OMD008 _______ Introduction to Gerontology ____________________________________________________________ 93 OMD009 _______ Molecular Gerontology _______________________________________________________________ 95 OMD016 _______ Immunpathology 1 ___________________________________________________________________ 97 OMD023 _______ Biophysical Background and Clinical Application of Isotopdiagnostic and Radiotherapeutic Methods _ 99 OMD036 _______ Biotechnology from a Business Perspective ______________________________________________ 101 OMD037 _______ Molecular Diagnostics _______________________________________________________________ 103 OMD040 _______ Molecular Therapies _________________________________________________________________ 104 OMD041 _______ Protein Biotechnology _______________________________________________________________ 105 OMD049 _______ Basics of Phytotherapy _______________________________________________________________ 107 OMD050 _______ Applied Experimental Pharmacology ___________________________________________________ 108 OMD051 _______ Experimental Immuno-Inflammation Pharmacology _______________________________________ 110 OMD056 _______ Environmental Genotoxicology and Ecotoxicology ________________________________________ 112 OMD059 _______ Emergency Medicine ________________________________________________________________ 114

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OMD061 _______ Genetically Modified Organisms and Our Health __________________________________________ 115 OMD062 _______ Molecular Medicine _________________________________________________________________ 117 OMD068 _______ Evolutionary Immunobiology _________________________________________________________ 118

4th semester

OMD017 _______ Immunpathology 2 __________________________________________________________________ 119 OMD052 _______ Managing Successful EU Projects ______________________________________________________ 121 OMD057 _______ The Antimicrobial Drugs and their Clinical Use ___________________________________________ 123 OMD058 _______ Causes of Expansion and Preventive Methods in Infectious Diseases __________________________ 125 OMD066 _______ Prevention of Dual Use of Biotechnology ________________________________________________ 127 OMD069 _______ Infections and Immunity _____________________________________________________________ 128

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OMA001 B

IOCHEMISTRY

Course director: DR.KRISZTINA KOVÁCS, assistant professor

Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry

4 credit ▪ exam + progress grade ▪ Basic module ▪ autumn semester ▪ recommended semester: 1

Number of hours/semester: 28 lectures + 28 practices + 0 seminars = total of 56 hours Course headcount limitations (min-max.): min.1 –

Prerequisites: none Topic

The subject covers the principles of chemical/biochemical processes occurring in living organisms. It deals with the fundamental metabolic processes and with the function, structure and regulation of the enzymes, transporters and other proteins which participate in the abovementioned processes. The subject uncovers the physical, chemical, thermodynamical and reaction-kinetical laws and rules of the essential metabolic processes and describes the structural characteristics of participating small molecules. It gives a deeper view into the fundamentals of structure-function relationships of small- and macromolecules, especially focusing on the structure, function and regulation of the molecules that are involved in the storage and transmission of genetic information, and dealing with basic molecular biology techniques. Furthermore, the regulation mechanisms of metabolic, hormonal and signal transduction pathways on the levels of the cell as well as of the organism are covered. The special biochemical characteristics of the different organs are also discussed.

Conditions for acceptance of the semester

It is mandatory to attend the lectures and laboratory practices.

Requirements of the acceptance of Biochemistry 1 course are the following: - No more than three absences from the laboratory practices

- One oral presentation from a chosen (biochemical themed) theme.

Making up for missed classes

Permission should be asked from the course director to do the practice with an other group. Permission will be given maximum 2 times.

Reading material

Nelson - Cox: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, 5th_{edition, W.H. Freeman, 2008} Berg - Tymoczko - Stryer: Biochemistry, 6th_{edition, W.H. Freeman, 2007}

Devlin: Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations, 6th_{edition, Wiley-Liss, 2006}

Lectures

1 Biochemistry and its role in life science research Dr. Sümegi Balázs

2 Structure and function of proteins and peptides Dr. Berente Zoltán

3 Protein folding and the role of the chaperones Dr. Berente Zoltán

4 Hemoglobin, oxygen transport Dr. Kovács Krisztina

5 Basics of enzymatic catalysis Dr. Berente Zoltán

6 Regulation of enzymes, isoenzymes Dr. Bognár Zita

7 Proteins of the immune system Dr. Kovács Krisztina

8 Glycolysis Dr. Kovács Krisztina 9 Regulation of glycolysis

Dr. Bognár Zita

10 Metabolic pathways linked to glycolysis Dr. Kovács Krisztina

11 Characterization of lipids and biological membranes Dr. Bognár Zita

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5 12 Fatty acid oxidation

Dr. Bognár Zita 13 Reactions of TCA cycle

Dr. Sümegi Balázs 14 Regulation of TCA cycle

Dr. Sümegi Balázs

15 Respiratory chain and its inhibition Dr. Bognár Zita

16 ATP synthesis

Dr. Bognár Zita

17 Mitochondrial transport processes Dr. Bognár Zita

18 Reactive Oxygen Species Dr. Sümegi Balázs 19 Pentose phosphate pathway

Dr. Kovács Krisztina

20 Gluconeogenesis in animal cell Dr. Kovács Krisztina

21 Reciprocal regulation of gycolysis and gluconeogenesis Dr. Kovács Krisztina

22 Glycogen synthesis and degradation Dr. Gallyas Ferenc

23 Regulation of glycogen synthesis and degradation Dr. Gallyas Ferenc

24 Fatty acid synthesis Dr. Gallyas Ferenc

25 Synthesis of cholesterol and ketone bodies Dr. Bognár Zita

26 Amino acid metabolism Dr. Bognár Zita

27 Synthesis of non-essential amino acids, biologically active molecules Dr. Kovács Krisztina

28 Synthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides Dr. Kovács Krisztina

Practices

1 Basic biochemical methods 2 Basic biochemical methods 3 Working with proteins 4 Working with proteins

5 Enzyme kinetics, enzyme inhibitions 6 Enzyme kinetics, enzyme inhibitions 7 SH Enzymes, the optical test of Warburg 8 SH Enzymes, the optical test of Warburg 9 Determination of protein content 10 Determination of protein content

11 Inorganic phosphate demand of glycolysis 12 Inorganic phosphate demand of glycolysis

13 Regulation and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism 14 Regulation and disorders of carbohydrate metabolism

15 Hormones I 16 Hormones II 17 Vitamins I 18 Vitamins II 19 Enzyme inhibitions 20 Enzyme inhibitions 21 Consultation, oral presentations

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22 Consultation, oral presentations

23 Western Blot

24 Western Blot

25 Cell excavation, subcellular fractionation 26 Cell excavation, subcellular fractionation 27 Practice- oral exam

28 Practice- oral exam

Seminars

Exam topics/questions

The exams start with a written MRT questions- failure to answer more than four of the 10 questions will automatically result in ‘failed’ grade.

Following the passed MRT part comes the oral exam. List of the exam questions:

1. Structure and function of proteins and peptides 2. Hemoglobin and oxygen transport

3. Enzymatic catalysis, regulation of enzymes 4. Reactions of glycolysis

5. Regulation of glycolysis

6. Metabolic pathways linked to glycolysis 7. Fatty acid oxidation

8. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex 9. Reactions of TCA cycle

10. Regulation of TCA cycle

11. Respiratory chain and ATP synthesis 12. Mitochondrial transport processes 13. Pentose phosphate pathway 14. Glucogeogenesis in animal cell 15. Glycogen synthesis and degradation

16. Reciprocal regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis 17. Regulation of glycogen synthesis and degradation 18. Fatty acid synthesis

19. Synthesis of cholesterol and ketone bodies 20. Amino acid metabolism- fate of the amino group 21. Urea cycle

22. Synthesis of biologically active molecules from amino acids 23. Synthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides 24. DNA replication

25. RNA replication 26. Protein synthesis

27. Posttranslational modification of proteins 28. Protein targeting and transport

29. Regulation of gene expression

30. Mitochondrial genome and mitochondrial protein synthesis 31. Cell signalling- RTKs

32. Cell signalling- G proteins 33. Hormones- proteins 34. Hormones- amines 35. Hormones- steroids

36. Proteins of the immune system 37. Iron metabolism

38. Digestion- macro and micronutrients 39. Biochemistry of senses

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Participants

Dr. Berente Zoltán (BEZLAAP.PTE), Dr. Bognár Zita (BOZFACO.PTE), Dr. Gallyas Ferenc (GAFNAAO.PTE), Dr. Jakus Péter (JAPAAA.T.JPTE), Dr. Kovács Krisztina (KOKFACO.PTE), Dr. Tapodi Antal (TAAAAB.T.JPTE), Dr. Veres Balázs (VEBAAB.T.JPTE)

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OMA002 I

NTRODUCTION TO

M

OLECULAR AND

C

ELL

B

IOLOGY

Course director: DR.MARIANNA PAP, associate professor

Department of Medical Biology

To provide molecular and cellular biological basic knowledge for future biotechnological studies.

The course covers cellular and molecular characteristics of the structure and functions of the cell. Main topics: functional morphology of eukaryotic cells; mechanisms of cell cycle, replication, DNA repair, transcription, translation, gene regulation and vesicular transport. We will discuss the general structure and function of the cytoskeleton, mitochondria, cell membrane and extracellular matrix components.

If >10 hours seminars/practicals are missed, the gradebook will not be signed

Making up for missed classes Reading material

Cooper G.M.: The Cell. A Molecular Approach Karp G.: Cell Biology

Lodish et al.: Molecular Cell Biology Alberts et al.: Molecular Biology of the Cell

Lectures

1 The functional morphology of the cell Dr. Pap Marianna

2 The structure and composition of chromatin Dr. Pap Marianna

3 The cell cycle Dr. Pap Marianna 4 DNA replication Dr. Pap Marianna 5 DNA repair Dr. Pap Marianna 6 Transcription Dr. Pap Marianna 7 RNA processing Dr. Pap Marianna 8 Translation Dr. Pap Marianna 9 Gene regulation Dr. Pap Marianna 10 Vesicular transport Dr. Pap Marianna 11 Cell defense pathway

Dr. Pap Marianna

12 The cytoskeleton

Dr. Pap Marianna 13 Mitochondria

Dr. Pap Marianna

14 The cell membrane and the extracellular matrix Dr. Pap Marianna

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Practices

8 Light microscopy

9 Confocal microscopy (demonstration)

11 Separation techniques - centrifugation/chromatography 12 Separation techniques - centrifugation/chromatography 13 Histochemistry of macromolecules

17 Isolation of DNA 18 Isolation of DNA

22 Plasmid isolation, restriction analysis, electrophoresis 23 Plasmid isolation, restriction analysis, electrophoresis 24 Plasmid isolation, restriction analysis, electrophoresis 28 Protein electrophoresis and Western blotting 29 Protein electrophoresis and Western blotting 30 Protein electrophoresis and Western blotting 32 Isolation of RNA, electrophoresis

33 Isolation of RNA, electrophoresis 34 Immunocytochemistry 35 Immunocytochemistry 36 Immunocytochemistry Seminars 1 Orientation session 2 Microscopes 3 Separation methods

4 Structure of the nucleus. Pathology of the nucleus 5 Chromatin

6 Eukaryotic genome organisation 7 The cell cycle

10 Cell division

14 DNA replication

15 DNA repair

16 Transcription

19 RNA processing

20 Electron microscopy (demonstration) 21 Electron microscopy (demonstration)

25 Midterm test

26 Translation

27 Gene regulation

31 Vesicular transport 37 Cell defense pathway

38 The cytoskeleton

39 Mitochondria. The cell membrane and the extracellular matrix 40 Pre-exam discussion

41 Semester test

42 Semester test

Theoretical examination questions 1. Proteins

2. Lipids 3. Carbohydrates

4. Nucleosides, nucleotides 5. The structure of DNA

6. The structure and classes of RNA 7. Comparison of pro- and eukaryotic cells 8. The structure of cell nucleus

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10. Unique and repetitive sequences 11. The chemical composition of chromatin 12. The phases of cell cycle

13. The regulation of cell cycle 14. Mitosis

15. General features of replication

16. The mechanism of replication in prokaryotes 17. Eukaryotic replication

18. DNA repair

19. The mechanism of prokaryotic transcription 20. General features of eukaryotic transcription 21. Synthesis and processing of eukaryotic pre-rRNA

22. Synthesis of pre-mRNA in eukaryotes. Cap formation and polyadenylation 23. Pre-mRNA splicing

24. Synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA

25. The structure and function of ribosomes 26. The genetic code

27. Steps of translation

28. General features of translation 29. The lactose operon

30. The tryptophan operon

31. Levels of regulation of eukaryotic gene expression 32. Eukaryotic transcription factors

33. The mechanism of action of steroid hormones 34. Rough endoplasmic reticulum

35. Golgi complex. Protein glycosylation 36. The mechanism of secretion 37. Endocytosis

38. The mechanism of vesicular transport 39. Lysosomes. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

40. Oxygen free radicals. Membrane damage. Lipid peroxidation 41. The structure and function of mitochondria

42. The genetic apparatus of mitochondria 43. Mitochondrial diseases

44. Microtubules 45. Microfilaments 46. Intermediate filaments 47. The cell membrane 48. Cell junctions

49. Passive and active transport 50. The extracellular matrix

Laboratory examination questions

1. Structure and operation of the light microscope 2. Structure and operation of the electron microscope

3. Sample preparation and contrasting methods for light- and electron microscopy 4. Radioactive isotopes in molecular cell biology

5. Phase-contrast microscope 6. Polarisation microscope 7. Confocal microscope

8. Homogenisation, cell fractionation

9. Hypopicnic and isopicnic gradient centrifugation 10. Gel filtration

11. Ion exchange and affinity chromatography 12. Protein electrophoresis

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11 13. Nucleic acid electrophoresis

14. Isolation of mammalian DNA 15. Isolation of mammalian RNA 16. Plasmids, plasmid isolation 17. Histochemistry of nucleic acids 18. Histochemistry of the cytoplasm

19. Enzyme histochemistry and immunohistochemistry 20. Identification of different stages of mitosis

21. Analysis of light microscopic autoradiographic preparation 22. Operation of the polarising microscope

23. Centring adjustment and operation of the phase-contrast microscope 24. Separation of starch and Cl- by gel filtration - analysis of the diagram 25. Analysis of histochemistric preparations - nucleic acids

26. Analysis of histochemistric preparations - cytoplasm

27. Analysis of agarose gels after plasmid electrophoresis and restriction mapping 28. Operation of the photometer - determination of DNA, RNA and protein concentration 29. Analysis of protein gels and Western blots

30. Identification of nuclear components on electron microscopic pictures 31. Identification of cytoplasmic organelles on electron microscopic pictures 32. Observations of immunohistochemichal preparations

Participants

Dr. Ábrahám Hajnalka Gabriella (ABHMAAO.PTE), Dr. Berta Gergely (BEGFADO.PTE), Dr. Pap Marianna (PAMFAAO.PTE), Kiss Katalin (KIKFABO.PTE), Németh Mária (NEMGAAT.PTE), Varga Judit (VAJGACT.PTE)

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OMA003 H

UMAN

P

HYSIOLOGY

Course director: DR.ZOLTÁN KARÁDI, professor

Department of Physiology

Number of hours/semester: 28 lectures + 28 practices + 0 seminars = total of 56 hours Course headcount limitations (min-max.): min.2 – max. 20

The goal of the course is to disclose human physiological processes to the students. By means of the knowledge of complex human physiological processes the biotechnology students will also learn the interconnections and mutual influences of physiological systems and they will utilize their knowledge in planning and executing related animal model experiments and pharmaceutical tests.

According to the Bylaws of the University of Pécs, Medical School (Code of Studies and Examinations), students are required to attend the lectures and practical classes. Students are required to perform the prescribed practical exercises and to keep a record of them. Missed classes must be made up.

Students are required to give account of their theoretical and practical knowledge during the semester. Exams can be taken only after fulfilling the above prerequisites.

The result of the exam will be based on the combined results of the mid-term tests and the exam performance.

The missed lab practice must be covered by joining another group while the same topic is on schedule.

Reading material

W.F. Ganong: Review of Medical Physiology, Appleton and Lange, Lange Medical Publications, 2012 A.C. Guyton: Textbook of Medical Physiology, W.B. Saunders Company, 2010

L.S. Costanzo: Physiology, 5th_{edition, Elsevier, Saunders, 2014}

J.B. West (ed.): Best and Taylor’s Physiological Basis of Medical Practice, Williams and Wilkins, 1990-1998 Fonyó: Principles of Medical Physiology, Medicina Kiadó, 2002

Physiology exercises

Laboratory exercises in physiology 1st_semester

Lectures

1 Concept of homeostasis. Body fluid compartments and blood components.

Dr. Karádi Zoltán

2 Functions of cellular elements. Blood clotting. Blood groups. Dr. Környei József László

3 Characteristics of the circulation in the human body. Dr. Környei József László

4 Heart physiology: pacemaker activity, conductive system, electrical activity. Dr. Környei József László

5 Control of circulation. Dr. Környei József László

6 Respiration. Interaction between circulation and respiration. Dr. Lénárd László I

7 Structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract: digestion and absorption. Dr. Környei József László

8 Hormonal regulation of the gastrointestinal tract. Dr. Környei József László

9 Kidney circulation, glomerular filtration, clearance. Dr. Hartmann Géza

10 Kidney: tubular transport mechanisms. Volume, osmotic and pH regulation. Dr. Hartmann Géza

11 Energy balance, metabolic rate and heat regulation. Dr. Környei József László

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12 Mechanism of hormone action. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal control of hormonal secretion. Dr. Lengyel Ferenc

13 Structure, function and hormonal control of reproductive organs. Dr. Lengyel Ferenc

14 Hormonal regulation of carbohydrate and intermediary metabolism. Dr. Lengyel Ferenc

15 Endocrinology of stress and adaptation. Dr. Lengyel Ferenc

16 Endocrinology of thyroid gland. Regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Dr. Környei József László

17 General properties of neurons and their functions. Dr. Jandó Gábor

18 Interaction and communication between neurons. Neuronal networks. Dr. Jandó Gábor

19 Proprioception, somatosensory mechanisms, pain and temperature sensation. Dr. Buzás Péter

20 Physiology of muscles. Spinal cord reflexes and locomotion. Dr. Hartmann Géza

21 Coordination of body movements and balance. Extrapyramidal, cerebellar and cortical control of motion. Dr. Lénárd László I

22 Structure of the eye, primary sensory processes in the retina and visual information processing. Dr. Buzás Péter

23 Hearing.

Dr. Buzásné Dr. Telkes Ildikó 24 Taste and smell.

Dr. Buzásné Dr. Telkes Ildikó

25 Autonomic nervous system. Electrical activity of the brain, EEG. Sleep-wakefullness. Dr. Lénárd László I

26 Plasticity and regeneration in the nervous system. Learning and memory. Dr. Gálosi Rita

27 Control of emotion and mood. Drive and motivation.

Dr. Karádi Zoltán

28 Cerebral dominance. Speech and higher order cortical functions. Dr. Gálosi Rita

Practices

1 1. Blood. Red blood cell and differential leukocyte count, blood groups, osmotic resistance of red blood cells. 2 1. Blood. Red blood cell and differential leukocyte count, blood groups, osmotic resistance of red blood cells. 3 2. Heart. In situ and isolated frog’s heart. Stannius ligatures. Cardiac cycle. Extrasystole.

4 2. Heart. In situ and isolated frog’s heart. Stannius ligatures. Cardiac cycle. Extrasystole. 5 3. Electrocardiography and phonocardiography.

6 3. Electrocardiography and phonocardiography.

7 4. Circulation. Arterial blood pressure and pulse. Microcirculation. Effects of adrenaline and acetylcholine. 8 4. Circulation. Arterial blood pressure and pulse. Microcirculation. Effects of adrenaline and acetylcholine. 9 5. Respiration Spirometry: lung volumes, capacities and dynamic parameters. Compliance.

10 5. Respiration Spirometry: lung volumes, capacities and dynamic parameters. Compliance. 11 6. Measurement of metabolic rate. Basal and actual metabolic rate.

12 6. Measurement of metabolic rate. Basal and actual metabolic rate.

13 7. Reproductive physiology: Estrous cycle, menstrual cycle. Pregnancy tests. 14 7. Mid-term student report.

15 8. Carbohydrate metabolism: detection of blood glucose, glucose tolerance test, diabetes mellitus. 16 8. Carbohydrate metabolism: detection of blood glucose, glucose tolerance test, diabetes mellitus.

17 9. Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve. Electrotonic potentials, action potentials. Cathode make and anode break excitations.

18 9. Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve. Electrotonic potentials, action potentials. Cathode make and anode break excitations.

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19 10. Compound and single fiber action potential, conduction velocity, chronaxy and rheobase. 20 10. Compound and single fiber action potential, conduction velocity, chronaxy and rheobase.

21 11. Muscle physiology: Summation, superposition, incomplete and complete tetanus. Fatigue. Electromyography. 22 11. Muscle physiology: Summation, superposition, incomplete and complete tetanus. Fatigue. Electromyography. 23 12. Central nervous system physiology I.: Reflexes. Stereotaxic technique.

24 12. Central nervous system physiology I.: Reflexes. Stereotaxic technique. 25 13. Central nervous system physiology II.: Sensory systems.

26 13. Central nervous system physiology II.: Sensory systems.

27 14. Central nervous system physiology III.: Electroencephalography, evoked potential, sleep. 28 14. Central nervous system physiology III.: Electroencephalography, evoked potential, sleep.

Seminars

1. Describe the body fluid compartments and explain the methods used for measurement of body fluid volumes

2. Describe the major plasma proteins and the other non-electrolytic constituents of blood and explain their function in the body 3. Describe the intra- and extracellular ionic components and explain their physiological functions

4. The structure, function and origin of erythrocytes

5. Characterize the various leukocytes indicating their origins and functions 6. Origin and function of blood platelets

7. The basic structure and metabolism of haemoglobin and the metabolism of iron 8. Describe the two pathways involved in the initiation of blood coagulation 9. Specific mechanism of clot formation

10. Describe the mechanism of fibrinolysis. Explain the significance of anticlotting mechanism 11. Regulation of H+ ion concentration in the blood

12. A-B-0 blood groups. The Rh blood types 13. The role of leukocytes in the defence mechanism

14. Mechanical activity of the heart and the three-component model of heart muscle. Calcium ion movements within the cardiac muscle cell

15. Generators and conductors of impulses in the heart. Refractory periods 16. The sequence of events in the cardiac cycle

17. The human electrocardiogram (ECG). Electrocardiography: bipolar and unipolar leads 18. The heart sounds. Phonocardiography (PCG)

19. Cardiac output: measurement, normal standards and physiological variations 20. Metabolism and energetics of cardiac muscle

21. Ventricular wall tension and the Laplace relationship 22. The heart-lung preparation (Starling’s laws)

23. Arterial blood pressure: determinants of normal arterial blood pressure 24. The arterial and the venous pulse. Basic principles of hemodynamics. 25. Circulation through the capillaries

26. The properties, production and the movement of lymph 27. Circulation in the vein. Effect of gravity on circulation 28. The pulmonary circulation. Control of lung vessels 29. The coronary circulation

30. Cerebral circulation. The concept of blood-brain barrier 31. Splanchnic circulation

32. Skeletal muscle circulation. Cutaneous circulation 33. Nervous control of the heart

34. Control mechanisms of the circulatory system: general considerations 35. Local control of the vascular smooth muscle

36. Autoregulation of blood flow in tissues and organs

37. The function and importance of baroreceptors in the regulation of circulation 38. Reflex control mechanisms of circulation

39. Mechanisms of vasoconstriction and vasodilatation

40. Mechanics of respiration (functions of respiratory muscles, compliance, intrathoracic pressures, respiratory volumes) 41. Alveolar air, alveolar ventilation, dead spaces. Function of the respiratory passageways

42. Gaseous exchange in the lungs and tissues 43. O2 and CO2 transport in the body

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44. Peripheral and central regulatory mechanisms of respiration. Respiratory reflexes 45. Chemical control of respiration. Acidosis, alkalosis

46. Different types of hypoxia. Oxygen treatment. Mechanisms of acclimatisation. Nitrogen narcosis. Decompression sickness 47. Describe the origin, composition, function and control of salivary secretion

48. Describe the origin, nature and function of gastric secretion indicating the mechanisms of regulation 49. Mechanism and regulation of gastrointestinal movements

50. Identify the pancreatic secretions, their components, their action and the substrates on which they act. Control mechanism of pancreatic secretion

51. Describe the basic ingredients and functions of the bile indicating the origin and fate of the components and the factors controlling bile secretions and gall bladder functions

52. Identify the components and functions of the intestinal system

53. Describe how carbohydrate is digested and absorbed indicating the enzymes involved 54. Describe how fat is digested and absorbed indicating the enzymes and secretions involved 55. Describe how protein is digested and absorbed indicating the enzymes and secretions involved 56. Dynamics of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration rate. Plasma clearance

57. Renal blood flow. Clearance of PAH. Extraction ratio. Filtration fraction 58. Regulation of renal blood flow and pressure. Renin-angiotensin system

59. Reabsorption and secretion of different substances in the renal tubule. Methods for their investigation 60. Concentrating and diluting mechanisms of the kidney

61. Fluid volume regulation of the body

62. Regulation of concentrations of ions in the extracellular fluid. Regulation of osmolality of body fluids 63. Basal metabolic rate. Describe factors influencing the basal metabolism

64. Define metabolic rate explaining those factors influencing the total expenditure of energy by the body 65. Describe the necessary elements of normal diet

66. The normal body temperature and its physiological variations. Hyperthermia, fever, hypothermia

67. Chemical regulation of body temperature, changes of regulation at low and high environmental temperature 68. Physical regulation of body temperature, changes of regulation at low and high environmental temperature 69. Central regulatory mechanisms of heat production and heat loss

70. Mechanisms of hormone action (receptors, intracellular mediators, cAMP, Ca2+ and diacylglycerol, protein kinases) 71. Mechanism of hormonal regulation. Negative and positive feedback controls in the endocrine system

72. The anterior pituitary hormones. Regulation of pituitary hormone secretions. Pituitary dysfunction 73. Function of growth hormone during development and after adolescence

74. Abnormalities of thyroid secretion. Goitrogens

75. Function of the thyroid gland. Iodine metabolism in the body 76. Hormonal changes during menstrual cycle

77. Hormonal changes during pregnancy. Role of placenta in pregnancy. Foeto-placental unit 78. Hormones of lactation

79. Mechanism of erection and ejaculation. The sexual act (coitus) 80. The function of testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle and prostate 81. Regulation of the sexual behaviour. Maternal behaviour 82. Physiological changes at puberty and climacteric

83. Vasopressin and oxytocin. Function of ANH (atrionatriuretic hormone) 84. The effects of prostaglandins

85. The endocrine pancreas

86. Function of insulin in the body. Diabetes mellitus 87. Hormonal control of carbohydrate metabolism

88. Hormonal control of calcium and phosphor homeostasis

89. Hormonal function of the adrenocortical system. Hypophyseal regulation of the adrenocortical system. Stress and the adaptation syndrome

90. Function and regulation of mineralocorticoids 91. Function and regulation of glucocorticoids

92. Consequences of hypo- and hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex. Androgens and oestrogens of the adrenal cortex. 93. Hormones of the adrenal medulla. Importance of the sympathoadrenal system

94. Physiology of ontogenesis and ageing.

95. Molecular mechanism of muscle contraction. The regulatory role of calcium ion

96. Mechanical characteristics of muscle. Differentiation of fast and slow twitch muscle fibres. Role of the connective tissue in the function of muscles

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97. Mechanism of fatigue 98. Electromyography (EMG)

99. The source of energy for muscle contraction (aerobe and anaerobe processes). Heat production during contraction-relaxation cycle 100. The neuromuscular junction

101. Structural and functional differences between skeletal and smooth muscles. Mechanism of smooth muscle contraction 102. Membrane potential and action potential: explain their ionic mechanisms. Membrane properties of CNS neurons 103. The compound action potential. Conductive properties of various nerve fibres

104. Neurochemistry of synapses, neurotransmitters, postsynaptic receptors and neuromodulators. EPSP, IPSP 105. The myotatic (stretch) reflex. Gamma motoneurons

106. The motor units. Central control of muscle contractions 107. Types of mechanoreceptors and their role in motor control

108. How do cutaneous mechanoreceptors help to explore, learn and know our environment? 109. Somatosensory mechanisms of spinal cord and brain stem

110. Pain mechanisms, central and peripheral components

111. Descendent control (gating) of nociception and of pain reactions

112. Organisation of primary somatosensory cortex, thalamocortical projection and somatotopy 113. The human electroencephalogram (EEG). Evoked potential (EP) technique

114. Neural mechanisms of sleep and correlated somatic, autonomic and bioelectrical phenomena. The role of reticular formation in the sleep-wakefulness cycle

115. The diencephalon (hypothalamus), its motor, autonomic and hormonal regulatory function 116. Hunger and thirst. Central regulatory processes of food and water intake

117. Central mechanisms of locomotion

118. Decerebration rigidity and spinal shock (symptoms and mechanisms)

119. Postural and righting reflexes, their central mechanisms and localisation within the spinal cord, brain stem and neocortex 120. Structure and function of the extrapyramidal system

121. Symptoms after damages of different extrapyramidal structures. Role of neurotransmitters in the extrapyramidal functions 122. Importance of the cerebellum in co-ordination of movements

123. Cerebellar cortical mechanisms

124. Structure and function of the vestibular system

125. Functions of the autonomic nervous system. Autonomic reflexes

126. Humoral mediators in the autonomic nervous system. Adrenergic, cholinergic and opioid receptors 127. Structures, connections and functions of the limbic system

128. Functions of the motor cortex. Symptoms following its damage

129. Corticospinal (pyramidal) system. Consequences of lesions of the pyramidal pathways and the peripheral motoneuron 130. The concept of drive and motivation. Their integrated neural mechanisms. Reticular activating system

131. Emotions and their central nervous mechanisms

132. The phenomena of operant (instrumental) and classical (Pavlovian) conditioning. Mechanism of reinforcement

133. Electrical and chemical self-stimulation. Rewarding (positive) and punishing (negative) reinforcement. Simple learning processes. Exceptional forms of conditioning

134. Types and disorders of memory functions

135. Cerebral dominance. Lateralisation of functions in the hemispheres. Split-brain examinations

136. Functions of the parietal and temporal association (intrinsic) areas of the neocortex. Symptoms after damages (apraxia, agnosia) 137. Neurophysiological mechanisms of speech. Speech disorders

138. Functions of the frontal lobe (prefrontal intrinsic area) 139. Functions of the temporal lobe (Kluver-Bucy syndrome) 140. Central monoaminergic systems and their functional significance 141. Peripheral auditory mechanisms (conductive apparatus and cochlea) 142. Central auditory pathways, acoustic cortex and related mechanisms 143. Physiological optics

144. The retina. Photoreceptors and neuronal functions in the retina 145. Central visual pathways, the visual cortex and their functions 146. Colour vision. Stereoscopic vision

147. Peripheral and central mechanisms of olfaction 148. Peripheral and central mechanisms of sensation of taste

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Participants

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OMA004 G

ENETICS

Course director: DR.BÉLA MELEGH, professor

Medical Genetics and Child Development

The goal is to transfer knowledge related to congenital and acquired disorders of the human genome and genetic diseases. Therefore the topics presented include the fundaments of medical genetics as well as the novel developments of the post genomic era.

The students will gain knowledge of the general features of the human genome, of modern diagnostic methods, of preventive measures and therapeutic approaches.

The lectures are based on European and American curriculums from the basics to most modern data.

The grades will be established by a written test at the end of the semester.

None.

Reading material

- Nelson: Textbook of Paediatrics

- Emery and Mueller: Elements of Medical Genetics

- Ronald W Dudek, John E Wiley: High-Yield Genetics, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008

Lectures

1 Introduction: history of genetics, the Human Genome Project, the postgenom era, ENCODE project Dr. Melegh Béla

2 Introduction: history of genetics, the Human Genome Project, the postgenom era, ENCODE project Dr. Melegh Béla

3 Construction of pedigree, basics of mendelian inheritance, characteristics of mendelian and non-mendelian inheritance I. Dr. Halmainé Dr. Komlósi Katalin

4 Construction of pedigree, basics of mendelian inheritance, characteristics of mendelian and non-mendelian inheritance I. Dr. Halmainé Dr. Komlósi Katalin

5 Construction of pedigree, basics of mendelian inheritance, characteristics of mendelian and non-mendelian inheritance II. Dr. Halmainé Dr. Komlósi Katalin

6 Construction of pedigree, basics of mendelian inheritance, characteristics of mendelian and non-mendelian inheritance II. Dr. Halmainé Dr. Komlósi Katalin

7 Organization of the human genome I. From the nuclear and mitochondrial genome to organization of the chromosomes. Dr. Melegh Béla

8 Organization of the human genome I. From the nuclear and mitochondrial genome to organization of the chromosomes. Dr. Melegh Béla

9 Organization of the human genome II: Special elements of the human genome: organization and function of coding and non-coding regions; LINE, SINE, Alu sequence elements, SNP, CNV.

Dr. Melegh Béla

10 Organization of the human genome II: Special elements of the human genome: organization and function of coding and non-coding regions; LINE, SINE, Alu sequence elements, SNP, CNV.

Dr. Melegh Béla

11 Organization of the human genome III: Basics of cytogenetics, FISH, CGH, array techniques. Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga

12 Organization of the human genome III: Basics of cytogenetics, FISH, CGH, array techniques. Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga

13 Examination methods I. Hybridization methods (blot, PCR and modifications, RFLP, Sanger, NGS, MLPA). Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes

14 Examination methods I. Hybridization methods (blot, PCR and modifications, RFLP, Sanger, NGS, MLPA). Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes

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19

15 Examination methods II. Biochemical diagnostics, enzyme diagnostics, determination of metabolites. Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes

16 Examination methods II. Biochemical diagnostics, enzyme diagnostics, determination of metabolites. Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes

17 Examination methods III: Cytogenetic diagnostics. Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga

18 Examination methods III: Cytogenetic diagnostics. Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga

19 Basics of pharmacogenetics, concept of personalised medicine. Dr. Melegh Béla

20 Basics of pharmacogenetics, concept of personalised medicine. Dr. Melegh Béla

21 Mutations, SNPs, haplotypes, genetic drift. Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes 22 Mutations, SNPs, haplotypes, genetic drift.

Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes

23 Linkage, genetic mapping, Hardy-Weinberg rule, GWAS. Dr. Halmainé Dr. Komlósi Katalin

24 Linkage, genetic mapping, Hardy-Weinberg rule, GWAS. Dr. Halmainé Dr. Komlósi Katalin

25 Epigenetics, imprinting. Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga

26 Epigenetics, imprinting. Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga

27 Studying gene function, proteomics, bioinformatics. Dr. Melegh Béla

28 Studying gene function, proteomics, bioinformatics. Dr. Melegh Béla

Practices

1 Basics of PCR method I. PCR technique in the praxis Primers

PCR reaction

Analysis of PCR products 2 Basics of PCR method I.

PCR technique in the praxis Primers

PCR reaction

Analysis of PCR products 5 Basics of PCR method II.

RFPL technique in the praxis RFLP method design

RFLP reaction

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6 Basics of PCR method II. RFPL technique in the praxis RFLP method design

RFLP reaction

Analysis of RFLP results 7 Basics of PCR method II.

RFLP reaction

Analysis of RFLP results 8 Basics of PCR method II.

RFLP reaction

Analysis of RFLP results 9 Basics of real-time PCR

Real-time PCR technique in the praxis Real-time PCR method

Real-time PCR reaction

Real-time RCR results

10 Basics of real-time PCR

13 Basics of PAA gelelectophoresis PAA in the praxis

SSCP; PAGE

PAA gel construction

PAA results

SSCP; PAGE

PAA results

SSCP; PAGE

PAA results

SSCP; PAGE

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21 17 Basics of DNA sequencing

DNA sequencing in the praxis Preparation of the sample Sequencing of PCR products

Sequence analysis

18 Basics of DNA sequencing DNA sequencing in the praxis Preparation of the sample Sequencing of PCR products

Sequence analysis

21 Traditional cytogenetics Application in the clinical praxis

Chromosomal disorders

Cell culturing

Karyotyping 22 Traditional cytogenetics

Application in the clinical praxis

Cell culturing

Karyotyping 25 Molecular cytogenetics

FISH method in the praxis

Application of FISH in structural chromosome aberrations

Application of FISH in numerical chromosome aberrations (prenatal diagnostics) Other molecular cytogenetic methods (CGH, array CGH)

26 Molecular cytogenetics FISH method in the praxis

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Seminars

CooSpace system.

Participants

Dr. Berenténé Dr. Bene Judit Ágnes (BEJSAAP.PTE), Dr. Czakó Márta (CZMHAAE.PTE), Dr. Hadzsiev Kinga (HAKMAAO.PTE), Dr. Melegh Béla (MEBMABO.PTE)

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23

OMA005 B

IOPHYSICS

Course director: DR.MIKLÓS NYITRAI, professor

Department of Biophysics

The aim of the Biophysics curses is to introduce the students to the theoretical and experimental bases of the methods and applications commonly used in medical biotechnology. To achieve these aims we will provide detailed information in the lectures regarding the principals underlying these applications. The seminars and practicals will serve the aims of the manifestation of this knowledge in practical situations, during manual applications. An example for the subjects covered in biophysics.

Maximum 3 absences from lectures.

Completion and proper documentation of each laboratory practice and approval thereof by the course instructor. Maximum 3 absences from practices. Students are not allowed to be late from the practicals. Being late counts as an absence.

Missed practices can be made up during make-up opportunities provided by the department. During each make-up lab, only one missed practice can be executed.

Reading material

1. Damjanovich Sándor, Fidy Judit, Szöllösi János (eds.): Medical Biophysics, Medicina, Budapest, 2008 2. Biophysics Laboratory Manual, Pécs University Press, Pécs

3. Online materials on departmental website (http://biofizika.aok.pte.hu)

Lectures

1 The electromagnetic spectrum. Light. Dr. Lukács András Szilárd

2 Energy levels of atoms and molecules. Dr. Lukács András Szilárd

3 Absorption photometry.

Dr. Lukács András Szilárd 4 Infrared and FTIR spectroscopy.

Dr. Lukács András Szilárd 5 Raman and CD spectroscopy.

Dr. Lukács András Szilárd 6 Fluorescence spectroscopy.

Dr. Hild Gábor

7 Fluorescence anisotropy. FRAP. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Dr. Hild Gábor

8 FRET. Fluorescence quenching. Dr. Nyitrai Miklós

9 Rapid kinetic methods. Surface plasmon resonance. Dr. Nyitrai Miklós

10 Flow cytometry.

Dr. Visegrády Balázs

11 Light microscopy.

Dr. Bugyi Beáta

12 Fluorescence microscopy. Confocal microscopy. Dr. Bugyi Beáta

13 Supperresolution microscopy. Dr. Bugyi Beáta

14 Atomic force and scanning probe microscopy.

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15 Electron microscopy.

Dr. Grama László

16 Laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic potentials. Dr. Bódis Emőke

17 Calorimetric methods: DSC, ITC. Dr. Bódis Emőke

18 Quantum numbers. The spin.

19 EPR, NMR.

20 MRI.

21 Radiocativity. Interaction of radioactive radiations with matter. Dr. Orbán József

22 Dosimetry. Detection of radioactive radiations. Dr. Orbán József

23 Biological effects of radioactive radiations. Dr. Orbán József

24 Gamma-camera, SPECT, PET. Dr. Orbán József

25 Sedimentation. Dr. Talián Csaba Gábor 26 Electrophoresis.

Dr. Talián Csaba Gábor 27 Mass spectrometry.

Dr. Talián Csaba Gábor 28 X-ray diffraction.

Dr. Talián Csaba Gábor

Practices 1 Introduction 2 Introduction 3 LASER 4 LASER 5 Absorption photometry 6 Absorption photometry

7 Fluorescence spectroscopy 1: steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy 8 Fluorescence spectroscopy 1: steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy 9 Fluorescence spectroscopy 2: time-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy 10 Fluorescence spectroscopy 2: time-dependent fluorescence spectroscopy 11 Rapid kinetics: stopped-flow

12 Rapid kinetics: stopped-flow

13 Raman spectroscopy 14 Raman spectroscopy 15 EPR 16 EPR 17 Flow cytometry 18 Flow cytometry 19 Light microscopy 20 Light microscopy 21 FLIM 22 FLIM

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25 23 Make up lab 24 Make up lab 25 Make up lab 26 Make up lab 27 Make up lab 28 Make up lab Seminars Exam topics/questions

Can be found on the departmental website (http://biofizika.aok.pte.hu)

Participants

Dr. Bódis Emőke (BOEAAD.T.JPTE), Dr. Bugyi Beáta (BUBEAB.T.JPTE), Dr. Grama László (GRLHAAO.PTE), Dr. Lukács András Szilárd (LUATAA0.PTE), Dr. Orbán József (ORJFAAP.PTE), Dr. Talián Csaba Gábor (TACRAAO.PTE), Dr. Visegrády Balázs (VIBAAB.T.JPTE)

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OMA010 E

THICS IN

B

IOTECHNOLOGY

Course director: DR.JÁNOS KÁLLAI, professor

Department of Behavioural Sciences

1 credit ▪ exam ▪ Basic module ▪ autumn semester ▪ recommended semester: 1

The main aim of the course is to present the ethical considerations and dilemmas, which are related to the biotechnological researches and to the applications of biotechnology. Beyond that, during the course students will get acquainted with the social debates that are involved by the development of medical biotechnology, and also with the main elements of the European legal regulations in this area. During the semester the following subjects will be discussed: the ethics and the legal regulations of animal experiments, the ethical questions concerning organ and tissue transplantation, the ethical issues of cloning and genetic interventions, the future prospects of biotechnology and their social implications.

Written test.

According to the Code of Studies and Examinations

Reading material

- Justin Burley and John Harris (eds.): A Companion to Genethics, Balckwell Publishers Ltd., Massachussets/Oxford, 2002

- Gehring, Verna V., Genetic Prospects: Essays on Biotechnology, Ethics and Public Policy, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2004

- Andrew Johnson, Alan Holland: Animal Biotechnology and Ethics, Springer, 1997. - Peter Singer: Practical Ethics, Cambridge University Press, 1979, 48-72.

- Hoeyer, K., Koch, L.: The Ethics of Functional Genetics: Same, Same, but Different?, Trends in Biotechnology, 24(9), 387-3789, 2006.

- H. Verhoog: Naturalness and the Genetic Modification of Animals, Trends in Biotechnology, 21(7), 294-297, 2003. - F. S. Collins, E. D. Green, et al.: A Vision for the Future of Genomic Research, Nature, 422, 835-847, 2003

Lectures

1 Introduction

Dr. Szolcsányi Tibor

2 The role of ethics in medical biotechnology

3 The main ethical theories

4 The main ethical theories II.

5 The ethics of clinical trials

6 The ethics of clinical trials II.

7 The ethical implications of animal experiments

8 The ethical implications of animal experiments II.

9 Ethical issues raised by stem cell research

10 Ethical issues raised by stem cell research II.

11 The ethical debates about reproductive human cloning

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27 12 Gene-ethics Dr. Szolcsányi Tibor 13 Gene-ethics II. Dr. Szolcsányi Tibor 14 Summarizing discussion Dr. Szolcsányi Tibor Practices Seminars Exam topics/questions CooSpace Participants

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OMD002

A

PPLICATION OF

B

IOMARKERS IN

P

UBLIC

H

EALTH

Course director: DR.ZOLTÁN GYÖNGYI, assistant professor

Department of Public Health Medicine

3 credit ▪ exam + progress grade ▪ Elective courses (Med. Biot.) module ▪ both semesters semester ▪ recommended semester: 1

The aim of the course is to provide knowledge of identification and application of biomarkers, which can be the tools of primary, secondary and tertiary prevention. Initially, students will learn the basics of molecular epidemiology. Identification of high risk groups is possible by analysis of allele polymorphism, biomarkers of carcinogenic exposure and disease-specific molecules. Biomarkers, which are predominantly nucleic acids or proteins, can indicate early stages or progression of diseases. Students will come acquainted with tests which can be applied in the practice.

Attendance on practices should be above 85 %, for good cause 75 % of the No. of practices.

Personal consultation for good cause.

Reading material

1. Biomarkers in Risk Assessment: Validity and Validation: 223 (Environmental Health Criteria) by ILO, Unep and Who, 2001, 2. John F. McCarthy and Lee R. Shugart: Biomarkers of Environmental Contamination, 1990,

3. George Davey Smith, Paul Burton, and Lyle J. Palmer: An Introduction to Genetic Epidemiology (Health & Society), 2009 4. Chris Wild, Paolo Vineis, Seymour Garte: Molecular Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, Whily, 2008

Lectures

1 Comparison of traditional and molecular epidemiology.

Dr. Gyöngyi Zoltán

2 Role of biomarkers in epidemiology.

3 Molecular epidemiology of communicable diseases.

4 Molecular epidemiology of non-communicable diseases highlighting cardiovascular diseases and cancer.

5 Factors of individual susceptibility. Dr. Kiss István

6 Interaction between genome and environment. Dr. Varga Csaba

7 Biomarkers of toxic habits (alcohol, tobacco and drug).

8 Biomarkers of nutritional status. Consequences of oxidative stress.

9 Chemoprevention. Dr. Szabó István

10 Biomarkers of occupation-related exposures. Dr. Tibold Antal

11 Epigenetic biomarkers. Dr. Gombos Katalin

12 Validity of biomarkers. Dr. Kiss István

13 Clinical application of biomarkers.

14 Ethical implication of biomarkers. Handling genetic and other individual information.

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29

Practices

1 Measurement of internal dose 2 Measurement of internal dose

3 Adduct detection

4 Adduct detection

5 Genotoxicology - Ames test, commet assay 6 Genotoxicology - Ames test, commet assay 7 Genotoxicology - Ames test, commet assay 8 Genotoxicology - Ames test, commet assay 9 Cytotoxicology 10 Cytotoxicology 11 Cytotoxicology 12 Cytotoxicology 13 Individual susceptibility 14 PCR methods 15 DNA biomarkers 16 DNA biomarkers 17 DNA biomarkers 18 DNA biomarkers 19 RNA biomarkers 20 RNA biomarkers 21 Immunological methods 22 Protein biomarkers 23 Measurement of antioxidant status 24 Measurement of antioxidant status 25 Clinical biomarkers 26 Clinical biomarkers 27 Databases 28 Databases Seminars Exam topics/questions

Comparison of traditional and molecular epidemiology. Role of biomarkers in epidemiology.

Factors of individual susceptibility.

Interaction between genome and environment. Biomarkers of nutritional status.

Consequences of oxidative stress. Chemoprevention

Biomarkers of toxic habits - alcohol. Biomarkers of toxic habits - tobacco. Biomarkers of toxic habits - drug.

Biomarkers of occupation-related exposures. Molecular epidemiology of communicable diseases. Molecular epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases. Molecular epidemiology of cancer.

Clinical application of biomarkers.

Biomarkers of diseases and disease development. Ethical implication of biomarkers.

Validity of biomarkers.

Handling genetic and other individual information.

Participants

Bérczi Bálint Dániel (BEBIABT.PTE), Dr. Gombos Katalin (GOKFAAO.PTE), Dr. Gyöngyi Zoltán (GYZMAAO.PTE), Dr. Varga Csaba (VACMAAO.PTE)

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OMD063 I

NFORMATICS OF

M

EDICAL

L

ITERATURE

Course director: DR.FERENC KILÁR, professor

Institute of Bioanalysis

1 credit ▪ progress grade ▪ Elective courses (Med. Biot.) module ▪ autumn semester ▪ recommended semester: 1

The application of scientific literature during education and research is a basis of successful scientific work. The search methods and the handling of database sources in the internet are discussed. The creation and the use of local databases, and its coupling to internet based (cloud) databases. Scientometric evaluation of publications. Preparation of scientific publications, construction of reference lists.

According to the faculty rules

Reading material - Lectures Practices 1 Introduction, definitions 2 Structure of databases

3 History of scientific literature 4 Basics of preparation of manuscripts 5 Web of Science

6 Endnote for web

7 Medline, PubMed

8 ACS, Science Direct 9 The SciFinder database

10 SciVal in the University of Pécs, Medical School 11 Scientometric methods

12 Reference Manager, EndNote, MTMT 13 Impact factor, Hirsch index, citation index 14 Basics of preparation of manuscripts

Seminars

Preparation of a sample manuscript with the use of scientific literature search, and construction of reference list. Medline, Web of Science, Science Direct, SciFinder, Reference Manager, EndNote Web, EISZ, MTMT

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31

OMD064 S

TUDENT

P

ROJECT

R

ESEARCH

Course director: DR.PÉTER BALOGH, associate professor

Undergraduate Research

2 credit ▪ progress grade ▪ Elective courses (Med. Biot.) module ▪ both semesters semester ▪ recommended semester: 1

The aim of this subject is to nurture and promote the activity of students sufficiently motivated to perform biomedical project research. The students may progressively enrol to four parts in four separate semesters, for the total credit value of 8. For acknowledging the 3rd and 4th (elective) parts, the student must train research student novice(s).

The subject’s administrator is the actual Chairman of the Students’ Research Society (SRS) of the Faculty of Medicine.

To enrol this course a registered SRS membership is mandatory. Acknowledging the course requires (a) either first-author presentation of work at a Students’ conference (UP or elsewhere) or Dean’s assay, or presentation at any professional conference relevant to the research field, or (b) progress report on the work performed or demonstrating expertise at the methodology employed before the Tutor and the Chairman of SRS. Grades will be accorded corresponding to the criteria set out in the Rules and Regulations of SRS. For detailed requirements please read the following document: http://aok.pte.hu/run/download2.php?idf=11791&nyelv=eng

Not applicable. Reading material Not applicable Lectures Practices 1-24 Research Seminars Exam topics/questions Not applicable Participants

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OMD067

P

HYSIOLOGY OF THE

A

DAPTATION

L

IMITS OF THE

H

UMAN

B

ODY

Course director: DR.JÓZSEF LÁSZLÓ KÖRNYEI, associate professor

Department of Physiology

2 credit ▪ progress grade ▪ Elective courses (Med. Biot.) module ▪ spring semester ▪ recommended semester: 2

Prerequisites: OMA003 completed Topic

Following a short review of the relevant physiological regulatory mechanisms, this course focuses on the adaptation limits of the human body under extreme strain situations. The knowledge gained here gives assistance to students with the understanding of the physiological integrative collaboration of organ systems of the human body. Sessions embrace the physiological regulatory mechanisms of the body, the collaboration of different organ systems, while special emphasis is placed on the possible physiological limits and their origins in cases of: high altitudes, deep sea diving, high and low environmental temperatures, starvation and obesity, dehydration and heavy water/salt intake, physical exercise, movement or inactivity, effects of gravity, accelerations, kinetosis, weightlessness, then vision, hearing, intellectual work, attention, concentration, learning/memory, exhaustion, sleep withdrawal, psychological tensions and behavioral activity, usage of tools to overcome these limits.

Presence and the results of the two in-semester tests

Missed movies can be viewed once on discussed and agreed time schedule, the figures of the lectures are available on the CooSpace.

Reading material

Physiology textbooks

Lectures

1 Introduction, objectives of the course, topics and methods. Dr. Környei József László

2 Forms of upward movements I., physiology of adaptation limits: Hiking. Dr. Környei József László

3 Forms of upward movements II., Physiological problems during hiking, adaptation limits and their origins. Dr. Környei József László

4 Forms of upward movements II., Physiological problems during hiking, adaptation limits and their origins. Dr. Környei József László

5 Forms of upward movements III., Gravitational effects, accelerations and their monitoring, physiology of microgravity surroundings.

Dr. Környei József László

6 Forms of upward movements III., Gravitational effects, accelerations and their monitoring, physiology of microgravity surroundings.

7 Forms of underwater activity I., physiology of the adaptation limits Dr. Környei József László

8 Forms of underwater activity I., physiology of the adaptation limits Dr. Környei József László

9 Deep sea diving II., physiology of the adaptation limits Dr. Környei József László

10 Deep sea diving II., physiology of the adaptation limits Dr. Környei József László

11 Consultation Dr. Környei József László 12 1st in-semester report test. Dr. Környei József László

13 Thermal strain situations I.: total body and local cold effects Dr. Környei József László

14 Thermal strain situations I.: total body and local cold effects Dr. Környei József László

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33 15 Thermal strain situations II.: total body and local warm effects

16 Thermal strain situations II.: total body and local warm effects Dr. Környei József László

17 Mechanical resistance of the human body: passive limits (accidental traumas) Dr. Környei József László

18 Sport and military strain situations, physiological limits of muscular work. Dr. Környei József László

19 Reaction time, coordination of movements, physiology of active limits. Dr. Környei József László

20 Causes of accidents, the human factor. Dr. Környei József László

21 Electric current and radioactivity limits. Dr. Környei József László

22 Weather fronts, physiology of orientation Dr. Környei József László

23 Physiological limits of sensory organs in humans, vision and hearing. Dr. Környei József László

24 Fear and overcoming it, adrenalin need, effects of sleep withdrawal, upper limits of concentration. Dr. Környei József László

25 Physiology of time shift problems, jet-lag. Dr. Környei József László

26 Intellectual work, memory, will-power and survival skills. Dr. Környei József László

27 Consultation Dr. Környei József László

28 2nd in-semester report test, defining progress grades Dr. Környei József László

Practices Seminars

Test questions based on the topics of the lectures