molecular evolution
Quantifying Phylogenetic Conservation in Protein Molecular Evolution
... conservation in proteins molecular evolution. Ideally, this conservation is quantified by inferring the rate of evolution at each amino acid site of a multiple-alignment. However, current ...
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Contrasting Levels of Molecular Evolution on the Mouse X Chromosome
... expression evolution requires a cell- or stage-specific ...of molecular evolution across sper- matogenesis in ...the evolution of a key regulatory phenotype on and off the X chromosome for the ...
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Molecular Evolution at the decapentaplegic Locus in Drosophila
... and D.virilis to explore the molecular evolution of the gene. Our interspecific analysis identified signifi- cant selective constraint on both the nucleotide and amino acid seque[r] ...
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The Molecular Evolution and DNA Profiling of Toxic Cyanobacteria
... sequence polymorphisms in the cyanobacterial phycocyanin operon. Inferred phylogenies, using these RFLP genotypes as phylogenetic characters, are presented in Figures 3 and 4. Within the unicellular domains, Microcystis ...
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Adaptive Molecular Evolution for 13,000 Phage Generations
... the evolution, but 7% of the later changes had evolved in previous studies of much shorter ...adaptive evolution for 180 days defies a model of adaptation to a constant ...continuing molecular ...
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The role of polysaccharides in the molecular evolution of biopolymers
... the molecular evolution of biopolymers [2], could initiate the above-mentioned processes, which, in their turn, enabled the described reactions to prevail at the initial stages of the Earth atmosphere ...
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Molecular evolution of the sheep prion protein gene
... the molecular evolution of PRNP in ruminants and show that variation in sheep appears to have been maintained by balancing selection, a profoundly different process from that seen in other ...
8
Witnessing Phenotypic and Molecular Evolution in the Fruit Fly
... on molecular evolution and genome evolution, and the students will have had the unique opportunity to witness the processes in action in this ...
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Local Recombination and Mutation Effects on Molecular Evolution in Drosophila
... among very divergent organisms or genomes (Kliman Two recent articles reported that significant locus- and Hey 1993; Lynch 1997; Munte´ et al. 1997), which lineage interaction exists in the synonymous-substitu- does not ...
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Molecular Evolution: The HIV Envelope Protein
... research has uncovered many facets to the biology of the virus, including how HIV evolves at a molecular level. This module focuses on the envelope protein, a receptor on the surface of the virus. The activity ...
5
Plant Molecular Evolution
... of evolution to show that sites under positive selection, as indicated by estimates of the ratio of the rates of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions, are located in similar ...
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Molecular evolution of the sheep prion protein gene
... Assuming a molecular clock and a divergence date between sheep and cattle of 19.6 million years ago (MYA) (Kumar & Hedges 1998) the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of the 32 sheep haplotypes is ...
9
Molecular evolution of communication signals in electric fish
... through the channel (Kellenberger et al., 1977; Kellenberger et al., 1997; Popa et al., 2004). Despite the persistence of conserved amino acids in these regions across ~500 million years of evolution ...
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Molecular evolution of the vertebrate mechanosensory cell and ear
... organ evolution is concerned, it appears to be conceptually difficult to accept the equivalence of mechanosensors represented either by single, distributed cells across the body or as a well organized sensory cell ...
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Rate variation during molecular evolution: creationism and the cytochrome c molecular clock
... or molecular phylogeneticists famil- iar with molecular clocks would probably respond more or less flippantly that it has been known since the 1960s that cytochrome c has a variable substitution ...in ...
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Molecular evolution of the plant R regulatory gene family.
... Evolution of the R variable domain in the grasses: Analysis of the isolated grass R homolog sequences re- veal that several mostly conservative amino acid replace- ments[r] ...
6
The molecular evolution of the small heat-shock proteins in plants.
... Additions of other eukaryotic small heat-shock proteins (from yeast and humans) to the data matrix make alignment more difficult and, in addition, do not resolve the re[r] ...
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RNA structures and their molecular evolution in HIV : evolution of robustness in RNA structures and theoretical systems
... congruent evolution of genetic robustness highlights the advantage that investigations of computational models bring to the study of evolved robust- ...the evolution of genetic robustness is ...
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Molecular evolution of fungicide resistance in Blumeria graminis
... From the experiments performed in this chapter, it is clear that resistance to triazole fungicides in the UK and US Bgt populations has been increased through the evolution of a complex combination of several ...
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Molecular evolution of the intracellular targeting of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
... manimalian evolution, the subcellular distribution of hepatic AGT protein has changed within orders and between closely related species (figure ...the molecular basis of AGT targeting in the human"^^ ...
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