Six different mutation rates (average over five tests)
Viral Mutation Rates
... Whether mutation rates should be expressed per infected cell or per strand copy- ing depends on the questions being addressed and the estima- tion ...across different types of virus or between ...
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Rates of Spontaneous Mutation
... for different U values in differ- of approximately s˜ dU d ( Kimura 1967; Kondrashov ent taxa is that the cost of fidelity may vary with life 1995), because only half of the mutations will occur in history or ...
20
Retroviral mutation rates and A-to-G hypermutations during different stages of retroviral replication.
... of different stages of replication to the retroviral mutation rates, we developed a spleen necrosis virus-based in vivo system to selectively identify mutations occurring during the early stage (RNA ...
9
Why Are Phenotypic Mutation Rates Much Higher Than Genotypic Mutation Rates?
... genotypic mutation rates has been investigated in numerous theoretical and experi- mental ...phenotypic mutation rate, u max , that is compatible with main- taining a certain function of the ...
10
Complexities of Viral Mutation Rates
... viral mutation rates, mutation rate evolution, polymerase fidelity, polymerase M any viruses have high rates of ...evolutionary rates have been attributed to the large population sizes, ...
8
The Influence of Hitchhiking and Deleterious Mutation Upon Asexual Mutation Rates
... tion rates in such scenarios tend to be considerably lower than the analytically derived ESS mutation rates, because the effects of hitchhiking become vanishingly weak relative to mutational load and ...
12
The indirect estimation of mutation rates in man
... bacterial viruses (Freese, 1959). The eras of radiation genetics and chemical mutagenesis, have however, only touched a part of the mutational spectrum. It may be relevant to point out here that the high exposure ro ...
363
Purifying Selection, Drift, and Reversible Mutation with Arbitrarily High Mutation Rates
... scaled mutation rates, in the framework of the classical random mating, finite population size model with forward and backward mutations in the presence of selection and genetic drift (Wright 1931, ...scaled ...
22
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Mutation pattern is an influential factor on functional mutation rates in cancer
... which mutation frequency affects cancer formation and devel- opment isn’t completely ...enhanced mutation frequency are prone to accumulation of driver mutations that confer a growth advantage to tumor ...
11
Modelling GAs with self adaptive mutation rates
... The empirical results presented show that the pre- dicted fitness of the evolving population is over- estimated, and reasons are given for this in terms of the discretisation of real populations with a granular- ity of ...
8
Mutation rates: simpler than we thought?
... longevities. Mutation creates the variation that underlies all evolutionary ...of mutation cannot be ...mutational rates may themselves be evolutionarily optimal, and adjusted to the nuances of each ...
6
MUTATION RATES FOR AUTOSOMAL LETHALS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
... Data obtained from cultures of the first and second sorts can be used to estimate mutation rates since the original fly in each case was lethal-free; data obtained from cultures[r] ...
5
Contrasting Determinants of Mutation Rates in Germline and Soma
... point mutation rates, including CpG methylation, expression levels, replication timing, and GC ...whereas mutation rates have been reported to decrease with expression levels in tumors, no ...
13
Likelihood-Based Estimation of Microsatellite Mutation Rates
... lite mutation rates, yet the factors determining mutation rates are ...study mutation is direct observation of allele transmissions in parent- child pairs, and studies of this type ...
8
Meiosis and the Evolution of Recombination at Low Mutation Rates
... and inhibited transformation. Here, though, reciprocal there is only a small window between where recombina- tion could have evolved due to the effects of background recombination can always be forced upon the best ...
8
Terumi Mukai and the Riddle of Deleterious Mutation Rates
... the mutation rate in a random sample of and effects of deleterious ...mate rates for mutations that are lethal when homozy- renewed interest in the problem of deleterious muta- ...lethal mutation ...
9
Strategy parameter variety in self adaption of mutation rates
... in mutation-only ...possible mutation rates, the continuous scheme provides effectively an infinite choice of mutation ...bitwise mutation probabilities, rather than step sizes, many of ...
8
Self adaptation of mutation rates in non elitist populations
... Abstract. The runtime of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) depends criti- cally on their parameter settings, which are often problem-specific. Auto- mated schemes for parameter tuning have been developed to alleviate the ...
14
Evolution of Mutation Rates in Rapidly Adapting Asexual Populations
... these mutation rate modifiers are determined by indirect selection on linked beneficial and deleterious ...deleterious mutation rates, and the strength of a typical driver ...stable mutation ...
18
Self-adaptation of mutation rates in non-elitist populations
... Abstract. The runtime of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) depends criti- cally on their parameter settings, which are often problem-specific. Auto- mated schemes for parameter tuning have been developed to alleviate the ...
15