target words
Simplified pictorial representations in explicit foreign language vocabulary learning
... to target words, (2) glossary annotations – a list of definitions of target words which is hyperlinked to the target words in the text, (3) pop-up annotations – “hidden ...
308
Relationship between types of distractor and difficulty of multiple-choice vocabulary tests in sentential context
... the target words and distractors that were not; all of them concluded that test takers had more difficulty in answering the tests with semantically related ...related words, and antonyms were more ...
14
Neural Network based Word Alignment through Score Aggregation
... given target word. A soft-margin objective increases scores for true target words while de- creasing scores for target words that are not ...
8
Soochow University: Description and Analysis of the Chinese Word Sense Induction System for CLP2010
... Word sense induction (WSI) is an open problem of natural language processing (NLP), which governs the process of automatic discovery of the possible senses of a word. WSI is similar to word sense disambiguation (WSD) ...
6
CUNI System for the Building Educational Applications 2019 Shared Task: Grammatical Error Correction
... input words, assign- ing weight to target words based on their align- ment to source words, and they also propose to oversample sentences from the training set in or- der to have the same ...
8
Grammatical error correction using neural machine translation
... the words in the target sentence. Once we know the source words that are responsible for the unknown target words, a word level transla- tion model learnt from parallel sentences is ...
7
Statistical Machine Translation through Global Lexical Selection and Sentence Reconstruction
... the target words so as to be able to recover some of the grammatical role infor- mation lost in the classification ...the target lex- ical items with supertag information (Bangalore and Joshi, ...get ...
8
The MuCoW Test Suite at WMT 2019: Automatically Harvested Multilingual Contrastive Word Sense Disambiguation Test Sets for Machine Translation
... those target words that potentially share the same mean- ing (for example synonyms) are clustered to- ...translate words and senses between several ...
11
The Relationship between Phoneme Production and Perception in Speech-Impaired and Typically-Developing Children
... the target word and a single phonological foil word ...of words being tested and the ability to interpret the pictures ...the target words and the words he chose suggest that these ...
26
Gov2Vec: Learning Distributed Representations of Institutions and Their Legal Text
... contexts, words with similar meaning are embedded in similar locations in vector space as a by-product of the pre- diction task (Mikolov et ...of target words, a vector unique to the document is ...
6
Assessing the Influence of Letter Position in Reading Normal and Transposed Texts Using a Letter Detection Task
... a words’ last letter may be more important than was suggested by Briihl and Inhoff ...where target words had two adjacent letters ...critical words was longer when the beginning letters were ...
48
Cross lingual Pronoun Prediction for English, French and German with Maximum Entropy Classification
... the target side only contains lemma in- formation, where all gender- or number-specific information has been removed from nouns (or merged to the same token for ...
7
Using Synthetic Compounds for Word Sense Discrimination
... We used compounds in the selection of candidate words for representing a target word’s senses in a word sense discrimination approach. Because com- pounds are less-frequent overall than the similar- ...
6
Bag of Words as Target for Neural Machine Translation
... There is also a study (Zhao et al., 2017) shares a similar name with this work, i.e. bag-of-word loss, our work has significant difference with this study. First, the methods are very different. The previous work uses ...
7
Annotating Spelling Errors in German Texts Produced by Primary School Children
... Similarly, HSP considers < ß > for the phoneme /s/ in <Gießkanne> ‘watering can’ an element that has to be memorized because the same phoneme can be represented by < s > elsewhere, for example in ...
11
Language Modeling with Sparse Product of Sememe Experts
... previous words, when generating the word “student”, except the sememe Ñ ô “predict”, all other Top 5 predicted sememes have high relevance to either the predicted word or the ...generated words explicitly ...
10
Paraphrase for Open Question Answering: New Dataset and Methods
... SCISSOR (Ge and Mooney, 2005) was one of the first successful attempts to create a robust seman- tic parser. It worked by first syntactically parsing a question, augmenting the result with semantic infor- mation, and ...
9
Addressing the Rare Word Problem in Neural Machine Translation
... We present three sample translations of our best system (with 37.5 BLEU) in Table 3. In our first example, the model translates all the un- known words correctly: 2600, orthop´ediques, and cataracte. It is ...
9
LATENT INHIBITION AND PSYCHOMETRICALLY DEFINED SCHIZOTYPY: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
... of target salience and schizotypy level (STA). Levels of target salience: high (target salient/ distractor non-salient), medium (target non- salient/ distractor non-salient), and low ...
15
Investigating the psychological and emotional dimensions in instructed language learning: obstacles and possibilities
... emotion words is smaller in speech extracts of L2 users than in those of native speakers engaged in similar tasks (Dewaele & Pavlenko, ...of words in the L1 and L2 of bilinguals through their effect on ...
14