[PDF] Top 20 Corpus-based Referring Expressions Generation

... TUNA corpus to learn possi- ble AS ...third corpus-based approach to REG, we attempt to use surface information taken from the corpus to guide the (otherwise strictly semantic) AS ...function ... See full document

... The generation of referring expressions (GRE), an important subtask of Natural Language Generation (NLG) is to gener- ate phrases that uniquely identify domain ... See full document

... Generating Referring Expressions in Context (GREC) tasks, where candidate REs have to be assigned to in- stances of a referent in a Wikipedia article (Belz and Kow, ... See full document

... role. Based on the literature ...trary; based on our data, it may be that a Mandarin NP denotes a singular entity by default, and that plu- ral interpretations only arise when the context en- forces this ... See full document

... of referring expressions elicited from human participants in a controlled environ- ment are an important resource for research on automatic referring expression ...new corpus of refer- ring ... See full document

... is based solely on the relative cogni- tive load associated with the semantics of the spa- tial relations and makes not claims as to the se- mantic relationships between the semantics of the spatial ... See full document

... The average results over both clusters (shown in the last column Table 2) are not conclusive as to which setting should be used overall, al- though it is clear that the LongestFirst version is preferable when evaluated ... See full document

... the corpus were produced by 294 participants, each producing 16 referring ex- pressions for 16 ...a corpus of 4480 REs describing a target in a 3D scene containing seven ...the corpus see ... See full document

... D-TUNA corpus, which is the first semantically annotated corpus of referring expressions in ...generate referring expressions by computing how a specific target can be identified ... See full document

... Before conducting any quantitative data analysis, some syntactic and lexical normalisation was car- ried out on the data provided by the participants. In particular, spelling mistakes were corrected; normalised names ... See full document

... each referring expression is annotated with its at- tribute type ...ferring expressions from each trial in the training data and replace each attribute value with its type ... See full document

... We aim to extend this work in two direc- tions. First, we hypothesise that our ap- proach can help nlg systems handle other sur- face ambiguities, for instance involving PP- attachment. Second, we realise that contex- ... See full document

... of referring in installments, in that it can generate multiple REs that are designed to correct misunderstandings of earlier REs to the same ob- ...feedback based on what a user does and ...RE ... See full document

... the referring expressions produced. This is based on the assumption that the more human-like a referring expression is, the more natural it ...a corpus, we can- not avoid also mimicking ... See full document

... the generation of descriptions that resemble those produced by human speakers, corpora of human- produced referring expressions are often collected to gain insights on these issues, and in some cases ... See full document

... appearance based descriptions. Another dataset based on MS COCO images has also been collected, called the RefCOCOg dataset Mao et ...both referring expression generation and ... See full document

... generating referring expressions mainly utilized attributes of objects and bi- nary relations between ...lect referring expressions in such situations, and built a generation algorithm ... See full document

... a corpus subset. A challenge based on the TUNA corpus is the shared task of GRE (Gatt and Belz 2008, Gatt and Belz ...by corpus frequencies that are accommodated by some learning ... See full document

... the generation of relational descriptions poses no ...graph- based algorithm models the list of preferred attributes is that finer-grained distinctions can be made than can with the incremental ...graph ... See full document

... of referring expressions. For evaluating the realization of referring expressions, such corpora are very suitable, and various researchers have used them, for instance, to evaluate algorithms ... See full document