[PDF] Top 20 Evolution of CCR5 Use before and during Coreceptor Switching
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Evolution of CCR5 Use before and during Coreceptor Switching
... engaged CCR5, dem- onstrated by increased sensitivity to CCR5 inhibitors ...low CCR5 expression ...of CCR5 versus CXCR4 preference as coreceptor ...that coreceptor ... See full document
9
Mucosal transmissibility, disease induction and coreceptor switching of R5 SHIVSF162P3Nmolecular clones in rhesus macaques
... that use only CCR5 for entry, Envs harboring V3 S11R (EnvS11R) or D25K mu- tation (EnvD25K) were dual-tropic, infecting ...the CCR5 or CXCR4 corecep- tor (Figure ...X4 evolution during ... See full document
13
Coreceptor use in nonhuman primate models of HIV infection
... R5-to-X4 evolution, it is a major obstacle to X4 emergence and ...R5-to-X4 evolution process in the RP macaques may require the same conformation changes that renders the virus neutralization ...for ... See full document
9
Conserved Changes in Envelope Function during Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Switching
... in coreceptor preference from CCR5 to CXCR4 that occurs in about 50% of chronically infected humans (5, ...instance, evolution of envelope protein function must occur to allow infection of a new ... See full document
15
Effect of B-Cell Depletion on Coreceptor Switching in R5 Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection of Rhesus Macaques
... receptors, CCR5 (R5) or CXCR4 (X4) (3, ...that use R5 dominate in the early stages of HIV-1 ...that use X4 emerge late in infection, overtaking the R5 viruses as the predominant virus in some cases ... See full document
9
Determination of HIV-1 coreceptor tropism using proviral DNA in women before and after viral suppression
... viral evolution of the V3 ...cells during viral suppression in plasma ...cells during suppressive ART has also been described ...tropism evolution in suppressed patients found lower rates of ... See full document
6
A Cell Line-Based Neutralization Assay for Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates That Use either the CCR5 or the CXCR4 Coreceptor
... The sources of the R5 viruses JR-FL and SF162, the R5X4 viruses DH123, 92US593, 2076 cl3, C7/86, SF2, and C17, and the X4 viruses 2075, 2044, ACH- H9, and NL4-3 have all been described previously (66–68). Isolates C17, ... See full document
9
Heterosexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype C: Macrophage Tropism, Alternative Coreceptor Use, and the Molecular Anatomy of CCR5 Utilization
... with CCR5 or CXCR4. All envelopes mediated infection through CD4 and CCR5, while none were infected through CD4 and CXCR4 or CD4 alone (data not ...that evolution to CXCR4 use occurs less ... See full document
13
Exclusive and Persistent Use of the Entry Coreceptor CXCR4 by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from a Subject Homozygous for CCR5 Δ32
... (HIV-1) coreceptor CCR5 (CCR5 2 / 2 ) lack functional cell surface CCR5 molecules and are relatively resistant to HIV-1 ...in CCR5 2 / 2 indi- viduals, although rare, has been ... See full document
8
Evolution of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope during Infection Reveals Molecular Corollaries of Specificity for Coreceptor Utilization and AIDS Pathogenesis
... and coreceptor utilization have been gained from studies employ- ing laboratory strains and unrelated primary isolates as the starting points for analysis and genetic engineering of variants (5, 12, 13, ...env ... See full document
15
Clinical use of CCR5 inhibitors in HIV and beyond
... the evolution of HIV from R5- to X4- tropic ...in coreceptor usage, and these differences may have a significant impact on the ability to use CCR5 antagonists in different ... See full document
14
N-Linked Glycosylation of CXCR4 Masks Coreceptor Function for CCR5-Dependent Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Isolates
... in coreceptor activity is present in human macrophages (60) and that post- translational glycosylation could account for this observation; however, we noted that recombinant-expressed wild-type and non-N-linked ... See full document
10
The Evolution of Phenotypic Switching in Subdivided Populations
... such switching behaviors? Stochastic switching is often inter- preted as a bet-hedging strategy (Starrfelt and Kokko 2012) that could confer a fitness advantage in volatile environments (Thattai and van ... See full document
41
Before, During, After
... In the mid 1950s, my grandparents, my mother and her younger siblings moved to a middle class neighborhood of New Orleans and adjusted to life in America. That adjustment didn’t come easy. In Costa Rica, my grandparents ... See full document
85
Prevalence and evolution of intimate partner violence before and during pregnancy: a cross sectional study
... violence during pregnancy have been published in the Western ...violence during the childbearing period are difficult to obtain ...violence during pregnancy, reported ... See full document
11
Before and During Pregnancy
... designed to identify and monitor select maternal experiences, attitudes, and behaviors that occur before, during, and shortly after pregnancy among women delivering a live born infant. PRAMS collects ... See full document
6
Adaptive Mutations in the V3 Loop of gp120 Enhance Fusogenicity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Enable Use of a CCR5 Coreceptor That Lacks the Amino-Terminal Sulfated Region
... the CCR5 coreceptor and to analyze the mechanisms of infection, we selected variants of the CCR5-dependent JRCSF molecular clone of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) that adapted to ... See full document
13
R5X4 HIV 1 coreceptor use in primary target cells: implications for coreceptor entry blocking strategies
... of CCR5, and cause conformational changes in the coreceptor that prevent its recognition and/or use by HIV-1 ...first CCR5 antagonist approved by the FDA for treatment-experi- enced patients ... See full document
9
Characterizing the Diverse Mutational Pathways Associated with R5-Tropic Maraviroc Resistance: HIV-1 That Uses the Drug-Bound CCR5 Coreceptor
... coreceptors CCR5 and/or CXCR4 also fluctuate between cell lines (64), dynamic Env expres- sion on the virion surface regulated by the signal peptide may confer great selective advantage on HIV populations ... See full document
16
HIV-1 Resistance to CCR5 Antagonists Associated with Highly Efficient Use of CCR5 and Altered Tropism on Primary CD4+ T Cells
... of CCR5 (9, 24). The amino-terminal domain of CCR5 interacts with the base of the V3 loop and the bridging sheet region of gp120, with several sulfated tyrosine residues in CCR5 playing important ... See full document
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