[PDF] Top 20 Mutations That Abrogate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Dimerization Affect Maturation of the Reverse Transcriptase Heterodimer
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Mutations That Abrogate Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Dimerization Affect Maturation of the Reverse Transcriptase Heterodimer
... RT mutations result in viral particles with reduced ...RT dimerization is critical for ac- tivation of the RT enzyme (51, 53), we hypothesized that mu- tations that cause defects in RT subunit interactions ... See full document
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Subtype F Reverse Transcriptase Sequence and Drug Susceptibility
... might affect drug ...point mutations can lead to marked reductions in drug susceptibility (22), intra- or inter- subtype pol diversity might be reflected by particular drug susceptibility ... See full document
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Mutations in the U5 Region Adjacent to the Primer Binding Site Affect tRNA Cleavage by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase In Vivo
... HIV- 1(ATG) mutant, in which the canonical CA sequence was mutated to AT (Table ...HIV- 1(ATG), is not an efficient substrate for integration, and be- cause this mutation does not have a clear effect on the ... See full document
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Characterization and Structural Analysis of Novel Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Involved in the Regulation of Resistance to Nonnucleoside Inhibitors
... novel mutations, with the exception of two (L228H/R), confer changes in known HLA-restricted cytotoxic- T-lymphocyte epitopes in HIV-1 RT (HIV Molecular Immu- nology Database ...to abrogate the ... See full document
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Mutations Proximal to the Minor Groove-Binding Track of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Differentially Affect Utilization of RNA versus DNA as Template
... Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT), like all retroviral RTs, is a versatile DNA polymerase that can copy both RNA and DNA ...two ... See full document
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Effects of Amino Acid Substitutions at Position 115 on the Fidelity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... coli, mutations generated by RT in vitro can be corrected against the complementary strand by the mismatch repair machinery of the bacterial ...can affect the error rate to a much greater ... See full document
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The Impact of Multidideoxynucleoside Resistance-Conferring Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase on Polymerase Fidelity and Error Specificity
... also affect which portions of the template are susceptible to ...of mutations (P , ...to type I error. The Q151 residue in HIV-1 RT maps to the loop between the aE and b8 region of the RT, ... See full document
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High Sequence Conservation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase under Drug Pressure despite the Continuous Appearance of Mutations
... in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) in vivo, the first 320 amino acids of RT obtained from 2,236 plasma-derived samples from a ... See full document
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Expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase in trans during virion release and after infection.
... the maturation of the Gag-Pol polyprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), cleavage by the viral protease occurs during viral ...infection, reverse ... See full document
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Mutations in the Primer Grip of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Impair Proviral DNA Synthesis and Virion Maturation
... of reverse transcription (A); 39PBS/MA (39PBS, 59-ACTTGAAAGCGA AAGTAAAGC-39; and MA, 59-GGTCTCTCTGGTTAGACCA-39) for extended minus-strand DNA (B); 59R/MA (59R, 59-GGTCTCTCTGGTTAGACCA-39; MA, ... See full document
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Hypersusceptibility to Substrate Analogs Conferred by Mutations in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... all reverse transcriptases and RNA-dependent viral polymerases (Fig. 1) (4, 21, ...motifs affect the fidelity of DNA synthesis and influence the sensitivity of HIV-1 to substrate analog ... See full document
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Mutations in the Thumb Allow Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase To Be Cleaved by Protease in Virions
... point mutations affected the folding of ...the mutations at W401 that allowed RT degradation af- fected the ability of RT to ...temperature-sensitive mutations are not part of the dimer interface ... See full document
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Amino Acid Mutation N348I in the Connection Subdomain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Confers Multiclass Resistance to Nucleoside and Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
... affect both subunits of RT. Figure 3 shows that residue 348 of the p51 subunit is located remotely from the polymerase active site ( ⬃ 60 Å) and from the NNRTI binding pocket ( ⬃ 55 Å). Furthermore, it is not in ... See full document
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Comparison of Sequencing by Hybridization and Cycle Sequencing for Genotyping of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
... products, the clone sequences were highly concordant by both methods and generally agreed with the cycle sequencing results for population PCR products. Interestingly, nucleotide se- quence polymorphisms which were ... See full document
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Frequency of Mutations Conferring Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infected Patients in Korea
... resistance mutations after the initiation of monotherapy with ZDV, 3TC, or ddI was 7, 3, or 14 months, ...(Fig. 1). ZDV resistance mutations K70R, T215S/Y/F, D67N/E, K219Q, T69N/S/A, M41L, and L210W ... See full document
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Sensitive Phenotypic Detection of Minor Drug Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Variants
... and reverse transcription of TyHRT elements result in the conversion of a nonfunctional his3 gene (his3AI) into a functional HIS3 ...independent reverse transcription ...phenotypically. Reverse ... See full document
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Sensitive reverse transcriptase assay to detect and quantitate human immunodeficiency virus
... A sensitive biochemical assay of viral reverse transcriptase RT was developed that is useful for both the detection and quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus HIV, the agent respon[r] ... See full document
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Cross-Linking of the Fingers Subdomain of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase to Template-Primer
... HIV-1 RT mutants were created that had the cysteines nor- mally present at positions 38 and 280 replaced (by valine and serine, respectively) and also had a single cysteine residue introduced into specific ... See full document
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Influence of Reverse Transcriptase Variants, Drugs, and Vpr on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Mutant Frequencies
... of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with the combination of three or more antiretroviral drugs has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality (22, ...two ... See full document
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Genotypic, Phenotypic, and Modeling Studies of a Deletion in the β3-β4 Region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Gene That Is Associated with Resistance to Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
... Resistance to lamivudine is typically conferred by a mutation at RT codon 184 (30). However, two strains showed reduced sus- ceptibility to lamivudine in the absence of the typical lamivu- dine resistance mutation M184V ... See full document
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