Top PDF Wind Energy Generating System using STATCOM for Power Quality Improvement

MG sets typically utilize flying wheels for energy storage. motility energy within the regulator provides voltage regulation and voltage support throughout below voltage conditions. UPSs utilize batteries to store energy that is reborn to usable type throughout Associate in Nursing outage or voltage sag. CVT's square measure essentially transformers that square measure excited high on their saturation curves, thereby supply output voltage that is fairly freelance of input.

Abstract: - When the wind power is connected to an electric grid affects the power quality. The effects of the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operations. The installation of wind turbine with the grid causes power quality problems are determined by studying this paper. For this Static Compensator (STATCOM) with a battery energy storage system (BESS) at the point of common coupling to mitigate the power quality problems. The grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement by using STATCOM-control scheme is simulated using SIMULINK in power system block set. This relives the main supply source from the reactive power demand of the load and the induction generator in this proposed scheme. The improvement in power quality on the grid has been presented here according to the guidelines specified in IEC-61400 standard (International Electro-technical Commission) provides some norms and measurements.

In this paper a STATCOM based control technology has been proposed for commercial wind turbines for improving the power quality which can technically manage the power level associated with it. The proposed STATCOM control scheme for grid connected wind energy generation for power quality improvement has following objectives. Unity power factor at the source side, Reactive power support only from STATCOM to wind Generator & Load and Simple bang-bang controller for STATCOM to achieve fast dynamic response. The latest wind turbine generating systems are installed with pulse controlled inverters. Due to the improvement in switching techniques, the voltage and current at the point of common connection can be made in sinusoidal form and at unity power factor to improve the power quality at PCC.

The paper presents the STATCOM-based control scheme for power quality improvement of the grid-connected wind energy system with a non-linear load. Questions about electricity quality and its impact on consumers and power supply are presented. The operation of the control system designed for STATCOM-BESS in MATLAB / SIMULINK to maintain power quality is simulated. It is capable of releasing a harmonious portion of the charge current. It maintains the source current in phase and voltage and maintains the need for reactive power for the wind generator, and load at common coupling points in the grid system, thus allowing increased utilization factor of the transmission. , thus it gives an opportunity to enhance the utilization factor of a transmission line. The integration of wind energy system and STATCOM with BESS has shown outstanding performance. Therefore, the proposed scheme in the power grid system meets the energy quality standard in accordance with IEC standard 61400-21.

In this project, STATCOM based control scheme for power quality improvement in grid connected wind generating system and with nonlinear load was studied. The power quality issues and its consequences on the consumer and electric utility were analyzed. The operation of the STATCOM in MATLAB/SIMULINK for maintaining the power quality is simulated. When fault was introduced in the system, it was observed that there was a fall in voltage but within seconds the change in voltage was compensated by the STATCOM. It has the capability to maintain the source voltage and current in phase and supports the reactive power demand for the wind generator and load at PCC in the grid system, thus it enhances the utilization factor of the transmission line. Due to certain limitations and matter of risk, the grid connected wind energy system and its compensation was beyond our limits to establish. Hence, a PWM inverter was implemented in the hardware part. Whenever there is a change in voltage at the input side, the output voltage remains constant.

Renewable energy sources are alternative energy source, can bring new challenges when it is connected to the power grid. When the wind power is connected to an electric grid affects the power quality. The effects of the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operations. The installation of wind turbine with the grid causes power quality problems are determined by studying this paper. For this Static Compensator (STATCOM) with a battery energy storage system (BESS) at the point of common coupling to mitigate the power quality problems. The grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement by using STATCOM-control scheme is simulated using SIMULINK in power system block set. This relives the main supply source from the reactive power demand of the load and the induction generator in this proposed scheme. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. Also The improvement in power quality on the grid has been presented here according to the guidelines specified in IEC-61400 standard (International Electro-technical Commission) provides some norms and measurement

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT- Renewable energy sources are alternative energy source, can bring new challenges when it is connected to the power grid. When the wind power is connected to an electric grid affects the power quality. The effects of the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operations. The installation of wind turbine with the grid causes power quality problems are determined by studying this paper. For this Static Compensator (STATCOM) with a battery energy storage system (BESS) at the point of common coupling to mitigate the power quality problems. The grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement by using STATCOM-control scheme is simulated using SIMULINK in power system block set. This relives the main supply source from the reactive power demand of the load and the induction generator in this proposed scheme. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. Also The improvement in power quality on the grid has been presented here according to the guidelines specified in IEC-61400 standard (International Electro-technical Commission) provides some norms and measurement

Similar to the transmission system cause, weather (lighting, wind, ice), animal contact, contamination of insulators, construction accidents, motor vehicle accidents, falling or contact with tree limbs can result in voltage sags. Such faults may be 3-phase, line-to-line, or single line-to-ground. The 3-phase faults are the most severe, but are relatively unusual. "Single line-to-ground faults on the utility system are the most common cause of voltage sags in an industrial plant". Preliminary results from the IEEE study indicate that most important cause of momentary voltage sags is lightning strikes. In the majority of sags, the voltage drops to about 80% of nominal value on the parallel feeders, while the faulted feeder may have a lower sag value, or may result in an outage if the fault cannot be cleared. Distribution system sags tend to cluster around several duration ranges, based on the fault protection schemes: 6-20 cycles (typical distribution fault clearing times, 30-60 cycles (the instantaneous reclosing time for breakers) or 120-600 cycles (the delayed reclosing time for breakers).A typical distribution substation is show in Figure 4. A fault on the 115KV primary side of the transformer (transmission level) will effect all of the feeders, as the 13.8KV bus voltage will be lowered. A fault on a single feeder will most likely cause an outage to loads on that feeder, as well as sag on the parallel feeders. The closer the fault is to the substation bus, the more of an effect it will have on the parallel feeders.

Asynchronous generators are connected to grid through the power converter and thus the power fluctuations caused by the variation in wind speed are absorbed and compensated by adjusting the generated frequency and the voltage to the grid [5]. The FACTS devices such as Static Var compensator (SVC), a combination of the thyristor-controlled reactors and fixed capacitors (FC-TCR) has made it possible to provide dynamic compensation of reactive power for power systems [6,7]. However, the effective reactive power that SVC can generate depends up on its terminal voltage. Thus due to voltage drop at the terminal bus the maximum reactive power output from SVC is always depressed than required, leading to controller saturation and prolonged response time.

The need to integrate the renewable energy like wind energy into power system is to minimize the environmental impact on conventional plant. The integration of wind energy into existing power system presents requires the consideration of voltage regulation, stability, power quality problems. The power quality is an essential customer-focused measure and is greatly affected by the operation of a distribution and transmission network [1].

A wind turbine utilized for charging batteries might be alluded to as a wind charger[2].The consequence of over a thousand years of windmill advancement and present day designing, the present wind turbines are made in an extensive variety of vertical and even hub sorts. The littlest turbines are utilized for applications, for example, battery charging for assistant power for water crafts or trains or to power movement cautioning signs. Somewhat bigger turbines can be utilized for making little commitments to a household power supply while offering unused power back to the utility provider by means of the electrical grid. Varieties of substantial turbines, known as wind ranches, are turning into an undeniably imperative wellspring of sustainable power source and are utilized by numerous nations as a component of a system to lessen their dependence on non-renewable energy sources. Not at all like the pattern toward huge scale grid connected wind turbines found in the West, the more prompt interest for provincial energy supply in creating nations is for littler machines in the 5 - 100 kW range[3]. These can be connected to little, limited miniaturized scale grid systems and utilized as a part of conjunction with diesel producing sets and additionally sun powered photovoltaic systems (see cross breed systems area later in this reality sheet). Currently, the utilization of wind power for power creation in creating nations is restricted, the principle zone of development

2) GauravTembhurnikar, Ajit Chaudhari, Nilesh Wani, AtulGajare, PankajGajare, “ A Review on Reactive Power Compensation Techniques using FACTS Devices”, International Journal of Engineering and Management ResearchVol.4, Issue-1, February-2014. 3) Ahmed Abu Hussein and Mohd. Hasan Ali, “Comparison among Series Compensators for Fault Ride through Capability Enhancement of Wind Generator Systems”, InternationalJournal Of Renewable Energy Research,Vol.4, No.3, 2014. 4) Shervin Samimian Tehrani, Peyman Salmanpour

Voltage sags is caused by a fault in the utility system, a fault within the customer’s facility or a large increase of the load current, like starting a motor or transformer energizing [2, 3].Voltage sags are one of the most occurring power quality problems. For an industry voltage sags occur more often and cause severe problems and economical losses. Utilities often focus on disturbances from end-user equipment as the main power quality problems [5].

MATLAB/SIMULINK for maintaining the power quality is to be simulated. It has a capability to cancel out the harmonic parts of the load current. It maintains the source voltage and current in-phase and support the reactive power demand for the wind generator and load at PCC in the grid system, thus it gives an opportunity to enhance the utilization factor of transmission line. Thus the integrated wind generation and FACTS device with BESS have shown the outstanding performance in maintaining the voltage profile as per requirement. Thus the proposed scheme in the grid connected system fulfils the power quality requirements and maintains the grid voltage free from distortion and harmonics.

The wind energy generating system is connected with grid having the non-linear load. The performance of the system is measured by switching the STATCOM at time t=0.7s in the system and how the STATCOM responds to the step change command for increase in additional load at 1.0 s is shown in the simulation. When STATCOM controller is made ON , without change in any other load condition parameter, it starts to mitigate for reactive demand as well as harmonic current. This additional demand is fulfil by STATCOM compensator. The simulation proposed control scheme with STATCOM is shown in fig.3. The output of STATCOM is shown in fig.4.The DC link voltage regulates the source current in the grid system, so the DC link voltage is maintained constant across the capacitor. The source current waveform in simulated model is analysed with STATCOM and without STATCOM operation.The below test with proposed scheme has not only power quality improvement feature but it also has sustain capability to support the load with the energy storage through the batteries. The DC link voltage and current through capacitor are shown in fig.5.The source voltage and current at PCC is shown in Fig.6.

The power quality issues can be viewed with respect to the wind generation, transmission and distribution network, such as voltage sag, swells, flickers, harmonics etc. However the wind generator introduces disturbances into the distribution network. One of the simple methods of running a wind generating system is to use the induction generator connected directly to the grid system. The induction generator has inherent advantages of cost effectiveness and robustness. However; induction generators require reactive power for magnetization. When the generated active power of an induction generator is varied due to wind, absorbed reactive power and terminal voltage of an induction generator can be significantly affected. A proper control scheme in wind energy generation system is required under normal operating condition to allow the proper control over the active power production. In the event of increasing grid disturbance, a battery energy storage system for wind energy generating system is generally required to compensate the fluctuation generated by wind turbine. A STATCOM-based control technology has been proposed for improving the power quality which can technically manages the power level associates with the commercial wind turbines. The proposed STATCOM control scheme for grid connected wind energy generation for power quality improvement has following objectives.

A b s tract: Renewable energy sources are elective vitality source, can bring new difficulties when it is associated with the power framework. Created power from wind vitality framework is continually fluctuating because of the changes in the wind. By rules determined in IEC-61400 standard (Worldwide Electro-specialized Commission) gives a few standards and estimations. The execution of the wind turbine, power quality is resolved. The power quality estimations are-the dynamic power, active power, voltage sag, voltage s well, flicker, harmonics, and electrical conduct of switching operation and these are measured by national/international rules. The paper obviously demonstrates the presence of power quality issue because of establishment of wind turbine with the grid. In this STATCOM is utilized with energy storage system (BESS) to decrease the power quality issues. The STATCOM control scheme for the matrix associated wind vitality era framework to enhance the power quality is simulated utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK in power system block set. Key wo rd s : Power Quality, Wind Generating System (WGS), STATCOM, BESS, IEC standard.

To have supportable growth and social progress, it is necessary to fulfill the energy demand by using the renewable energy resources like solar, wind, biomass, hydro, co-generation, etc. in property energy system, energy preservation and therefore the use of renewable source are the important paradigm. The necessity to include the renewable energy like wind energy into power system is to create it potential to minimize the environmental impact on standard power plant [1]. Due to multiplied power demand and environmental concern, wind power generation is immediately growing and wind plants are being integrated to power networks worldwide in massive numbers. Injection of alternative energy into a utility grid results in violation of power quality because of the fluctuating nature of the wind. According to the IEC standard, determination of the power quality is from the performance of wind generators. During this work power quality problem such as voltage variations, flickers, harmonics are demonstrated because of installation of wind turbine with the grid. FACTS devices will be used to overcome these power quality issues. This project proposes the STATCOM control scheme for grid connected wind energy system for power quality improvement. The simulation has been done in MATLAB/Simulink block set. It’s

Power quality is one of major concerns in the present era. It has become important, especially, with the introduction of sophisticated devices, whose performance is very sensitive to the quality of power supply. Power quality problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that results in a failure of end use equipments. One of the major problems deal here is the harmonics reactive power compensation and power factor. The influence of the wind turbine in the grid system concerning the power quality measurements are-the active power, reactive power, variation of voltage, flicker, harmonics, and electrical behavior of switching operation and these are measured according to national/international guidelines. As a promising renewable alternative, the wind power is one of the significant source of generation. Reactive power compensation and harmonic reduction in a low voltage distribution networks for integration of wind power to the grid are the main issues addressed in this paper. The paper study demonstrates the power quality problem due to installation of wind turbine with the grid. In this proposed scheme STATIC COMPENSATOR (STATCOM) is connected at a point of common coupling with a PV energy system to mitigate the power quality issues. The PV energy system is integrated to sustain the real power source under fluctuating wind power. The STATCOM control scheme for the grid connected wind energy generation system for power quality improvement is simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

In order to verify the proposed control approach to achieve multi-objectives for grid interfaced DG systems connected to a 3-phase 4-wire network, an extensive simulation study is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink. A 4-leg current controlled voltage source inverter is actively controlled to achieve balanced sinusoidal grid currents at unity power factor (UPF) despite of highly unbalanced nonlinear load at PCC under varying renewable generating conditions. A RES with variable output power is connected on the dc-link of grid-interfacing inverter. An unbalanced 3- phase 4-wire nonlinear load, whose unbalance, harmonics, and reactive power need to be compensated, is connected on PCC. The waveforms of grid voltage grid currents Positive values of grid active-reactive powers and inverter active- reactive powers imply that these powers flow from grid side towards PCC and from inverter towards PCC, respectively.