CROPS VARIETY TESTING
~
Publ ished by
THE NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE
North Carolina State University at Raleigh and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperating. State College Station, Raleigh, N. C., George Hyatt, Jr., Director. Distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914.
March 1 971 Misc. Extension Publication No. 69
INTRODUCTION
...
1Names and Addresses of Cooperators and Extension Staff .. 3
Map of Test Locations 4
Geographical Information on 1970 Test Sites 5
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 7
WINTER ANNUAL GRASSES 11
Results and Discussion... 11
Agencies Sponsoring Entries... 13
Coastal Plains, Beaufort County Location
Dry Forage Yields 14
Crude Protein Percent 15
Crude Protein Pounds Per Acre 16
Coastal Plains Long-Term Averages on Dry Forage Yield
and Protein 17
Piedmont, Cleveland County Location
Dry Forage Yields .
Crude Prate in Percent .
Crude Protein Pounds Per Acre .
Piedmont Long-Term Averages of Dry Forage Yield and
Protein .
SUMMER ANNUAL GRASSES .
Results and Discussion · · · ·
Agencies Sponsoring Entries .
Coastal Plains, Columbus County Location
Dry Forage Yield .
Crude and Digestible Protein Percent . Dry Forage Yield, Crude Protein, Digestible Protein
Total Digestible Nutrients and Estimated Net Energy
18 19
20
21
22
22
24
25 26
Dry Forage Yields 28
Crude and Digestible Protein Percent 29
Dry Forage Yield, Crude Protein, Digestible Protein,
Total Digestible Nutrients and Estimated Net Energy 30
Coastal Plains Long-Term Averages of Dry Forage Yield,
Crude Protein and Total Digestible Nutrients. 31
Piedmont, Rockingham County Location
Dry Forage Yie Ids 32
Crude and Digestible Protein Percent .. 33
Dry Forage Yields, Crude Protein, Digestible Protein
Total Digestible Nutrients and Estimated Net Energy 34
Piedmont, Chatham County Location
Dry Forage Yields 35
Crude and Digestible Protein Percent 36
Dry Forage Yields, Crude Protein, Digestible Protein,
Total Digestible Nutrients and Estimated Net Energy 37
Piedmont Long-Term Averages of Dry Forage Yield, Crude
Protein and Total Digestible Nutrients 38
PERENNIAL FORAGES 39
Results and Discussion... 39
Agencies Sponsoring Entries 41
Alfalfa - Piedmont, Rowan County Location
Dry Forage Yield 42
Long-Term Averages of Dry Forage Yield 43
Dry Forage Yield 44
Dry Forage Yie ld 45
Long-Term Average of Dry Forage Yield 46
Alfalfa - Mountains, Ashe County Location
Dry Forage Yield 47
Dry Forage Yield 48
Dry Forage Yield 50
Long-Term Average of Dry Forage Yield .. 51
Red Clover - Mountains, Ashe County Location
Dry Forage Yield 52
APPENDIX
List of Appendix Tables .. 53
INTRODUCTION
EVALUATION OF FORAGE CROPS VARIETIES IN NORTH CAROLINA
1970
New varieties and hybrids of forages are constantly being released
from both public and private sources. The purpose of this publication
is to present comparative data on the various forages tested in North
Carolina.
The varieties tested may be classed into three major groups:
winter annual grasses including rye, wheat, oats, barley and ryegrasses;
summer annual grasses including the sorghum sudan hybrids, pearl millets,
and sudangrass; and perennial forages such as alfalfa, ladino, and red
clovers. Silage information is included in Research Reports on field
crops variety tests.
All varieties were managed on a multiple-cut system with most
varie-ties being clipped four or more times to simulate as nearly as possible
grazing or haying conditions.
The types of information gathered and presented varies from one
species to another. Dry matter yields, however, are considered one of
the major factors in comparing forages and, thus, is reported on all
forages tested. Crude protein is reported for grasses grown in pure stand
Values for crude fiber and the appropriate conversion to total digestive
nutrients and estimated net energy are given on sorghum-sudangrass hybrids
and pearl millets.
Weather-gathering instruments were not available at the exact test
sites. However, climatological data are presented from stations nearest
a given test and are given in the appendix. In most cases these reporting
Long-term yield averages are given for entries which have been
tested for more than one year. In order to properly evaluate a
variety for anyone area, data taken for more than one year is desirable.
Some experimental lines are sponsored through the Agricultural
Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, Maryland; institutions, and privately
owned companies. These lines are not available on the common market.
All entries from privately owned companies are on a fee basis, whether
they are experimental lines or lines offered for sale in North Carolina.
All varieties, however, are from certified sources or from sources
which would be able to verify the origin. This gives assurance as to
the purity of the entries tested and results reported here could likely
be reproduced.
Some of the winter and summer annual tests were conducted on private
farms. The perennial tests were located on state owned experiment
stations. Cooperators are listed in Table 1. The Forage Variety Testing
Program expresses appreciation to these individuals and to the County
Extension Agents and their staff for their assistance in conducting
these tests.
Statistical analyses and most other computations were made in the
Statistical Laboratory and Computing Center at North Carolina State
University. Supervision of these operations was by Dr. John O. Rawlings
TABLE 1. Names and addresses of cooperators and extension staff in 1969-70 North Carolina Forage Variety Tests.
Winter Annual Grasses
Charles Bridges
Zeno Ratcliff
Summer Annual Grasses
Howell
o.
Gentry, Jr.Watson Jones
Jordon Bros. Farms
Robert Straughn
Perennial Forages
Henry V. Marshall, Jr.
Clyde Z. McSwain
Dana F. Tugman
Address
Polksville, N. C. Cleveland County
Pantego, N. C. Beaufort County
Route 3
Reidsville, N. C.
Willow Springs, N. C. Wake County
Whiteville, N. C. Columbus County
Pittsboro, N. C. Chatham
Raleigh, N. C. Wake County
Salisbury, N. C. Rowan
Laurel Springs, N. C. Ashe
Extension Staff or Experiment Station
H. W. Dameron J. C. Barber
M. P. Chesnutt R. M. Pilch
Upper Piedmont Research Station
G. W. Miller, Jr. L. C. Laney
C. D. Raper D. W. Baker C. R. Campbell
John Cooper K. E. Vaughan
University Research Farms
Piedmont Research Station
II
Winter Annual Grasses- Summer Annual Grasses
11 Alfalfa
~ Red Clover
~ Whi te Clover
Crop
Winter Annual Grasses
Winter Annual Grasses
Summer Annual Grasses
~l1mmp""
/\..---Location
Zeno Ratcliff Farm, Pantego, N. C. Tidewater, Coastal Plains,
Beaufort County Approx. Elev. 20 feet
Charles Bridges Farm, Polkville South-Western Piedmont
Cleveland County
Approx. Elev. 1000 feet
Jordon Bros. Farm, Whiteville, N. C. Southern Coastal Plains
Columbus County Approx. Elev. 60 feet
1"1 .!_~"...
Soil
Bayboro-Muck Association, Organic soil with gray silt loam subsoils.
Cecil-Lloyd Association, Light red clay loam with firm, thick red clay subsoils.
Dunbar-Lynchburg Association, Gray sandy loam surface soil with yellow muttled with gray, friable subsoils.
l\1",_~",11,._'R"C't-"nAssociation, Light
Length of Growi ng Season
216 Days
200 Days
218 Days
210 Days
Average Annual Rainfall
52 inches
46 inches
50 inches
46 inches
Alfalfa Red Clover
Central Piedmont, Rowan County Approx. Elev. 800 feet
Upper Mountain Research Station Laurel Springs, North Carolina Northern Mountains, Ashe County Approx.-Elev. 800 feet
firm red clay, thick subsoil.
Clifton-Porters Association,
brownish-red loam soils containing a small amount of mica; dark
moderately firm clay loam subsoils.
EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
Generally accepted research techniques for small-plot design
experiments were employed on all tests. Fertilization, seeding rates,
dates, and other cultural information of a given test are listed with the
table which gives dry matter yields by harvests for that test.
Unless the reader is directly interested in the experimental details,
he may desire to continue with the Results and Discussion Section.
A randomized complete block with at least four replications was
used for each test. In each case, the replication x entry-number exceeded
forty.
Plot length varied from 15 to 20 feet. The width of plots for sod
crops such as ladino clover was four feet. Alfalfa, red clover and summer
annual grass plots were 2~ feet wide. Replications and/or ranges were
separated by not less than 2~ feet and all tests were bordered by
material either identical or comparable to that included in the test.
Exceptions were two alfalfa weevil resistance tests which were bordered
with fescue.
In tests which included different species with major differences in
seasonal productivity, borders were maintained between varieties. In
such tests, harvest strips for yields were taken from a center portion
of each variety plot. Where major seasonal differences between varieties
were not a factor, the entire plot was harvested for yields.
Cultural practices were in accord with sound research techniques with
Winter annual grasses were seeded in rows seven inches apart and alfalfa
and red clover in rows nine inches apart with a push type Planet Jr. seeder
which was calibrated for each variety. The white clover was broadcast.
The summer annual grasses were seeded in rows seven inches apart with a
four-row plot seeder equipped with a seed divider. Seed was measured for
each plot after a weight/volume had been established for each variety
and divided four ways before being deposited in the furrow. Seeding
rates for all tests conducted were adjusted to 100 percent germination
as determined by the Seed Testing Laboratory at N. C. State University.
Seeding dates for various tests are shown on tables which show
seasonal yields for a given test. In general perennials and winter
annuals were seeded in September for the Piedmont and Coastal Plain
areas and in August for the Mountains. Summer annuals were seeded in
late April and early May for all locations.
Standard practices were employed in seed bed preparation and
ferti-lization and were the same for all entries in a given test. No
culti-vation was done at any location but hand roguing was used in the white
clover test at Raleigh to eliminate volunteer fescue and plantain.
Crabgrass became a problem late in the season on the Coastal Plain tests
of summer annual grasses.
The number of harvests made on the different tests varied from three
on the perennials at Laurel Springs to six on the summer annuals at
Whiteville. Alfalfa was cut as for hay but a simulated grazing management
Two types of machines were used to harvest plots. A self-propelled,
flail knife chopper designed especially for small plot work was used
to harvest tests which were seeded in drilled rows. These were the
alfalfa, red clover, summer annual grasses and winter annual grasses.
Wheels of the machine were spaced such that they straddled the harvest
rows and the stubble was not damaged. The ladino clover test which was
broadcast was harvested with a rotary lawn mower. The height in inches
of stubble left after harvesting was as follows: alfalfa and red clover,
3; other perennials and the winter annual grasses, 2~; and summer annual
grasses, 6.
Harvesting procedure included drying either the whole sample or a
subsample from all of the plots. Subsampling was necessary due to the
bulk of material being handled and shortage of drying space. When
subsamples were used, all the plots in a test were subsampled.
o
Samples were dried in a forced air dryer at 160 Fahrenheit. Moisture
remaining in the samples from the summer grass tests was determined to
be from five to nine percent. Extreme variations did not exist for most
harvests and no attempt was made to standardize dry weight yields to a
constant moisture level. Moisture remaining in samples from other tests
was assumed to be less than ten percent.
Chemical data were gathered from all of the summer annual grass
tests. Crude protein determinations were made on two replications of
all harvests. Crude fiber and moisture was determined from a composite
After drying, the samples were ground through a hammer mill and a
representative portion of the sample was taken before grinding through
a Wiley Mill.
The A.O.A.C. method was used to determine crude fiber percent.
Nitrogen was determined by the Kjeldahl Process. Formulae for computing
various chemical values were: digestible protein percent
=
(0.93 x CP)- 3.32, total digestible nutrients percent
=
79.40 - (0.69 x CF) andestimated net energy percent
=
75.97 - (0.96 x CF). Crude protein wascalculated as percent nitrogen multiplied by 6.25. Crude fiber and crude
WINTER ANNUAL GRASSES
The small grains and ryegrasses serve as an important part of the
winter feeding program on many farms in North Carolina. Since silage
is one of the primary winter feeds, these are of particular importance
in supplying supplemental energy and protein for silage fed animals.
Their period of maximum production occurs in the early spring when feed
supplies are generally short, therefore, farmers should carefully consider
a small grain or ryegrass or a mixture of the two in their feeding program.
Sponsoring agencies for the winter annual crops are given in
Table 3.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Forage yields varied considerably within the two winter annual tests.
Relative ranking among varieties differed somewhat for the geographical
regions. The Coastal Plain test shows yields ranging from 6184 for
Wintergrazer 70 experimental rye to 1004 pounds per acre for Ora oats
(Table 4). In the Piedmont locations the same varieties had a range of
6402 for T-E Gro-Green rye to 2494 pounds per acre for Ora oats (Table 8).
We must take into consideration that yields for the ryegrasses vary greatly
between the two locations. This is due to no harvests being made in the
Coastal Plain after May 7. After this date in the Piedmont, the ryegrasses
yielded approximately one ton of dry matter.
Seasonal yield should be considered in making any decision on
·varieties or species. Generally the ryes, oats, wheat and barley have
production earlier than the ryegrasses and are gone earlier in the
would be needed for the next crop in a double-cropping program. The
ryegrasses would be producing a substantial amount of forage for
approximately 45 days later.
Some differences did exist in percent crude protein (Tables 5 and 9)
and crude protein per acre (Tables 6 and 10). Howe'ver, the percentage
crude protein is dependent upon nitrogen status of the soil, rainfall
and yield. The crude protein per acre is especially dependent upon
yield (Tables 6, ~ 10 and 11). Before using crude protein as a criteria
for selecting between species one should weigh this factor against the
other performance factors. The significant thing is that during the
winter period these crops will supply a considerable amount of protein
needed in animal nutrition.
Ryegrass as well as other species may at times become a pest since
it volunteers readily. This is especially true in the Piedmont.
Infestation by ryegrass in alfalfa and cultivated crops have been a
problem to some in the past. Herbicides can now be used effectively
to reduce this problem and one should consider using these high
producing winter annual grasses. Check the latest North Carolina
TABLE 3. Name, address and variety designations of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1969-70 Winter Grass Test.
Name
Acco Seed
Coker's Pedigree Seed Co.
DeKa1b Ag. Research, Inc.
McNair Seed Company
Pennington Grain &Seed, Inc.
Taylor-Evans Seed Company
Agri. Research Service, USDA
N. C. Agri. Extension Service
Address
P. O. Box 1630 Plainview, Texas
Hartsville South Carolina
Wichita, Kansas
Laurinburg North Carolina
P. O. Box 290
Madison, Georgia 30650
Tulia, Texas
Beltsville, Maryland
Raleigh, N. C.
Variety Designation
Acco 811 (Rye)
Coker's 66-22 (Oat)
DeKalb G3 (Exp. Wheat)
McNair Vita-Graze (Rye) McNair 6902 (Exp. Rye)
Fla. Rust Resistant Ryegrass Wintergrazer (Rye)
Wintergrazer 70* Wintergrazer A*
*Experimental Ryes
T-E Gro-Green (Rye)
Commercial Annual FC 39,579 Commercial Perennial Fe 39,964 Astor Annual FC 39,825
Gulf Annual FC 39,886 Magnolia Annual FC 39,431 Mich, Exp. Annual FC 39,092 Mich. 4N Al10tetra FC 39,091
(Ryegrasses)
Cert. N. C. Abruzzi rye Cert. Blueboy Wheat Cert. Wakeland Wheat Cert. Colonial 2 Barley Cert. Carolee Oat
Cert. Ora Oat
TABLE
4.
FVT 76 Winter annual grasses, dry forage yields Coastal Plains, Beaufort County, 1969-70.1/
Pounds Per Acre Dry
Forage-11/25 1/15
Harvest Dates
3/2 3/26 4/15 5/7 Total
Rye
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.) T-E Gro Green
McNair 6902 (Exp.) Acco 811 (Exp.) E1bon
Wintergrazer N. C. Abruzzi Vitagraze
Wintergrazer A (Exp.)
Oat Coker 66-22 Ora Ryegrasses Gulf Annual Magnolia Annual Commercial Perennial Commercial Annual Florida Rust Resistant Mich. 4n Allotetra Astor Annual
Mich. Exp. Annual
L.S.D. (.05) (.01) 532 312 797 682 509 553 652 628 624 214 120 511 125 165 375 208 469 537 537 539 505 495 548 268 147 421 102 135 1102 563 784 565 837 972 1093 951 741 845 274 359 2385 2405 2266 1965 1924 1742 1727 1713 1646 1383 537 609 855 549 665 851 590 366 453 1296 275 362
494
1291 421 567 605 482 357499
563 2099 736 1863 1636 1314 1400 1416 841 887 703 957 337442
1296 1333 1195 1325 1218 1250 995 1012 1010 2028 1465 2846 2578 3015 2142 1863 1763 1930 1929 1694 482 634 6184 6111 5930 5639 5631 5538 5328 5298 5132 5991 3004 5318 5069 4876 4207 4130 3194 3183 3085 4887 755 992l/Average of five replications.
Due to severe winter damage to wheat, barley and Carolee Oats, these entries were excluded from these data.
Seeded October 7, 1969 at rate of 3 bu/acre for small grains and 30 pounds per acre for ryegrasses. Fertilized at rate of 500 pounds 10-10-10 per acre at
TABLE 5. FVT 76 Winter annual grasses, crude protein percent. Coastal Plains, Beaufort County - 1969-70.
Percent Crude Protein By Dates-1/
Entry 11/25 1/15
Average
3/2 3/26 4/15 5/7 Protein
Rye
Wintergrazer 70 (Expt.) 29.0 28.5 25.8 21.5 28.7 20.8 23.8
T-E Gro Green 20.6 26.3 26.0 19.9 25.8 20.9 22.1
McNair 6902 (Exp. ) 28.0 24.0 22.3 21.2 31.2 20.0 23.1
Acco 811 26.5 26.3 24.7 19.8 30.1 17.5 22.0
Elbon 28.5 24.3 22.5 22.8 28.0 19.3 23.1
Wintergrazer 29.5 28.2 26.3 23.5 28.0 18.2 24.5
N. C. Abruzzi 24.5 26.8 24.8 24.0 27.3 18.5 23.5
Vitagraze 29.2 26.4 23.6 22.8 28.0 19.7 23.9
Wintergrazer A (Exp. ) 29.8 26.0 23.9 21.4 27.0 15.6 22.6
Oat
Coker 66-22 27.5 24.5 22.9 19.5 14.2 19.5
Ora 22.3 23.9 28.8 30.0 19.6 23.4
Ryegrass
Gulf Annual 22.8 20.6 19.4 20.2
Magnolia Annual 25.1 21.0 14.5 18.4
Commercial Perennial 23.9 19.9 13.0 16.2
Commercial Annual 24.1 22.8 17.6 20.1
Florida Rust Resistant 24.3 25.8 16.9 21.3
Mich. 4n Allotetra 23.8 26.5 25.0 25.2
Astor Annual 25.9 24.8 20.7 22.6
Mich. Exp. Annual 24.3 29.8 21.7 23.5
~ of Test 26.8 25.9 24.4 23.3 26.0 18.6 22.1
L.S.D. ( .05) 5.0 2.1 2.8 4.5 4.7 3.9 2.7
(.01) 7.1 2.9 4.0 6.2 6.5 5.3 3.6
TABLE 6. FVT 76 Winter annual grasses, crude protein per acre. Co~stal Plains, Beaufort County - 1969-70.
1/
Pounds Crude Protein Per
Acre-11/25 1/15 3/2 3/26 4/15
Total 5/7 Crude Protein
Rye
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.) T-E Gro Green
McNair 6902 (Exp.) Acco 811 (Exp.) Elbon
Wintergrazer N. C. Abruzzi Vitagraze
Wintergrazer A (Exp.)
Oat Coker 66-22 Ora Ryegrass Gulf Annual Magnolia Annual Commercial Perennial Commercial Annual Florida Rust Resistant Mich. 4n Allotetra Astor Annual
Mich Exp. Annual
L.S.D. (.05) (.01) 165 57 240 174 138 179 147 214 173 63 27 143 66 94 120 43 109 118 92 161 122 144 142 73 41 34 48 329 165 140 142 176 245 328 215 179 213 129 188 511 501 464 402 478 393 390 389 379 329 153 156 200 190 163 207 140 110 114 103 141 134 318 141 162 112 155 117 129 125 418 154 426 356 229 287 306 255 267 146 119 163 276 280 236 226 212 178 232 169 155 225 286 532 338 423 434 303 438 389 387 301 135 185 1536 1363 1330 1224 1208 1310 1336 1260 1154 1108 660 1113 895 842 884 815 833 766 647 281 384 1/
TABLE 7. Winter annual grasses, long-term averages of dry forage yield and
protein. Coastal Plains
Dry Forage Yield and Crude Protein In Pounds Per Acre
1/
1970 1 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
1969-70 2 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
1968-69-70 3 yr. avg. Crude
Yield Protein
1967-68-69-70 4 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
Rye
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.) T-E Gro Green
McNair 6902 (Exp.)
Acco 811 (Exp.)
E1bon
Wintergrazer N. C. Abruzzi Vitagraze
Wintergrazer A (Exp.)
Oat Coker 66-22 Ora Ryegrasses Gulf Annual Magnolia Annual Commercial Perennial Commercial Annual Florida Rust Resistant Mich. 4n A1lotetra Astor Annual
Mich. Exp. Annual
6184 6111 5930 5639 5631 5538 5328 5298 5132 5991 3004 5318 5069 4876 4207 4130 3194 3183 3085 1536 1363 1330 1224 1208 1310 1336 1260 1154 1108 660 1113 895 842 884 815 833 766 647 6758 6227 5934 6179 6240 4657 4932 3920 4935 1473 1203 1183 1257 1143 806 974 840 906 6381 5982 6360 6312 6992 4825 4444 5634 4930 956 1117 1197 984 626 725 766 545 788 4056 4203 5420 5927 6249 6638 6680 5681 959 905 1064 1153 1038 1321 1130 1206
TABLE 8. FVT 7S Winter Bnnual grasses, dry forage yields. Piedmont Clevelarrd County - 1970
1/
Pounds Per Acre Dry
Forage-Varieties
T-E Gro Green
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.)
McNair ~902 (Exp.)
Acco 811 (Exp.) Vita Graze
Wintergrazer A (Exp.) N. C. Abruzzi
Wintergrazer
Wheat
DeKalb G-3 (Exp.) Wakeland B1ueboy Barley Colonial 2 Oat Coker 66-22 Caro1ee Ora Ryegrass 2/12 140 548 444 738 738 716 867 805 416 206 3/11 871 1301 1385 1268 1513 1404 1409 1160 125 1188 847 1035 206 180 156 4/7 3390 2057 2343 1777 1721 1378 1289 1590 2355 1616 2569 3306 2009 1976 1155 1969-70 Harvests 5/2 5/20 2000 2280 1809 2071 1810 1944 1770 1668 2986 1836 1268 1157 2249 1622 1183 6/15 Total For Year 6402 6186 5981 5853 5782 5442 5335 5223 5466 5057 4890 5498 4464 3778 2494 Gulf Annual Commercial Annual Mich. Exp. Annual Magnolia Annual Mich. 4n Allotetra Astor Annual
Florida Rust Resistant Commercial Perennial
Mean of Test
-L.S.D. (.05)
( . 01)
562 272 367 605 423 617 591 322 240 888 132 777 254 334 2410 2382 2045 2578 1769 1834 1491 1241 2012 422 555 2946 2781 2552 2778 2669 2523 2854 3535 2187 409 538 864 1017 1354 1004 1333 1282 796 773 1053 274 373 1036 1249 1172 775 1329 1175 677 678 1011 208 284 7861 7852 7740 7726 7423 7054 6705 6360 5940 560 736 1/
- Average of four replications.
Seeded Spetember 30, 1969 at rate of 3 bu/Acre for small grains and 30 pounds per acre
for ryegrasses; no mineral fertilizer as per soil test. Seventy pounds N per acre at
seeding, 450 pounds 10-20-20 per acre March 11, 1970. Forty-five pounds N per acre
after each harvest beginning April 7'. Possible late fall harvest destroyed by cattle.
TABLE 9. FVT 75 Winter annual grasses crude protein percent.
Cleveland County - 1970 Piedmont
Percent Crude Protein By Dates
1/
Entry
Rye
T-E Gro Green
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.) McNair 6902 (Exp.)
Acco 811 (Exp.)
Vita Graze
Wintergrazer A (Exp.) N. C. Abruzzi
Wintergrazer
~
DeKalb G-3 (Exp.) Wakeland Blueboy Barley Colonial 2 Oat Coker 66-22 Carolee Ora 2/12 21.0 22.6 21.8 23.1 21.0 22.0 21.9 20.5 23.2 20.9 3/11 25.0 24.6 21.3 24.6 22.4 22.5 23.8 23.2 24.1 24.2 20.7 23.5 22.3 22.7 20.0 4/7 18.8 16.8 17.7 20.5 17.0 17.8 20.7 18.4 21.0 19.2 19.8 18.5 17.4 19.3 19.5 5/2 12.0 13.4 12.8 13.3 13.8 12.2 15.9 14.2 13.7 12.5 14.9 15.3 12.3 12.3 13.5 5/20 Average 6/15 Percent 17.6 17.7 17.5 19.2 17.6 17.8 20.1 18.5 17.1 18.1 18.8 18.7 15.0 15.9 16.6 Ryegrass Gulf An~ua1 Commercial Annual Mich. Exp. Annual Magnolia Annual Mich. 4n Al10tetra . Astor Annual
Florida Rust Resistant Commercial Perennial
Mean of Test
L.S.D. (.05) (.01) 21.8 3.0 4.4 21.7 24.6 24.2 22.5 22.4 21.8 23.2 20.7 22.9 2.4 3.3 17.2 18.0 17.3 16.5 18.6 18.2 18.5 19.5 18.5 3.2 4.4 12.6 11.6 13.9 12.6 14.6 14.5 12.2 13.0 13.3 2.8 3.8 18.7 17.0 17.8 19.9 19.3 19.8 18.8 20.8 19.0 7.9 11.6 14.4 15.3 13.7 13.1 16.4 14.5 12.6 17.4 14.7 2.9 4.3 15.9 15.6 16.1 15.5 17.1 16.5 16.0 15.8 17.2 1.9 2.6
1/
Cleveland County - 1970
. 1/ Pounds Per Acre Crude
Prote1n-Total
Entry 2/12 3/11 4/7 5/2 5/20 6/15 Crude Protein
Rye
T-E Gro Green 36 221 627 241 1125
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.) 160 324 386 297 1143
McNair 6902 (Exp.) 78 333 393 216 1021
Acco 811 (Exp. ) 205 327 361 281 1175
Vita Graze 140 319 309 252 1021
Wintergrazer A (Exp. ) 149 341 243 212 946
N. C. Abruzzi 196 351 267 294 1108
Wintergrazer 136 255 320 217 951
Wheat
DeKalb G-3 (Exp. ) 30 496 426 952
Wakeland 94 284 344 238 961
B1ueboy 52 189 509 178 928
Barley
Colonial 2 242 646 192 1080
Oat
Coker 66-22 45 353 272 671
Carolee 51 307 226 584
Ora 22 212 160 394
Ryegrass
Gulf Annual 162 421 336 158 152 1230
Commercial Annual 106 467 315 172 191 1252
Mich. Exp. Annual 94 370 352 243 158 1217
Magnolia Annual 109 437 360 191 105 1203
Mich. 4n Al10tetra 80 286 399 262 214 1242
Astor Annual 51 324 390 221 195
1182
Florida Rust Resistant 200 296 332 140 82 1050
Commercial Perennial 18 275 513 157 145 1108
Mean of Test 125 181 376 291 193
155 1024
L.S.D. (.05) 127 85 123 98 83
56 191
(.01) 182 116 167 137 123
-83 259
1/
TABLE 11. Winter annual grasses, long-term averages of forage yield and protein. Piedmont
Dry Forage Yield and Crude Protein In Pounds Per Acre
11
1970 1 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
1969-70
2 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
1968-69-70 3 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
1967-68-69-70
4 yr. avg.
Crude
Yield Protein
Rye
T-E Gro Green
Wintergrazer 70 (Exp.)
McNair 6902 (Exp.)
Acco 811 (ExP·)
Vita Graze
Wintergrazer A (Exp.)
N. C. Abruzzi Wintergrazer
Wheat
DeKalb G-3 (Exp.)
Wakeland Blueboy Barley Colonial 2 Oat Coker 66-22 Caro1ee Ora Ryegrass Gulf Annual Commercial Annual
Mich. Exp. Annual
Magnolia Annual Mich. 4n Al10tetra Astor Annual
Florida Rust Resistant Commercial Perennial 6402 6186 5981 5853 5782 5442 5335 5223 5446 5057 4890 5498 4464 3778 2494 7861 7852 7740 7726 7423 7054 6705 6360 1125 1143 1021 1175 1021 946 1108 951 952 961 928 1080 671 584 394 1230 1252 1217 1203 1242 1182 1050 1108 6335 6420 5937 6278 5686 5439 4882 7511 6755 6862 6034 5398 1179 1137 1069 1180 1046 922 838 1202 1158 1190 1044 938 6174 5723 5950 5449 5660 4832 7113 6896 6822 6109 1138 1078 1145 1063 1021 886 1200 1174 1217 1113 5837 5320 5513 6849 6962 1109 1035 1085 1200 1289
SUMMER ANNUAL GRASSES
The pearl millets, sorghum-sudangrass hybrids and sudangrasses like
the winter annuals are special purpose crops and serve as an important
source of feed when other pasture crops are in short supply. Their
period of maximum production is during the summer months when the
main cool season grasses used for pasture are low in production.
In using these crops, careful attention should be given to
manage-ment. They require relatively high amounts of fertilizer for high
pro-duction. They should be grazed or chopped beginning at 16 to 24 inches
of growth to a stubble height to six to eight inches in order to insure
quality forage and adequate regrowth.
Sponsoring agencies of the entries in the test are shown in Table 12.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The data presented in Tables 13 through 26 are summaries of the
information gathered on various characters relative to summer annual
grasses grown at four locations in 1970--two in the Piedmont and two in the
Coastal Plains. These data include: dry forage yield, crude protein percent,
crude fiber percent, digestible protein percent, total digestible nutrients
and estimated net energy. Two, three and four year averages are given
for varieties which have been tested for more than one consecutive year
(Tables 19 and 26).
Dry forage yields on combined location summary of entries in the
Coastal Plain ranged from 7.41 to 6.11 tons/acre for the pearl millets
and from 5.49 to 4.90 tons/acre for the sorghum-sudan hybrids (Table 19).
lowest sorghum-sudan hybrid.
The combined location summary of entries in the Piedmont shows adaptation
of the species to be quite different from that of the Coastal Plains (Table 26)
The range was from 4.06 to 2.91 tons/acre for the sorghum-sudan hybrids;
from 3.76 to 2.80 tons/acre for the pearl millets and from 3.74 to 2.72
tons/acre for the sudangrasses.
Both the crude and the digestible protein percent of these species did
differ to Some extent (Tables 14, 17, 21 and 24). However, the protein
content is dependent upon the nitrogen status of the soil, rainfall and
yield. The crude protein per acre increases significantly as dry forage
yield increases (Tables 15, 18, 22 and 25). The significant thing is that
during the summer period these crops will supply considerable amounts of
protein.
Some differences do exist in the percent crude fiber, percent total
digestive nutrients (TDN) and the percent estimated net energy (ENE) of
these summer annual crops (Tables 15, 18, 22 and 25). TDN and ENE per
acre increase considerably with increased dry forage yield and should
be taken into account when maximum energy production per acre is desired.
No attempt is made to specify the superiority of any variety or
species. The long-term averages should have more bearing in making a
decision in selecting a variety than the data from one location and
one year as they have been tested under more diverse conditions. Factors
in addition to dry forage yield should be considered in making a selection
TABLE 12. Name, address and variety designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1970 Summer Annual Simulated Grazing Trial.
Name
Aceo Seed
Asgrow Seed Company
Ca1/West Seeds
Coker's Pedigreed Seed Co.
Cotton Hybrid Research, Inc.
DeKalb Ag. Research, Inc.
Farmers Forage Research
McNair Seed Company
Pioneer Corn Company, Inc.
Agri. Research Service, USDA
Address
P. O. Box 1630
Plainview, Texas 79072
1216 Logan Circle Atlanta, Georgia
P. O. Box 1428
Woodland, California 95695
Hartsville, S. C.
Box 290
Madison, Georgia
Route 2
Lubbock, Texas
Route 2, Box 290
Lafayette, Indiana
Box 716
Laurinburg, N. C.
Tipton, Indiana 46072
Beltsville, Maryland
Variety Designation
Sweet Sioux II Sweet Sioux III X-8803 (Exp.)
Asgrow Grazer A
Monarch Hybrid Sudangrass
Coker's Chop Chewy
Sununergrazer Hyegrazer Millet Milgrazer Millet
Sudax SX 16 Sudax ST 6
FFR 66
McNair 71l-A
Pioneer 988
Gahi I t~illet
TABLE 13. FVT 77 Summer annual grasses simulated grazing trials, dry forage yields. Coastal Plains, Columbus County - 1970
Tons Per Acre Dry Forage!1
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrids
6/3 6/25 7/14
Harvest Dates
8/5 8/31 9/30
Total For Year
SX-16
Sweet Sioux III Summergrazer McNair 7ll-A ST-6
Grazer A Chop Chewy
Acco X8803 (Exp.)
Sweet Sioux II
Pearl Millet Hyegrazer Gahi 1 Mi1grazer Starr Sudangrass Cumberland Greenleaf L.S.D. (.05) (.01) 1.47 1.42 1.24 1.26 1.29 1.39 1.22 1.28 1.19 1.21 1.45 1.44 1.30 .96 .85 .18 .23 .76 .83 .77 .74 .70 .72 .79 1.11 .87 1.62 1.31 1.37 1.18 .84 1.00 .97 .30 .40 1.45 1.29 1.38 1.40 1.28 1.16 1.26 1.30 1.20 1.04 1.38 1.08 1.05 1.16 1.09 1.23 .26 .34 1.62 1.60 1.61 1.72 1.59 1.65 1.68 1.62 1.47 1.97 1.96 2.05 1.79 1.63 1.57 .26 .34 .52 .49 .47 .47 .50 .52 .48 .33 .50 1.00 .49 .47 .37 .50 .32 .18 .23 1.47 1.40 1.48 1.33 1.52 1.40 1.28 1.06 1.17 1.37 1.33 1.29 .93 1.07 .78 .27 .36 7.30 7.03 6.95 6.92 6.89 6.84 6.70 6.69 6.40 8.21 7.93 7.70 6.60 6.16 5.61 ~ .54 .71
l/Average of five replications.
Seeded April 28, 1970 at rate of: Sorghum Sudan Hybrids - 40 pounds per acre
Millet - 25 pounds per acre
Sudangrass - 30 pounds per a~re
Fertilization: 750 pounds 3-9-18 per acre broadcast at seeding.
6/3 6/25 7/14 8/5 8/31 9/30
Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest
Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein
Entry % % % % % % % % % % % %
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
SX-16 18.9 14.2 15.4 11.0 18.1 13.5 15.3 10.9 14.3 10.0 11.4 7.3
Sweet Sioux III 15.9 11.5 19.7 15.0 17.6 13.0 15.2 10.8 14.9 10.5 12.9 8.7
Summergrazer 17.4 12.8 17.7 13.1 17.8 13.2 15.0 10.6 16.4 11.9 11.1 7.0
McNair 711-A 18.6 13.9 18.0 13.4 19.2 14.5 13.0 8.8 15.7 11.2 12.2 8.0
ST-6 18.8 14.2 14.9 10.5 15.7 11.2 14.3 10.0 14.8 10.4 10.4 6.4
Grazer A 17.7 13.1 18.0 13.4 17.8 13.3 15.8 11.3 14.9 10.5 12.3 8.1
Chop Chewy 19.1 14.5 17.9 13.3 18.5 13.9 15.0 10.6 16.7 12.2 12.3 8.1
Acco X8803 (Exp.) 15.8 11.4 18.8 14.1 17.6 13.0 13.9 9.6 16.0 11.6 14.4 10.1 c-N
Sweet Sioux II 17.4 12.9 19.8 15.1 19.4 14.7 14.7 10.3 15.8 11.3 11.2 7.1
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 16.7 12.2 14.3 10.0 19.0 14.4 14.6 10.3 14.4 10.1 14.3 10.0
Gahi 18.0 13.4 14.7 10.3 17.9 13.4 13.3 9.1 17.3 12.8 7.2 3.4
Mi1grazer 17.0 12.5 14.2 9.9 18.8 14.2 12.9 8.7 16.9 12.4 7.3 3.5
Starr 17.8 13.2 13.8 9.5 17.7 13.1 15.2 10.8 18.2 13.6 18.0 13.4
Sudangrass
Cumberland 17.0 12.5 17.9 13.4 15.7 11.2 16.3 11.8 15.3 10.9 13.8 9.5
Greenleaf 19.8 15.1 19.1 14.4 19.8 15.1 18.9 14.3 17.9 13.3 14.7 10.3
Mean of Test 17.7 13.2 16.9 12.4 18.0 13.4 14.9 10.5 15.9 11.5 12.2 ~
L.S.D. (.05) .7 .6 4.5 4.2 2.6 2.4 1.5 1.3 1.7 1.6 8.0 7.4
(.01) 1.0 .9 6.3 5.8 3.6 3.3 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.2 11.0 10.3
Columbus County - 1970
Digestible Crude Total Digestible Estimated
Dry Weight Crude Protein Protein Fiber Nutrients Net Energy
Entry Tons/Acre % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre % % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
SX-16 7.30 15.8 2376 11.3 1709 29.2 59.3 8943 48.0 7242
Sweet Sioux III 7.30 15.7 2301 11.3 1653 29.7 58.9 8646 47.5 6965
Sumrnergrazer 6.95 15.6 2315 11.2 1661 30.3 58.5 8663 46.9 6946
McNair 7llA 6.92 15.9 2260 11.5 1630 30.1 58.6 8333 47.1 6690
ST-6 6.89 14.6 1933 10.2 1358 31.9 57.4 7608 45.4 6015
Grazer A 6.84 15.9 2180 11.4 1571 31.1 57.9 7961 46.1 6337
Chop Chewy 6.70 16.3 2202 11.9 1600 32.5 57.0 7684 44.8 6034 N
Acco X8803 (Exp.) 6.69 15.9 2093 11.4 1509 29.5 59.0 7785 47.6 6281 ...
Sweet Sioux II 6.40 16.3 2075 11.8 1507 30.3 58.5 7454 46.9 5976
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 8.21 15.4 2607 11.0 1861 31.1 57.9 9832 46.1 7825
Gahi 1 7.93 14.2 2283 9.9 1586 31.0 58.0 9385 46.3 7481
Mi1grazer 7.70 14.0 2081 9.7 1434 30.3 58.5 8842 46.9 7094
Starr 6.60 16.4 2174 11.9 1581 29.4 59.1 7849 47.7 6343
Sudangrass
Cumberland 6.16 15.9 1938 11.5 1398 29.2 59.2 7209 47.9 5831
Greenleaf 5.61 18.5 2212 13.9 1660 27.7 60.3 7215 49.3 5908
Mean of Test 6.93 15.7 2202 11.3 1581 30.2 58.6 8227 47.0 6598
L.S.D. (.05) .54 1.7 281 1.6 229 2.3 1.6 1319 2.2 1125
(.01 ) .71 2.4 389 2.2 318 3.2 2.2 1831 3.0 1561
TABLE 16. FVT 81 Summer annual grasses simulated grazing trials dry forage yields Coastal Plains, Wake County - 1970
Tons Per Acre Dry Forage
Harvest Dates Total
Entr'y 7/13 8/7 8/28 9/29 For Year
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
SX-16 1.40 1.15 .58 .55 3.68
Aceo X8803 (Exp. ) 1.53 1.05 .51 .52 3.61
Sweet Sioux I I I 1.39 1.17 .48 .53 3.57
Sunnnergrazer 1.53 .94 .49 .47 3.44
Grazer A 1.48 .90 .52 .54 3.44
Sweet Sioux I I 1.41 1.17 .41 .41 3.40
ST-6 1.29 1.02 .38 .54 3.23
McNair 711-A 1.27 1.13 .38 .41 3.19
Chop Chewy 1.27 1.00 .35 .51 3.13
Pearl Millet
Mi1grazer 3.11 1.81 .91 1.15 6.99
Gahi-1 2.83 1.95 1.01 1.02 6.80
Hyegrazer 2.65 1.80 1.11 1.04 6.60
Starr 2.63 1.44 .72 .83 5.62
Sudangrass
Cumberland .92 .82 .32 .24 2.31
Greenleaf .89 1.12 .25 "!( 2.27
Mean of Test 1.71 1.23 .56 .63 4.08
L.S.D. (.05 ) .43 .49 .20 .15 .86
(.01) .56 .64 .27 .19 1.13
li..Average of five replications.
*
No harvest this date.Seeded May 14, 1970 at rate of: Sorghum Sudan Hybrids - 40 pounds per acre
Millet - 25 pounds per acre
Sudan Grass
-
30 pounds per acreFertilization: 700 pounds 10-10-10 per acre broadcast at seeding.
TABLE 17.
Entry
FVT 81 Summer annual grasses simulated grazing trials, crude and
digestible protein percent. Coastal Plains, Wake County - 1970
7/13 8/7 8/28 9/29
Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest.
Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein
% %
%
%
%%
%%
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
SX-16
Acco X8803 (Exp.)
Sweet-Sioux I I I
Sunnnergrazer Grazer A
Sweet-Sioux I I
ST-6 McNair 7ll-A Chop Chewy Pearl Millet Mi1grazer Gahi-1 Hyegrazer Starr Sudangrass Cumberland Greenleaf L.S.D. (.05) (.01) 16.4 16.3 16.5 15.9 15.9 17.3 17.1 16.6 18.1 17.3 18.0 17.7 18.1 18.1 19.7 .9 1.2 11.9 11.8 12.0 11.5 11.5 12.7 12.5 12.1 13.5 12.7 13.4 13.1 13.5 13.5 15.0 .8 1.1 11.8 12.8 14.8 13.6 11.8 14.0 14.1 14.5 13.5 13.1 10.4 11.3 13.8 15.9 11.0 1.7 2.4 7.7 8.6 10.4 9.4 7.6 9.7 9.8 10.2 9.2 8.9 6.4 7.2 9.5 11.5 6.9 ~ 1.6 2.2 13.9 15.5 15.8 16.4 14.7 15.1 14.3 16.6 14.8 15.6 17.2 13.2 16.5 15.3 16.8 15.5 1.6 2.2 9.6 11.1 11.4 12.0 10.4 10.7 9.9 12.1 10.5 11.2 12.7 8.9 12.1 10.9 12.3 1.5 2.1 11.6 12.8 11.2 11.9 11.3 11.6 11.2 12.0 13.0 14.0 13.4 12.7 12.3 13.1 12.3 2.8 3.9 7.4 8.5 7.1 7.8 7.2 7.5 7.1 7.8 8.8 9.7 9.1 8.5 8.1 8.9
*
2.6 3.6l/All protein percentages are averages of two replications.
Wake County - 1970
Digestible Crude Total Digestible Estimated
Dry Weight Crude Protein Protein Fiber Nutrients Net Energy
Entry Tons/Acre % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre % % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre
-Sorghum-Sudan .J!ybrids
SX-16 3.68 14.0 1184 9.7 820 33.4 56.4 4762 43.9 3706
Acco X8803 (Exp.) 3.61 14.7 1194 10.4 841 31.3 57.8 4683 46.0 3721
Sweet Sioux I I I 3.57 15.1 1211 10.7 860 31.7 57.5 4611 45.5 3654
Summergrazer 3.44 14.8 957 10.4 675 28.6 59.7 3865 48.5 3144
Grazer A 3.44 13.9 1077 9.6 744 31.3 57.8 4487 45.9 3571
Sweet Sioux I I 3.40 15.0 1104 10.6 781 32.1 57.3 4245 45.2 3354
ST-6 3.23 14.8 973 10.4 686 32.1 57.2 3772 45.1 2975 LV
McNair 711-A 3.19 15.3 1121 10.9 799 28.0 60.1 4405 49.1 3600 0
Chop Chewy 3.13 15.4 993 11.0 710 29.7 58.9 3787 47.5 3050
Pearl Millet
Mi1grazer 6.99 15.6 2126 11.2 1526 32.1 57.3 7786 45.2 6148
Gahi-1 6.80 15.0 1888 10.6 1336 31.8 57.4 7269 45.4 5753
Hyegrazer 6.60 14.5 1881 10.2 1319 31.7 57.6 7458 45.6 5907
Starr 5.62 16.1 1622 11.6 1173 30.2 58.6 5919 47.0 4745
Sudangrass
Cumberland 2.31 16.3 801 11.9 583 29.1 59.4 2903 48.1 2347
Greenleaf 2.27 14.6 699 10.3 485 32.1 57.2 2816 45.1 2201
Mean of Test 4.08 15.0 1255 10.6 889 31.0 58.0 4851 46.2 3858
L.S.D. (.05 ) .86 1.5 566 1.4 402 3.4 2.3 2187 3.2 1733
(.01) 1.13 2.0 786 1.9 558 4.7 3.2 3035 4.5 2405
1970 1969-1970 1968-1970 1967-1970
Dry Crude Dry Crude Dry Crude Dry Crude
Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN
Entry Tons/A Lbs/A Lbs/A Tons;/A Lbs/A Lbs/A Tons/A 1bs/A Lbs/A Tons/A Lbs/A Lbs/A
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
SX-16 5.49 1780 6852 4.69 1254 5773 4.88 1148 5834
Sweet Sioux III 5.30 1756 6629
Summergrazer 5.19 1636 6264
Acco X8803 (Exp.) 5.15 1643 6234
Grazer A 5.14 1629 6224 4.70 1231 5639
ST 6 5.06 1453 5690 4.59 1175 5437 4.66 1078 5432
McNair 711-A 5.05 1691 6369
Chop Chewy 4.91 1597 5735 v.>
Sweet Sioux II 4.90 1589 5849 4.36 1188 5131
t--"-Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 7.41 2244 8645 6.71 1690 7884
Mi1grazer 7.39 2103 8314
Gahi 1 7.36 2085 8327 6.87 1573 7615 6.25 1380 7011 6.36 15L:4 7126
Starr 6.11 1898 6884 6.08 1476 6722 5.26 1222 5539 5.27 1359 5900
Sudangrass
Cumberland 4.24 1369 5056
Greenleaf 3.94 1455 5015 3.37 975 4196 2.95 793 3573 3.26 959 4003
TABLE 20. FVT 80 Summer annual grasses simulated grazing trials, dry forage
yields. Piedmont, Rockingham County - 1970
Tons Per Acre Dry Forage-1/
Harvest Dates Total
Entry 6/24 7/16 8/13 9/4 10/1 For Year
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
Grazer A .40 1.56 .77 .84 .29 3.86
ST 6 .47 1.55 .78 .64 .33 3.77
Summergrazer .59 1.45 .71 .63 .30 3.68
SX-16 .43 1.57 .61 .85 .20 3.65
Pioneer 988 .41 1.38 .70 .70 .24 3.42
Sweet Sioux III .33 1.42 .65 .70 .20 3.30
Chop Chewy .33 1.38 .68 .54 .27 3.20
FFR 66 .34 1.36 .62 .63 .22 3.17
Sweet Sioux II .53 1.24 .57 .60 .20 3.14
McNair 711-A .36 1.38 .60 .58 .22 3.13
Acco X8803 (Exp.) .48 1.08 .60 .57 .24 2.96
Millet
Hyegrazer .20 1.63 .92 .67 .35 3.77
Mi1grazer .22 1.38 .93 .65 .31 3.50
Gahi-l .15 1.42 .88 .52 .34 3.31
Starr .20 1.33 .90 .53 .22 3.19
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid .34 1.19 .95 .78 .32 3.58
Cumberland .25 1.19 .71 .56 .24 2.96
Greenleaf .17 1.03 .84 .61 .21 2.86
Mean of Test .35 1.36 .74 .64 .26 3.36
L.S.D. (.05) .14 .30 .19 .11 .09 .47
(.01 ) .18 .39 .25 .15 .12 .61
1/
five replications. - Average of
Seeded May 12, 1970 at rate of: Sorghum Sudan Hybrids - 40 pounds per acre
Millet
-
25 pounds per acreSudangrass
-
30 pounds per acreFertilization: 400 pounds 10-20-20 per acre broadcast at seeding.
6/24 7/16 8/13 9/4 10/1
Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein
Entry % % % % % % % % % %
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
Grazer A 12.3 8.2 11.5 7.3 16.2 11.7 13.3 9.1 12.2 8.0
ST 6 13.1 8.8 10.6 6.5 14.8 10.4 12.4 8.2 11.6 7.4
Sunnnergrazer 12.9 8.7 11.1 7.0 16.2 11.7 12.8 8.6 11.1 7.0
SX-16 13.3 9.0 9.8 5.8 16.0 11.6 12.4 8.2 12.1 7.9
Pioneer 988 11.4 7.3 12.1 7.9 15.6 11.2 12.8 8.5 11.4 7.3 Sweet Sioux III 12.9 8.7 11.0 6.9 16.4 12.0 13.6 9.3 11.3 7.2 Chop Chewy 13.1 8.9 11.2 7.1 15.0 10.7 13.1 8.9 10.8 6.8
FFR 66 12.6 8.4 12.2 8.0 17.6 13.0 13.3 9.1 12.4 8.2
Sweet Sioux II 12.6 8.4 12.6 8.4 16.5 12.0 13.3 9.0 12.2 8.0 ww McNair 711-A 13.2 9.0 10.7 6.6 18.5 13.9 13.2 9.0 12.2 8.0
Aceo X8803(Exp.) 13.0 8.8 13.3 9.0 16.0 11.6 14.0 9.7 11.4 7.3
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 17.4 12.9 15.6 11.2 16.8 12.3 15.9 11.5 13.6 9.3 Mi1grazer 16.2 11.7 13.6 9.3 15.7 11.2 15.3 10.9 13.6 9.3 Gahi 1 17.8 13.3 14.5 10.2 17.9 13.3 15.1 10.7 13.1 8.9 Starr 17.3 12.7 14.4 10.0 19.0 14.4 17.2 12.6 13.9 9.6
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid 13.0 8.8 13.0 8.8 14.4 10.1 13.7 9.4 13.4 9.1 Cumberland 15.3 10.9 13.0 8.7 14.4 10.1 13.7 9.4 12.3 8.2 Greenleaf 16.2 11.7 14.5 10.2 13.8 9.6 14.6 10.3 12.5 8.3
Mean of Test 14.1
.-2..&
12.5 ....§..d 16.2 11.7 13.9 9.6 12.3 8.1L.S.D. (.05) 1.9 1.7 1.1 1.0 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0
2.6 2.4 1.5 1.4 2.4 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3
Rockingham County - 1970=
Digestible Crude Total Digestible Estimated
Dry Weight Crude Protein Protein Fiber Nutrients Net Energy
, Lb/Acre Lb/Acre
Entry Tons/Acre % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre % % %
-Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
Grazer A 3.86 13.0 999 8.8 675 30.3 58.5 4490 46.9 3598
ST-6 3.77 12.3 907 8.1 599 29.5 59.0 4342 47.6 3498
Summergrazer 3.68 12.7 902 8.5 602 29.1 59.3 4217 48.0 3409
SX-16 3.65 11.9 894 7.8 582 29.3 59.2 4428 47.9 3578
Pioneer 988 3.42 12.9 866 8.6 582 28.3 59.9 4033 48.8 3289
Sweet Sioux III 3.30 12.9 818 8.7 550 29.8 58.9 3737 47.4 3008 w+'"
Chop Chewy 3.20 12.6 715 8.4 477 29.1 59.3 3360 48.0 2719
FFR 66 3.17 13.6 810 9.3 555 29.6 59.0 3516 47.6 2838
Sweet Sioux II 3.14 13.3 801 9.1 545 29.6 59.0 3542 47.6 2856
McNair 711-A 3.13 13.1 897 8.9 608 28.5 59.8 4053 48.6 3291
Acco X8803 (Exp.) 2.96 13.7 798 9.4 549 29.0 59.4 3456 48.2 2801
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 3.77 15.8 1174 11.4 845 26.5 61.1 4538 50.5 3752
Mi1grazer 3.50 14.7 898 10.4 632 27.2 60.6 3696 49.9 3037
Gahi-1 3.31 15.7 933 11.2 670 27.0 69.8 3615 50.1 2974
Starr 3.19 16.4 959 11.9 697 26.8 60.9 3569 50.3 2945
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid 3.58 13.6 1025 9.3 703 28.6 59.7 4499 48.5 3660
Cumberland 2.96 13.6 777 9.3 533 28.2 60.0 3423 48.9 2793
Greenleaf 2.86 14.4 834 10.1 584 27.5 60.4 3496 49.5 2867
Mean of Test 3.36 13.7 889 9.4 611 28.5 59.7 3889 48.6 3162
L.S.D. (.05) .47 .6 251 .6 176 2.0 1.4 1038 1.9 844
(.01) .61 .8 345 .8 242 2.8 1.9 1425 2.7 1159
If
nr y matter yields are averages of five replications. Percentages are average of two replications.TABLE 23. FVTo79 Summer annual grasses simulated grazing trials, dry forage
yields. Piedmont, Chatham County - 1970
Tons Per Acre Dry Forage-1/
Entry
Harvest Dates Total
6/23 7/20 8/13 9/4 10/1 For Year
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
Summergrazer .69 .90 1.40 .85 .40 4.25
Grazer A .50 1.01 1.48 .75 .50 4.25
Pioneer 988 .60 .86 1.28 .72 .41 3.86
Sweet Sioux I I I .49 .86 1.33 .70 .38 3.76
SX-16 .55 .83 1.28 .67 .42 3.74
ST-6 .47 .72 1.39 .67 .38 3.64
Sweet Sioux II .50 .79 1.38 .62 .34 3.62
McNair 711-A .42 .70 1.37 .75 .26 3.51
FFR-66 .37 .73 1.34 .61 .29 3.34
Chop Chewy .33 .67 1.11 .69 .30 3.10
Acco X8803 (Exp.) .38 .61 1.07 .55 .24 2.85
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer .28 .96 1.57 .50 .43 3.75
Milgrazer .17 .65 1.76 .34 .29 3.20
Gahi-l .19 .54 1.44 .37 .31 2.85
Starr .13 .43 1.37 .33 .16 2.41
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid .66 .65 1.59 .72 .28 3.90
Cumberland .32 .56 1.05 .56 .25 2.75
Greenleaf .27 .55 1.04 .53 .18 2.58
Mean of Test .41 .72 1.35 .61 .32 3.41
L.S.D. (.05) .18 .18 .27 .15 .11 .55
(.01) .23 .24 .35 .20 .14 .72
1/ six replicatLons ·
- Average of
Seeded May 11, 1970 at rate of: Sorghum Sudan Hybrids - 40 pounds per acreMillet - 25 pounds per acre
Sudangrass - 30 pounds per acre
Fertilization: 600 pounds 10-20-20 per acre broadcast at seeding.
400 pounds 0-20-0 per acre broadcast at seeding.
50 pounds N per acre after each harvest
Herbicide used at rate of 3 pounds per acre on replications 1 and
6/23 7/20 8/13 9/4 10/1
Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest. Crude Digest.
Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein Protein
Entry % % % % % % % % % %
-Sorghum-Sudan
----'!!ybr i d
Summergrazer 12.9 8.7 11.9 7 .7 14.6 10.3 16.4 11.9 12.7 8.5
Grazer A 12.8 8.5 11.2 7.1 13.6 9.3 16.3 11.9 12.7 8.5
Pioneer 988 14.3 10.0 11.5 7.3 13.0 8.7 18.6 14.0 14.3 10.0
Sweet Sioux III 14.8 10.4 11.6 7.4 13.6 9.3 17.2 12.6 12.9 8.7
SX 16 13.1 8.9 12.1 7.9 14.8 10.4 17.9 13.4 13.1 8.9
ST 6 13.1 8.9 12.3 8.1 13.8 9.6 17.8 13.2 14.1 9.8
Sweet Sioux II 14.3 10.0 12.3 8.1 14.0 9.7 19.6 14.9 13.4 9.1
McNair 711-A 12.9 8.7 13.5 9.2 13.7 9.4 17.2 12.7 13.4 9.1
FFR 66 14.3 9.9 12.3 8.2 14.3 10.0 17.1 12.5 13.7 9.4 L.V0'\
Chop Chewy 12.9 8.7 11.8 7.7 15.1 10.7 17.8 13.3 13.7 9.4
Acco X8803 (Exp.) 12.5 8.3 12.2 8.0 14.5 10.2 16.8 12.3 13.8 9.5
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 16.3 11.9 13.2 9.0 14.4 10.0 16.2 11.7 11.9 . 7.7
Mi1grazer 17.3 12.8 13.9 9.6 14.1 9.8 18.0 13.4 14.1 9.8
Gahi 1 16.8 12.3 14.5 10.2 14.8 10.4 19.6 14.9 14.9 10.5
Starr 18.3 13.7 14.4 10.1 17.7 13.1 18.9 14.2 15.0 10.6
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid 12.2 8.0 11.7 7.6 14.4 10.1 18.3 13.7 14.7 10.3
Cumberland 13.2 9.0 10.8 6.8 14.4 10.1 16.8 12.3 13.8 9.5
Greenleaf 15.0 10.7 12.9 8.7 14.5 10.2 18.2 13.6 15.0 10.q
Mean of Test 14.3 10.0 12.4
-b.1
14.4 10.1 17.7 13.1 13.7 ~L.S.D. (.05) .9 .8 1.0 1.0 .8 .7 1.2 1.1 .7 .7
(.01) 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.5 1.0 .9
Chatham County - 197~
Digestible Crude Total Digestible Estimated Dry Weight Crude Protein Protein Fiber Nutrients Net Energy Entry Tons/Acre % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre % % Lb/Acre % Lb/Acre
Sorghum-Sudan Hybrids
Summergrazer 4.25 14.1 1106 9.8 768 29.0 59.4 4668 48.2 3785 Grazer-A 4.25 13.3 1007 9.0 685 29.2 59.2 4494 47.9 3636 Pioneer 988 3.86 14.1 873 9.8 606 29.3 59.2 3661 47.8 2960 Sweet Sioux III 3.76 14.0 940 9.7 651 28.8 59.5 3988 48.3 3236 SX-16 3.74 14.3 1049 10.0 732 28.7 59.6 4369 48.4 3552 ST-6 3.64 14.5 954 10.2 669 28.7 59.6 3905 48.4 3171 Sweet Sioux II 3.62 14.7 1058 10.4 745 28.1 60.0 4315 49.0 3525
McNair 7ll-A 3.51 14.6 968 10.2 679 28.5 59.7 3972 48.6 3234 w-...J
FFR-66 3.34 14.3 926 10.0 646 29.4 59.1 3825 47.8 3091 Chop Chewy 3.16 14.4 782 10.1 547 27.2 60.6 3293 49.8 2705 Acco X8803 (Exp.) 2.85 14.1 672 9.8 467 28.9 59.5 2837 48.3 2304
Pearl Millet
Hyegrazer 3.75 14.1 1117 9.8 776 27.7 60.3 4802 49.4 3945 Mi1grazer 3.20 14.6 920 10.3 647 27.2 60.7 3813 49.9 3140 Gahi-1 2.85 15.5 804 11.1 576 27.0 60.8 3155 50.1 2600 Starr 2.41 17.2 710 12.6 523 26.2 61.4 2541 50.9 2108
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid 3.90 14.4 968 10.0 677 28.8 59.5 4012 48.3 3257 Cumberland 2.75 14.0 775 9.7 537 29.4 59.1 3272 47.8 2643 Greenleaf 2.58 15.0 610 10.6 432 26.7 61.0 2492 50.4 2060
Mean of Test 3.41 14.5 902 10.2 631 28.3 59.9 3745 48.8 3053
L.S.D. (.05) .55 .5 222 .4 155 2.8 2.0 1008 2.7 870
(.01) .72 .6 304 .6 213 3.9 2.7 1384 3.7 1195
1970 1969-1970 1968-1970 1967-1970
Dry Crude Dry Crude Dry Crude Dry Crude
Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Forage Protein TDN Entry Tons/A Lbs/A Lbs,fA Tons/A Lbs/A Lbs/A Tons/A Lbs/A Lbs/A Tons/A Lbs/A Lbs/A
-Sorghum-Sudan Hybrid
Grazer-A 4.06 1003 4492 4.76 1035 5438 4.46 994 5102 4.62 1130 5291 Sununergrazer 3.96 1004 4443 4.38 982 4921 3.96 898 4458
ST-6 3.71 931 4124 4.34 979 5166 4.32 980 5069 SX-16 3.70 977 4399 4.58 1039 5236 4.39 1018 5029 Pioneer 988 3.64 870 3847 4.23 938 4691 4.03 903 4534 Sweet Sioux III 3.48 879 3863
Sweet Sioux II 3.38 930 3929 3.97 967 4904 McNair 711-A 3.32 933 4013
FFR-66 3.26 868 3671 4.22 928 4739 4.05 911 4546 4.31 1113 4970 w00
Chop Chewy 3.15 749 3327 Acco X8803 (Exp.) 2.91 735 3147
Millet
Hyegrazer 3.76 1146 4670 4.34 1047 5119 Mi1grazer 3.35 909 3755
Gahi 1 3.08 869 3385 3.77 941 4382 3.50 896 4078 3.45 999 4132 Starr 2.80 835 3055 3.49 921 4196 3.06 791 3569 3.02 888 3601
Sudangrass
Monarch Hybrid 3.74 997 4256
Cumberland 2.86 776 3348 3.65 834 4173
Greenleaf 2.72 722 2994 3.58 842 4101 2.97 718 3406 3.13 861 3752
PERENNIAL FORAGES
The perennial species reported on in this publication consist of
alfalfa, red clover, ladino clover and ladino clover growing in combination
with fescue. The alfalfa and red clover were managed as hay and the
ladino clover and ladino-fescue mixtures as simulated grazing.
Alfalfa and red clover play an important role in supplying protein
and vitamins in animal nutrition. Alfalfa is especially high in carotene,
thus, serving as a good source of vitamin A. It's use to the dairymen
in supplementing the high cost protein requirement of the dairy ration
is especially important.
Beef animals usually make better daily gains when ladino clover is
present in grass pastures. Milk production from the dairy animal is
likewise increased. When figuring the cost of production both the beef
producer and dairymen should consider these species in their feeding
program.
Sponsoring agencies for the species entered in these tests are
given in Table 27.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Alfalfa tests in 1970 consisted of three trials at Piedmont Research
Station at Salisbury and two trials at the Upper Mountain Research
Station at Laurel Springs. Yield data was collected on an old trial
at the Piedmont Research Station which was seeded in the Fall of 1966.
In this trial, the top yield for 1970 and the three year average was made
by an experimental line, NCNlbl (Tables 28 and 29). The 1970 range was from
three-year average had a range from 11512 pounds per acre for NCN1b1 to 7983
pounds per acre for NCN2b1.
There were two other trials at Piedmont Research Station from which
yield data were collected. The first was a weevil resistance trial
(Table 30). The plots were separated by a border of fescue to restrict
the movement of weevils from one plot to another. It received only one
treatment for weevil control. Yields ranged from 12081 for DuPuits to
10719 pounds per acre for Team. In a second trial designed to produce
maximum yields using recommended weevil control practices, yields ranged
from a high of 13379 for NCNlbl to 9557 pounds per acre for Team (Table 31),
The trials at the Upper Mountain Research Station were seeded in the
Fall of 1968 and were designed the same as for those at Piedmont Research
Station. The range for the weevil resistance test was from a high of
5033 for DuPuits to a low of 3567 pounds per acre for Vernal (Table 34).
The other trial had a range from 8542 for NCNlbl to 4738 pounds per acre
for Florida 66 (Table 35). Two year averages followed the same pattern
(Tables 36 and 37).
White Clover yield data were taken from one test in 1970. These data
are shown in Tables 38 and 39. Where clover was grown in a pure stand,
there was no statistical difference in the yield with exception of Oregon
which yielded lower than the other entries (Table 38). The
Tillman-Ky 31 fescue mixture yielded 5003 pounds per acre in the third harvest year
(1970, Table 39) which was higher than for the other mixtures tested.
Red Clover yields were taken from a test at Laurel Springs which was
seeded in the Fall of 1968 (Table 40). Yield data were not taken in 1969
due to an infe~tationof volunteer rye. Yields for 1970 ranged from a
high of 6489 pounds per acre for Ky. Syn. A-2 to a low of 4246 for
TABLE 27. Names, addresses and variety designation of agencies sponsoring entries in the 1970 North Carolina Perennial Forage Trials.
Name
Farmers Forage Research Cooperative, Inc.
Cotton Hybrid Research, Inc.
Waterman-Loomis Company
Agri. Res. Ser., USDA
Agri. Extension Service, NCSU
Address
Route 2, Box 290 Lafayette, Indiana
P. O. Box 290 Madison, Georgia
10916 Bornedale Drive Adelphis, Maryland
Beltsville, Maryland
Raleigh, N. C.
Hybrid Designation
Tempo Alfalfa Scout Alfalfa Weevlchek Alfalfa
Fla. 66 Alfalfa
*67
ca
B Alfalfa*11306 Alfalfa
Red Clover
Chesapeake, FC 39731 Ken1and FC 39,730
Ky. Syn. A-2 F.C. 38,376 Orbit (Misc.) F.C. 39,708 Pennscott F.C. 39,393 Lakeland F.C. 39,395 Dollard F.C. 39,394 Mammoth (Cannor, Ohio)
F.C. 39,716
White Clover Regal F.C. 37,418 Espanso, F.C. 38,348 Merit, F.C. 38,312 La. Syn. 1, F.C. 38,951
White Clover Tillman (Registered) Oregon, Certified Gran1adino, Registered Regal, Found. 1963 La. Syn. 1, Found. 1962
Alfalfa *NCNlbl *NCN2b2
DuPuits, cert. Cherokee, cert. Lahontan, cert. Atlantic, cert. Buffalo, cert. Team
Delta Iroquis Saranac
Red Clover Tetraploid
TABLE 28. FVT 38 Alfalfa, dry forage yields, Piedmont, Rowan County - 1970
1/ Pounds Per Acre Dry
Forage-Harvest Dates
Entry 4/30 6/2 7/7 8/14 9/14 Total
NCN1bl 3225 2866 3694 753 2250 12788
Tempo 2969 2295 3160 654 2244 11321
Williamsburg 2960 2142 3104 680 2066 10952
Atlantic 2017 2163 2857 645 1991 10674
Scout 3025 2056 2980 681 1785 10525
Lahontan 2722 2238 3000 614 1927 10501
Buffalo 2932 1999 2843 677 1898 10349
DuPuits 2697 2246 2814 601 1898 10255
Cherokee 2731 1978 2916 535 1854 10014
NCN2bl 2469 1746 2601 495 1626 8937
Mean of Test 2875 2173 2997 634 1954 10632
L.S.D. (.05) 397 294 446 100 219 1222
L.S.D. (.01) 536 397 603 135 296 1650
l/Average of four replications.
Seeded September 9, 1966 at rate of 20 1bs/acre.
Fertilization: Initial - lOOO,lb/!c~e 2-12-12 + Borax, Annual - 800 1bs/acre 0-9-27+B
Limed - 2 tons lime Spring 1968 1.5 tons lime 8-27-70
TABLE 29. FVT 38 Alfalfa, long term averages of dry forage yields Piedmont, Rowan County
Dry Forage Yields In Pounds Per Acre-1/
1970* 1969-70 1968-69-70
Entry Total Average Average
NCNlb1 12788 10598 11512
Tempo 11321 9604 10887
Williamsburg 10952 8839 9789
Atlantic 10674 8612 9636
Scout 10525 8499 9390
Lahontan 10501 7714 8294
Buffalo 10349 8454 9455
DuPuits 10255 8659 10092
Cherokee 10014 8253 9422
NCN2bl 8937 6875 7983
l/Average of four replications.
*
1970 is third year data has been gathered. 1967 datawas considered invalid due to infestation of volunteer small grain.
Seeded September 9, 1966 at rate of 20 1b/acre.
Fertilization: Initial - 1000 Ib/acre 2-12-12 + Borax
Annual 800 1b/acre 0-9-27 + Borax
Limed 2 tons Spring 1968
TABLE 30. FVT 62 Alfalfa weevil resistance, dry forage yields, Piedmont, Rowan County - 1970
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage-1/
Harvest Dates
Entry 4/30 6/2 7/7 8/14 9/14 Total
DuPuits 2850 3155 3011 1280 1785 12081
Cherokee 2648 2371 2885 1234 2139 11276
Exp. 306 2529 2489 3013 1323 1918 11272
Weev1chek (FFR Syn. W) 2506 2405 3150 1262 1915 11239
67 CaB 2731 2233 2834 1270 1968 11036
Vernal 3007 2261 2677 1267 1757 10970
Team (HP7) 3047 2247 2638 1100 1687 10719
Mean of Test 2760 2451 2887 1248 1881 11227
L.S.D. (.05) 374 368 412 230 348 1275
L.S.D. (.01) 504 495 555 310 469 1717
II
- Average of six replications.
Seeded September 5, 1968 at rate of 20 1blacre, adjusted for hard seed.
Fertilization: Initial - 1200 1bs/acre 2-12-12+B
Annual 800 1bslacre 0-9-27+B
Limed 2 tons September 5, 1968
1.5 tons August 27, 1970
Weevil Control: As part of test control restricted to one application malathion
at first sign of weevil. Applied April 7, 1970. Also has
TABLE 31. FVT 63 Alfalfa, dry forage yields, Piedmont, Rowan County - 1970
1/ Pounds Per Acre Dry
Forage-Harvest Dates
Entry 4/30 6/2
7/7 8/14 9/14 Total
NCN1b1 3199 3497 3307
1314 2063 13379
DuPuits 2878 3173 2837
1217 1631 11736
Tempo 2655 2637 2785 1213
1957 11248
Delta 2445 2465 2818 1280 2023
11030
Saranac 2654 2501 2639 1123 1730 10646
Iroquois 2458 2463 2621 1130 1847 10519
Weev1chek (FFR Syn. W) 2237 2284 2726 1090 1871 10209
Florida 66 1886 2026 2923 1295 2208 10337
Cherokee 2175 2054 2814 1095 2028 10167
Team (HP 7) 2569 2015 2408 907 1657 9557
Mean of Test 2516 2512 2788 1166 1902 10883
L.S.D. (.05) 339 256 202 196 221 835
L.S.D. (.01) 445 336 266 258 290 1097
l/Average of five replications.
Seeded September 5, 1968 at rate of 20 1bs/acre, adjusted for hard seed.
Fertilization: Initial - 1200 1bs/acre 2-12-12+Borax
Annual 800 Ibs/acre 0-9-27+Borax
Limed - 2 tons/acre September 5, 1968
1.5 tons/acre August 27, 1970
TABLE 32. FVT 62 Alfalfa weevil resistance,l/iong-term average of
dry forage yield. Piedmont, Rowan County
1/
Dry Forage Yields In Pounds Per
Acre-DuPuits Cherokee Exp. 306 Weev1chek
67CaB Vernal Team (HP7)
1970 1 year
12081 11276 11272 11239 11036 10970 10719
1969-70
2 years
10517 9175 9001 9087 8975 9364 9500
II
- Average of ~ix replications
TABLE 33. FVT 63 Alfalfa long-term average of dry forage yield.
Piedmont, Rowan County
Dry Forage Yields In Pounds Per Acre
11
1970 1969-70
Entry 1 year 2 years
NCN1b1 13379 11082
DuPuits 11736 10308
Tempo 11248 9504
Delta 11030 9022
Saranac 10646 9668
Iroquois 10519 9417
Weev1chek 10209 8594
Florida 66 10337 8749
Cherokee 10167 8595
Team (HP7) 9557 8712
l/FVT 62 received one application malathion April 7 and had a 2
foot fescue border between entries. Whereas FVT 63 received 2
applications (April 7 and 24) and had no border between entries.
Seeded September 5, 1968 at 20 1bs/acre, adjusted for hard seed.
Fertilization: Initial - 1200 1bs/acre 2-12-12
+
BoraxAnnual - 800 1bs/acre 0-9-27
+
BoraxTABLE 34. FVT 61 Alfalfa weevil resistance*, dry forage yields. Mountains, Ashe County - 1970
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage-1/
Harvest Dates 1970
Entry 5/18 6/30 8/13 Total
DuPuits 1926 1174 1933 5033
Weevlchek (FFR Syn , W) 1791 1042 1526 4359
Team (HD 7) 1524 929 1264 3716
Cherokee 1349 1021 1293 3663
Vernal 1522 896 1148 3567
Mean of Test 1622 1012 1433 4067
L.S.D. (.05) 520 222 409 1006
L.S.D. (.01) 709 303 557 1372
1/
- Average of six replications.
Seeded August 13, 1968 at rate of 20 1b/acre (Adjusted to pure1ive seed). Plots are 4 rows 7" apart, 20 feet long
Fertilization: Initial - 600 1bs/acre 3-l8-18+B
Annual - 800 lbs/acre 0-9-27+B
Lime - Applied 1967, 1 ton/acre, Fall 1970
*Weevil Control: Not needed. As part of the test, the weevil resistance trials
were to receive one chemical treatment at the first sign of
weevils. Another part of the trial was a two-foot fescue
TABLE 35. FVT 60 Alfalfa, dry forage yields. Mountains, Ashe County - 1970
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage-1/
Harvest Dates 1970
Entry 5/18 6/30 8/3 Total
NCN1b1 2504 3301 2738 8542
Saranac 2253 3104 2581 7937
DuPuits 2191 2968 2756 7915
Tempo 2277 2522 2319 7118
Iroquois 2125 2227 2494 6846
Wee'v1chek (FFR Syn. W) 2162 2389 1797 6348
Cherokee 2255 2168 1883 6306
Delta 1842 2133 2162 6137
Team (HP 7) 2077 1840 1465 5382
Florida 66 1363 1805 1570 4738
Mean of Test 2105 2446 2176 6727
L.S.D. (.05) 335 342 504 792
L.S.D. (.01) 441 449 662 1041
l/A f f - 1
-- verage 0 ~ve rep 1cat1ons.
Seeded August 13, 1968 at rate of 20 lb/acre (Adjusted to pu reLf.ve seed) Plots are 4 rows 7" apart, 20 feet long
Fertilization: Initial - 600 1bs/acre 3-18-18+B Annual - 800 1bs/acre 0-9-27+B
TABLE 36. FVT 61 Alfalfa weevil resistance*. Two year averages for North Carolina Mountains.
Dry Forage Yield Pounds Per Acre
1 /
DuPuits
Weev1chek (FFR Syn. W) Team (HP7) Cherokee Vernal 1970 1 year 5033 4359 3716 3663 3567 1969-1970 2 years 3444 3473 3053 3009 3008
l/Average of 6 replications.
*
The weevil resistance trial was designed to determine theyield of certain varieties while under the influence of
the alfalfa weevil. It was to get one application of
chemical control at the first sign of weevil damage. This
was never necessary in 1970. Another way this test differed
from the other was the two-foot fescue border around each plot to restrict the travel of the weevil.
See Tables 34 and
35
for seeding dates, rates and fertilization.TABLE 37. FVT 60 Alfalfa, long term average of dry forage
yield. Mountains
1/
Dry Forage Yields Pounds Per
Acre-NCN1bl Saranac DuPuits Tempo Iroquois
Weevlchek (FFR Syn. W) Cherokee
Delta Team (HP7) Florida 66
l/Average of five replications.
TABLE 38. FVT 48 White clover. Dry forage yields. Piedmont, Wake County - 1970
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage-1/
Harvest Dates
5/6 6/10 7/28 8/19 Total
Entry Clover Grass Clover Grass Clover Grass Clover Grass C'love r Grass
Espanso 2922 334 594 651 4500
Gran Ladino 2043 357 771 575 3745
Tillman 2266 384 499 564 3712
Merit 2246 342 564 509 3662
Regal 2446 308 474 401 3629
Oregon 1827 288 523 436 3074
Tillman + Ky. 31 1838 1080 391 174 527 274 324 395 3080 1923
Oregon + Ky. 31 753 1193 169 176 277 271 162 334 1361 1973
Oregon + Kenwell 359 1104 75 220 181 268 148 229 763 1821
Mean of Test 1855 1126 294 190 490 271 419 319 3058 1906
L.S.D. (.05) 985 703 115 86 180 94 157 92 1166 793
L.S.D. (.01) 1335 1065 156 130 243 143 212 139 1581 1201
Clover Clover Clover Clover Clover
Entry + Grass + Grass + Grass + Grass + Grass
Tillman + Ky. 31 2918 565 801 719 5003
Oregon + Ky. 31 1946 345 547 496 3334
Oregon + Kenwe11 1463 295 449 376 2584
Mean of Test 2109 402 599 530 3640
L.S.D. (. OS) 716 121 161 134 775
L.S.D. (. 01) 1085 184 244 202 1175
1/
four replications. - Average of
Seeded September 7, 1967 at rate of: Clover alone 5 1b/acre
Clover
+
grass 3 lb/acre, Grass 8 1b/acreFertilized: Initial - 1000 lbs/acre 2-12-12
TABLE 39. FVT 48 White clover long-term average of dry forage yield. Piedmont, Wake County.
Pounds Per Acre Dry Forage Yie1d.!/
1970 1969-70 1968-69-70
1 year 2 years 3 years
Clover Clover Clover
Clover Grass Clover Grass Clover Grass
Espanso 4500 3360 3677
Gran1adino 3745 2869 3417
Tillman 3712 3138 3636
Merit 3662 2818 3341
Regal 3629 2300 2547
Oregon 3074 2060 2179
Tillman
+
Ky. 31 Fescue 3080 5003 2337 5005 2596 4844Orego-n
+
Ky. 31 Fescue 1361 3334 901 3552 1152 3355Oregon
+
Kenwe11 Fescue 763 2584 470 2761 1012 28401/
- Average of four replications.
Seeded September 7. 1967 at rate of: Clover alone - 5 lb/acre
Clover
+
Grass - 3 lb/acreGrass - 8 1b/acre
Fertilization: Initial - 1000 lb/acre 2-12-12
