Geographic Information System

To further assist primary care health professionals and cardiac rehabilitation services, the Committee commissioned the Cardiac Geographic Information System (GIS) project. This project aimed to develop an interactive CD-ROM-based GIS report and maps that integrate the location of cardiac rehabilitation services in Australia with eligible Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples who have had an adverse cardiac event. The project was undertaken by Healthcare Management Advisors (HMA), Adelaide and resulted in an interactive CD-ROM, a user manual and this final report, which details the methodology used, analyses undertaken and key findings of the Cardiac GIS project. The CD-ROM has been designed as a resource for primary health care providers and cardiac rehabilitation services, providing a tool to locate services and understand the distribution of cardiac illness in local areas. The information may also be of value to those involved in planning and developing cardiac rehabilitation service systems as it offers a means of considering the spatial distribution of services (cardiac

Abstract— The use of a Geographic Information System (GIS) in roadway lighting to show the state of street-lighting and nighttime accident is demonstrated. Geographical maps were generated showing colored streets based on how much of the street's length is illuminated. The night to daytime accidents ratio at intersections were found along with the state of lighting at those intersections. The result is a method to show the state of street-lighting at roads and intersections and a quick guide for decision makers to implement strategies for better street-lighting to reduce night time traffic accidents in a particular district.

This is to certify that this dissertation entitled “APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE STUDY OF LEPTOSPIRAL UVEITIS” submitted for MS (Branch III) Ophthalmology March 2008, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, is a bonafide work done by Dr. Fathima .A, under our guidance and supervision in the Department of Uvea, Aravind Eye Care System and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Madurai during her residency period from June 2005 to April 2008.

The simplified approach in this study has focused on measurement of coverage using minimum amount of the most determining variables. Neither personal data nor geocoding process was involved in this study. All the data used in this study were from open-source, either down- loaded from official websites or extracted from formal reports. The geospatial data of Hong Kong were purchased from the Lands Department. Adoption of available user- friendly technology does also contribute to the simplified coverage assessment system. The geographic information system used in this study was a commercial product. All the functions applied were standard overlay and proxim- ity analytical functions of the software. These functions could be linked up by Visual Basic scripts so that a stand- ard protocol can be developed to activate the whole mon- itoring system. The study demonstrated how existing Map showing geographic coverage of methadone clinics in 18 districts 2001

Abstract: The goal of the research is to develop technological and software tools to create an urban geographic information system (UGIS). The research objectives are to develop the principles of creation of a single information space of the city and organize UGIS information resources. Moreover, the authors aim to develop UGIS conceptual architecture, principles of organization of UGIS geospatial data, as well as software, organization and technical support for creation and operation for UGIS. To address these objectives an expert survey method was used to define the conceptual architecture and UGIS software tools. Employees of municipal administration of Departments of Property and Land Relations, Departments of Construction Policy, as well as Chief Architects, were involved in the expert survey. According to the research results, an approach for building a UGIS based on single structured city-wide storage of base information resources has been developed. The conceptual architecture of the system and functions and means of its implementation have been proposed.

The focus of this Geographic Information System (GIS) paper is to emphasize the use or applicability of GIS in Education by determining education district, cre- ate school mapping, where school can be established and help decision makers to solve problems which are related to locational / geographical in education easily and quickly . Generally the areas of relevance will include capacity of schools, schools’ regional distribution, number of student, number of teacher, number of schools, Gender issues, sim- ple statistical calculation within and between schools/dis- trict. GIS is mainly used for analyses, which, in developing countries, only few GIS projects are successfully applied and utilized for decision-making. (Makino & Watanabe, The application of GIS to the school mapping in Bangkok,

Thus, the software that is used in this research is GIS software from ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute), which is MapObjects 2.4 to develop the system. ESRI MapObjects 2.4 is chosen because it allows the programmer to add dynamic mapping and Geographic Information System (GIS) capabilities to the existing Windows applications or to build custom mapping and GIS solution.

The development and economic growth of a nation is closely related to its available transportation system. Good and efficient road transport infrastructure facilities will promote industrial and socio-economic devel- opment. To provide safety and comfort to road users, a comprehensive road maintenance schedule must be formulated and adopted to ensure those roads are in good condition at all times. Preventive maintenance works, such as road rehabilitation will help to reduce the major road repairs and expenditure. Prior to this, a good database, gathered through GIS will be necessary in order to ensure maintenance is done effectively. Geographic Information System (GIS) is said to be one of the useful tools that can be utilized to manage da- tabase in road maintenance engineering. This system is capable of storing, managing, analyzing, computing and displaying all forms of geographical data for road maintenance works. In this study, the author has adopted GIS application software – ArcView, and has reviewed and analyzed its effectiveness in managing road database. These data are then used to assist the management to ensure effective and systematic road maintenance. A typical model of roads in Penang, Malaysia is used as a case study to further clarify the ap- plication of GIS in road maintenance.

Open source may be viewed by many as a revolutionary phenomenon that is capable of providing the software industry with an alternative and competitive way of doing business. Research done so far has tackled the history and business aspects of the open source phenomena, and only few have researched its technical aspects. The results of the research provide an insight on how different categories of people view open source, and demonstrate that lack of awareness about open source concepts and its competencies may be a major reason behind the poor adoption of open source solutions. The results of the comparative analysis also demonstrate that Map Server is technically equivalent to its commercial counter parts. A new open source sharing platform has emerged from the joint initiatives of the educationist, researchers and software developers. Present paper throws light on the contemporary development of this open source technology in field of geographic information system (GIS). An effort has been made to review the main components of open source technology at desktop and web based platforms, while the significance of open source technologies has been also discussed.

Rivers which are important objects in real world need be appropriately described in Geographic Information System to be conveniently inquired and detailed analyzed for human being. Many spatial models were proposed in the past, but spatial models with regard to river channel plan- forms (RCPs) are lesser-known. This work proposes spatial models of river channel planforms (SMRCPs) based on the properties of river channel planforms in the real world and the spatial re- lation theory. We proposed the segment conditions based on RCPs properties in Geographic In- formation System to describe rivers in the real world by SMRCPs in detail.

One of solution in this problem is by creating the mobile interactive application of Geographic Information System (SIG) based on Android. This SIG Android is the set of organized computer hardware, software, geographic data and personnel which are designed efficiently to obtain, store, update, manipulate, analyze, and display all the form of information which has geography reference. In this research SIG is expected to be able to display the position of wifi.id which is described with its actual condition.

Geographic Information System (GIS) continues to accelerate, and is compelling right now, because maps communicate better than words, spatial analytics helps us understand and make decisions about our world with a broader sense and cloud computing extends further more in the line. GIS is helping to unlock in environmental conservation, ecological science, natural resources, disaster response, business analytics, crime mapping, etc. GIS is becoming societal infrastructures as a national information system. GIS no doubt massively could go beyond just simply desktop use. The issue of climate change is going to have a major impact, and GIS has a huge role to play in the desperate race to turn around the impact.

The geographic information system based map algebra function was found to be useful to incorporate spatial and non-spatial information for the development of a comprehensive catchment-wide, site-specific manure application plan. The manure application plan for the Westbrook sub-catchment demonstrated that the area available for manure application is less than 22 % of the total sub-catchment area. Considering the number of existing intensive animal industries (ie currently thirty- nine) and the potential volume of waste production in the area, it seems reasonable to suggest that there is a need to assess the capacity of the sub-catchment to absorb all of the generated waste. Phosphorus was assumed to be the critical nutrient in the sub- catchment and the manure rates were based on the principle of replenishing plant- removed phosphorus. However, this reduced the recommended volume of manure use per unit area and increased the manure surplus potential. One possible management alternative to deal with excess waste generation may be to expand the growing area for crops (eg lucerne, soybean, and sunflower) that are capable of a greater rate of phosphorus depletion. However, the expansion of areas for these crops is also influenced by other bio-physical factors and market forces.

Hedonic Pricing Model is a valuation model that measures the influencing effects of particular characteristics of a property on overall transaction price, while regression analysis is used to determine correlation of each characteristic to the transaction value. Regression analysis is a statistical technique used to determine correlation between different data points (Matt Monsoon, Cornell university,2009).The Hedonic pricing method places emphasis on the relationship between selling price and attributes for estimating values of properties. It is useful to determine the intrinsic value of each attribute, as well as to predict transaction prices. Geographic information system (GIS) is a computerized data management system used to capture, store, manage, retrieve, analyze, and display spatial information. GIS is a marriage between computerized mapping and database management system (DBMS). GIS entails creating database for both geometric and attribute data. Database as “a unified computer based collection of data showed authorized users with the capability for controlled definition to access, retrieval, manipulation and presentation of data within it. It is a combination of spatial and none spatial data which is georeferenced to the coordinates of a particular projection system. This allows precise placement of features on the earth’s surface and maintains the spatial relationships between mapped features. As a result, commonly referenced data can be overlaid to determine relationships between data elements. This study helped in identifying parcels of land and prepares a database of parcels of land and their attributes. The value of the plots was determined by Hedonic pricing method of valuation while Geographic information system (GIS) was employed to manage, organize, analyze and display the data. The property valuation process has been carried out manually since the

The application of Geographic Information System and election is a study that stresses geographic aspects which gives support to election boundaries, election information management system along with column analysis in election boundaries. This article, as a concept, explains the role and function of Geographic Information System and geopolitics as an introduction to look at the election pattern in Malaysia. Geographic Information System (GIS) is one of the information technologies that have recently grown rapidly worldwide. This system can prepare a framework to integrate a volume of total space data from many varieties of source and time period. Aside from that, the system can help management activities and information programs as a support tool for decision making. Thus, Geographic Information System is applied in various fields, including political geography and elections. With GIS, we can assess the national election pattern more effectively and comprehensively.

ABSTRACT: Browse use surveys such as the twig-length method typically used to assess browsing by ungulates are time-consuming and costly. Here, we describe a modification of the twig-length method that utilizes digital photography and a Geographic Information System (GIS) technique to quantify browse shoot removal. Linear regression analysis indicated that the cumulative shoot length (cm) and biomass removal (g) estimated with our indirect method was similar to direct measurements on Scouler ’ s willows ( Salix scouleriana ). Our results suggest that this indirect browse assessment pro- cedure could reduce field time, presumably increase sample size and efficiency, and create a photo- graphic record of each plant for long-term assessment of moose ( Alces alces ) browsing.

Abstract: This paper explores and reviews, the various application of Geographic Information System, GIS is a computer system build to capture, store, manipulate, analyse, manage and display all kinds of spatial or geographical data. GIS application are tools that allow end users to perform spatial query, analysis, edit spatial data and create hard copy maps. In simple way GIS can be define as an image that is referenced to the earth or has x and y coordinate and it’s attribute values are stored in the table. These x and y coordinates are based on different projection system and there are various types of projection system. Most of the time GIS is used to create maps and to print. To perform the basic task in GIS, layers are combined, edited and designed.

Thirteen point were selected for the checking the ac- curacy in digital map, the resulted accuracy ((Root Mean Square Error (RMSE)) computed by using a special Equation (4) as described above was 55 cm, which was suitable for the production of large scale mapping. The selected scale map is suitable and appropriate for the scale of aerial photographs that have been used in the production of the map, and the possible use of the map produced and used at any time possible and updates its data using Geographic Information System (GIS) soft- ware.

Jose and Alwaro (2005),conducted a study on preliminary quantitative assessment of earthquake causalities and damages. They used a quantitative model consisting of a correlation between the number of casualties and the earthquake magnitude as a function of population density. In their study the macroseismic intensity field was determined in accordance with an updated inelastic attenuation law, and the number of casualties within areas of different intensity was computed using an application developed in a geographic information system (GIS) environment. They derived the direct economic cost due to damage on the basis of the relationship of the macro seismic intensity to the earthquake economic loss in percentage of the wealth.

This document is provided as a guide to synchronizing both the Master Street Address Guide (MSAG) and optionally the Automatic Location Information (ALI) databases to a Geographic Information System (GIS) geospatial database of road centerlines, site / structure locations, and related spatial databases. One must have a basic understanding of GIS concepts and MSAG data, or the resources available, in order to understand this document. The preferred method for performing the synchronization is using various database techniques. Emergency Service Zones, MSAG and Postal Community Names, and optionally the ALI data and address point data will all be used in the synchronization process. The synchronization of these databases will improve the accuracy of the GIS data, the MSAG, and optionally the ALI data, aid in meeting the requirements for Next