[PDF] Top 20 Order quantity optimization in a two-level pharmaceutical supply chain

... Supply chain decision-making structures include; decentralized and centralized ...the pharmaceutical supply chains are managing under decentralized decision-making ...the supply ... See full document

... In two scenarios we check the effect of each contract on ...In order to save our environment we can make our supply chains green instead of traditional supply ...a two-stage ... See full document

... in order to validate the ...between two objectives of the problem related model is revealed by using Epsilon Constraint method, which is described in Section ...swarm optimization (MOPSO), which had ... See full document

... economic order quantity (EOQ) model, it is assumed that the demand rate is ...today’s supply chain, a supplier usually offers a permissible delay in payment to retailers to encourage them to ... See full document

... on supply chain, but there are not many that reflect the uncertainty of variables such as inventory management ...and supply history, biases and economic performance. Discrete optimization ... See full document

... logistic optimization, non-linear, multi-echelon model that integrates the selling price of a product and the level of inventories, including a constraint about the maximum willingness to pay of customers, ... See full document

... Supply chain coordination as an effective tool plays an important role in improving supply chain ...a two-level supply chain with one manufacturer and two ... See full document

... a quantity discount contract as an incentive scheme is developed to coordinate the pricing and replenishment decisions under the periodic review inventory system in a two- echelon supply ...period, ... See full document

... whole supply chain in each supply chain, so the manufacturer is the Stackelberg ...stage two, depending on the choices of the two manufacturers, there are three channel ... See full document

... Supply chain models with multiple transportation modes have gained momentum in recent years due to the increasing popularity of ...are two important measures of the suppliers for ...ordering ... See full document

... optimal order quantity based on his/her individual costs the resulting order quantity may be too small to be manufactured economically by the ...entire supply chain may be ...of ... See full document

... combinative optimization problem, in which the number of possible re- sponses to the problem is increased exponentially along with the number of ...in order to serve a set of customers and, upon completion ... See full document

... a two level supply chain (single supplier-single retailer) that acts under VMI and non-VMI ...integrated supply chain, the supplier receives the details of the customer demand ... See full document

... obtained two such linear programs by formulating the control problem as a Markov decision process and then replacing the optimal value function with the sum of single-customer inventory value ...a ... See full document

... Supply chain optimization to channel management in pharmaceutical industry can transform the organisation to better utilize assets and resources, generate profits, enhance shareholder value, ... See full document

... Recently research on complex integrated production-inventory systems has attracted a good deal of attention. As an early contribution, Sigman and Simchi-Levi (1992) applied approximation procedures to find performance ... See full document

... In order to achieve the Nash equilibrium, we use decisions as input ...in order to prepare for possible changes in the decisions of other actors and thereby maximize their ... See full document

... higher level heuristic developed to find heuristic that may give better solutions to an optimization ...the supply chain considering different periods and the later aimed at minimizing total ... See full document

... the quantity of products transferring between the ...loop supply chain network ...service level of the proposed closed-loop supply chain and make it more resilient ... See full document

... their supply chain partners. Research found that the level of collaboration in Malaysian SMEs manufacturers is too low to gain any relational advantage from collaborative relationships in ... See full document